Fries Rearrangement

K. Fries, G. Fink, Ber. 41, 4271 (1908); K. Fries, W. Pfaffendorf, ibid. 43, 212 (1910).

Rearrangement of phenolic esters to o- and/or p-phenolic ketones with Lewis acid catalysts:

A. H. Blatt, Org. React. 1, 342 (1942); A. Gerecs in Friedel-Crafts and Related Reactions, in vol. 3, Part 1; G. Olah, Ed. (Interscience, New York, 1964) pp 499-533; F. R. Jensen, G. Goldman in ibid. Part 2, p 1349; R. Martin et al., Monatsh. 81, 111 (1980); R. Martin, Org. Prep. Proced. Int. 24, 369 (1992). Photo-rearrangement: J. C. Anderson, C. B. Reese, Proc. Chem. Soc. 1960, 217; D. Bellus, Advan. Photochem. 8, 109 (1971); D. J. Crouse et al., J. Org. Chem. 46, 374 (1981); W. Gu et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 121, 9467 (1999). Modified conditions: K. J. Balkus, Jr. et al., J. Mol. Catal. A 134, 137 (1998); B. Kaboudin, Tetrahedron 55, 12865 (1999); B. M. Khadilkar, V. R. Madyar, Synth. Commun. 29, 1195 (1999).