Kishner Cyclopropane Synthesis

N. M. Kishner, A. Zavadovskii, J. Russ. Phys. Chem. Soc. 43, 1132 (1911).

Formation of cyclopropane derivatives by decomposition of pyrazolines formed by reacting α,β-unsaturated ketones or aldehydes with hydrazine:

L. I. Smith, E. R. Rogier, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 73, 3840 (1951); G. S. Hammond, R. W. Todd, ibid. 76, 4081 (1954); T. L. Jacobs, Heterocyclic Compounds 5, 109 (1957). Mechanistic aspects of pyrazoline decomposition to cyclopropanes: R. G. Bergman in Free Radicals vol. 1, J. Kochi, Ed. (Wiley, New York, 1973) p 191; R. J. Crawford, M. Ohno, Can. J. Chem. 52, 3134 (1974); R. J. Crawford, H. Tokunaga, ibid. 4033; J. A. Berson in Rearrangements in Ground and Excited States vol. 1, P. de Mayo, Ed. (Academic Press, New York, 1980) p 326.