Title: Pentaerythritol
CAS Registry Number: 115-77-5
CAS Name: 2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol
Additional Names: tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)methane; tetramethylolmethane
Trademarks: Metab-Auxil; Penetek; Pentek
Molecular Formula: C5H12O4
Molecular Weight: 136.15
Percent Composition: C 44.11%, H 8.88%, O 47.01%
Literature References: Prepd by treating acetaldehyde with formaldehyde in an aq soln of calcium hydroxide: H. B. J. Schurink, Org. Synth. coll. vol. I, 425 (2nd ed., 1941); Fieser, Fieser, Organic Chemistry (2nd ed, 1950) p 133. Review of mfg processes: P. W. Sherwood, Petroleum Refiner Nov. 1956, p 171-179; Faith, Keyes & Clark's Industrial Chemicals, F. A. Lowenheim, M. K. Moran, Eds. (Wiley-Interscience, New York, 4th ed., 1975) pp 598-603. Monograph: E. Berlow et al., The Pentaerythritols, ACS Monograph Series no. 136 (Reinhold, New York, 1958).
Properties: Ditetragonal crystals from dil HCl, mp 260°. One gram dissolves in 18 ml water at 15°. Sol in ethanol, glycerol, ethylene glycol, formamide. Insol in acetone, benzene, paraffin, ether, carbon tetrachloride.
Melting point: mp 260°
Derivative Type: Tetraacetate
CAS Registry Number: 597-71-7
CAS Name: 2,2-Bis[(acetyloxy)methyl]-1,3-propanediol diacetate
Additional Names: tetra-O-acetylpentaerythritol; pentaerythrityl tetraacetate
Molecular Formula: C13H20O8
Molecular Weight: 304.29
Percent Composition: C 51.31%, H 6.62%, O 42.06%
Literature References: Prepn: Wolfrom et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 73, 874 (1951); Bonner et al., J. Chem. Soc. 1960, 2914.
Properties: Crystals, mp 83-84°.
Melting point: mp 83-84°
Derivative Type: Trinitrate see Pentrinitrol
CAUTION: Potential symptoms of overexposure to pentaerythritol are irritation of eyes and respiratory system. See NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards (DHHS/NIOSH 97-140, 1997) p 244.
Use: In synthetic resins, in paint and varnish industries. |