Title: Trifolium
Additional Names: Meadow clover; red clover; purple clover; cow clover
Literature References: Perennial herb, Trifolium pratense L., Leguminosae. Important in agriculture as a forage legume; usually as a companion crop for cereal grains or pasture grass. Used in traditional medicine for coughs and bronchitis and as a dermatological agent. Medicinal formulations are prepared from the dried and fresh flowerheads (inflorescence). Habit. Europe, Asia, Northern Africa; naturalized in U.S. Constit. Diphenolic isoflavones, primarily biochanin A, formononetin, genistein, daidzein, q.q.v.; coumarin derivatives; volatile oil containing furfural, methyl salicylate; tannin, resins, polysaccharides. Description of botony and uses in agriculture: N. L. Taylor, K. H. Quesenberry, Red Clover Science (Kluwer, Dordrecht, 1996) 226 pp. HPLC-ES-MS determn of flavonoids in botanical extracts: X. He et al., J. Chromatogr. A 755, 127 (1996). Review of medicinal uses: J. Barnes et al., Herbal Medicines (Pharmaceutical Press, London, 2nd ed., 2002) pp 399-400.
Derivative Type: Ethanolic extract
Trademarks: Menoflavin (Melbrosin); Promensil (Novogen); Rimostil (Novogen)
Literature References: Estrogenic activity: E. Dornstauder et al., J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 78, 67 (2001). Clinical effect on lipid and bone metabolism: P. B. Clifton-Bligh et al., Menopause 8, 259 (2001); on menopausal symptoms: P. H. M. van der Weijer, R. Barentsen, Maturitas 42, 187 (2002).
Therap-Cat: In treatment of menopausal symptoms. |