Title: Carbon Tetrachloride
CAS Registry Number: 56-23-5
CAS Name: Tetrachloromethane
Additional Names: perchloromethane
Trademarks: Necatorina; Benzinoform (Mallinckrodt)
Molecular Formula: CCl4
Molecular Weight: 153.82
Percent Composition: C 7.81%, Cl 92.19%
Literature References: Obtained from carbon disulfide and chlorine in presence of a catalyst, e.g., SbCl5, Fe filings, or by the chlorination of hydrocarbons: Faith, Keyes & Clark's Industrial Chemicals, F. A. Lowenheim, M. K. Moran, Eds. (Wiley-Interscience, New York, 4th ed., 1975) pp 230-234; H. D. DeShon in Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology vol. 5 (Wiley-Interscience, New York, 3rd ed., 1979) pp 704-714. Toxicity data: Svirbely, J. Ind. Hyg. Toxicol. 29, 382 (1947); E. Browning, Toxicity and Metabolism of Industrial Solvents (Elsevier, New York, 1965) pp 173-188. Use in induction of experimental liver disease: P. Trivedi, A. P. Mowat, Br. J. Exp. Pathol. 64, 25 (1983). Review of carcinogenic risk: IARC Monographs 20, 371-399 (1979); of toxicity studies: R. O. Recknagel et al., Pharmacol. Ther. 43, 139-154 (1989); of toxicology and environmental exposure: Environ. Health Criter. 208, 1-177 (1999); of toxicology and human exposure: Toxicological Profile for Carbon Tetrachloride (PB2006-100002, 2005) 361 pp.
Properties: Colorless, clear, nonflammable, heavy liquid; characteristic odor. May form phosgene when used to put out electrical fires. Use only when adequate ventilation is possible. d2525 1.589. bp 76.7°. mp -23°. nD20 1.4607. One ml dissolves in 2000 ml water; misc with alcohol, benzene, chloroform, ether, carbon disulfide, petr ether, oils. LC50 for mice: 9528 ppm (Svirbely). LD50 in rats, mice, dogs (g/kg): 2.92, 12.1-14.4, 2.3 orally; LD50 in mice (g/kg): 4.1 i.p., 30.4 s.c. (IARC, 1979).
Melting point: mp -23°
Boiling point: bp 76.7°
Index of refraction: nD20 1.4607
Density: d2525 1.589
Toxicity data: LC50 for mice: 9528 ppm (Svirbely); LD50 in rats, mice, dogs (g/kg): 2.92, 12.1-14.4, 2.3 orally; LD50 in mice (g/kg): 4.1 i.p., 30.4 s.c. (IARC, 1979)
CAUTION: Potential symptoms of overexposure are CNS depression; drowsiness, dizziness, incoordination; nausea, vomiting; liver and kidney injury. Direct contact may cause skin and eye irritation; dermatitis through defatting action. See NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards (PB2003-100121, 2003) p 54; Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology vol. 2E, G. D. Clayton, F. E. Clayton, Eds. (Wiley-Interscience, New York, 4th ed., 1994) p 4071-4080. This substance is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen: Report on Carcinogens, Eleventh Edition (PB2005-104914, 2004) p III-44.
Use: As solvent for oils, fats, lacquers, varnishes, rubber waxes, resins; starting material in manuf of organic compds. Pharmaceutic aid (solvent). Formerly used as dry cleaning agent, fire extinguisher and grain fumigant.
Therap-Cat: Formerly as anthelmintic (Nematodes).
Therap-Cat-Vet: Anthelmintic.
Keywords: Anthelmintic (Nematodes). |