The chiral diamine (II) was obtained by resolution of racemic 1,2-diaminopropane (I) with D-tartaric acid. Condensation of diamine (II) with formaldehyde and NaCN produced the tetranitrile (III). Acidic hydrolysis of tetranitrile (III) produced tetraamide (VI). The cyclization of (VI) upon heating in phenol furnished the title bis-piperazinedione. The cyclization of tetraamide (VI) has also been reported using polyphosphoric acid or sodium (methylsulfinyl)methyde. Alternatively, the synthesis of Dexrazoxane can be performed by by alkylation of diamine (II) with chloroacetic acid (IV) by means of NaOH in water to afford tetraacid (V), which is then subjected to cyclization in hot formamide.