*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION ***

RTECS NUMBER            : UR8400000
CHEMICAL NAME           : Pyridine
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER     : 110-86-1
LAST UPDATED            : 199806
DATA ITEMS CITED        : 64
MOLECULAR FORMULA       : C5-H5-N
MOLECULAR WEIGHT        : 79.11
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : T6NJ
COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR     : Tumorigen
                          Mutagen
                          Primary Irritant
SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES :
   * Azabenzene
   * Azine
   * NCI-C55301
   * Piridina
   * Pirydyna
   * Pyridin
   * Pyridine
   * RCRA waste number U196
 
                       *** HEALTH HAZARD DATA ***
 
                      ** SKIN/EYE IRRITATION DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION           : 500 mg/24H
REACTION SEVERITY       : Mild
REFERENCE :
   85JCAE "Prehled Prumyslove Toxikologie; Organicke Latky," Marhold, J.,
   Prague, Czechoslovakia, Avicenum, 1986  Volume(issue)/page/year: -,839,1986
 
                        ** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 891 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - ptosis
   Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
   Behavioral - coma
REFERENCE :
   BIOFX* BIOFAX Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc., Data Sheets.  (1810
   Frontage Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062)  Volume(issue)/page/year: 14-4/1970
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 28500 mg/m3/1H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation
   Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
REFERENCE :
   BIOFX* BIOFAX Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc., Data Sheets.  (1810
   Frontage Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062)  Volume(issue)/page/year: 14-4/1970
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 866 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   NTIS** National Technical Information Service.  (Springfield, VA 22161)
   Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: PB195-158
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 866 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   CTOXAO Clinical Toxicology.  (New York, NY)  V.1-18, 1968-81.  For publisher
   information, see JTCTDW.  Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,185,1971
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 360 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - sleep
   Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
REFERENCE :
   PLRCAT Pharmacological Research Communications.  (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
   First St., Duluth, MN 55802)  V.1-    1969-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   5,341,1973
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 1500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - sleep
   Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
REFERENCE :
   PLRCAT Pharmacological Research Communications.  (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
   First St., Duluth, MN 55802)  V.1-    1969-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   5,341,1973
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 950 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   PBPHAW Progress in Biochemical Pharmacology.  (S. Karger AG, Postfach
   CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland) V.1-    1965-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   1,542,1965
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 1250 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - sleep
   Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
REFERENCE :
   PLRCAT Pharmacological Research Communications.  (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
   First St., Duluth, MN 55802)  V.1-    1969-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   5,341,1973
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 420 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - sleep
   Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
REFERENCE :
   PLRCAT Pharmacological Research Communications.  (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
   First St., Duluth, MN 55802)  V.1-    1969-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   5,341,1973
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION           : 880 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Cardiac - change in rate
   Vascular - BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression
REFERENCE :
   TXCYAC Toxicology.  (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland, Ltd., POB 85,
   Limerick, Ireland) V.1-    1973-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,165,1975
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION           : 1121 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - ataxia
   Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands
   Liver - other changes
REFERENCE :
   BIOFX* BIOFAX Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc., Data Sheets.  (1810
   Frontage Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062)  Volume(issue)/page/year: 14-4/1970
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION           : 15 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - flaccid paralysis without anesthesia
   (usually neuromuscular blockage)
   Behavioral - general anesthetic
REFERENCE :
   JIDIAQ Journal of Infectious Diseases.  (Univ. of Chicago Press, Journals
   Div., POB 37005, Chicago, IL 60637)  V.1-    1904- Volume(issue)/page/year:
   42,473,1928
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION           : 800 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   85IXA4 "Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme
   Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948
    Volume(issue)/page/year: -,695,1948
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION           : 4 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - general anesthetic
   Behavioral - tremor
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
REFERENCE :
   JPHYA7 Journal of Physiology.  (Cambridge Univ. Press, 32 E. 57th St., New
   York, NY 10022) V.1-    1878-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,272,1894
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION           : 1 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   85JCAE "Prehled Prumyslove Toxikologie; Organicke Latky," Marhold, J.,
   Prague, Czechoslovakia, Avicenum, 1986  Volume(issue)/page/year: -,839,1986
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION           : 870 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - general anesthetic
   Behavioral - tremor
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
REFERENCE :
   JPHYA7 Journal of Physiology.  (Cambridge Univ. Press, 32 E. 57th St., New
   York, NY 10022) V.1-    1878-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,272,1894
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Parenteral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Amphibian - frog
DOSE/DURATION           : 870 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   85IXA4 "Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme
   Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948
    Volume(issue)/page/year: -,695,1948
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Mammal - species unspecified
DOSE/DURATION           : 1500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya.  Labor Hygiene and
   Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)
   V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 32(10),25,1988
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Mammal - species unspecified
DOSE/DURATION           : 10 gm/m3
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya.  Labor Hygiene and
   Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)
   V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 32(10),25,1988
 
                 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 25 mg/kg/14W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Blood - change in clotting factors
   Related to Chronic Data - death
REFERENCE :
   GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya.  For English translation, see HYSAAV.  (V/O
   Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)  V.1-    1936-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 23(7),30,1958
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 4200 mg/kg/28D-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Liver - changes in liver weight
   Endocrine - changes in adrenal weight
REFERENCE :
   BIOFX* BIOFAX Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc., Data Sheets.  (1810
   Frontage Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062)  Volume(issue)/page/year: 14-4/1970
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 1 mg/m3/24H/60D-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)
   Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue
   levels - true cholinesterase
   Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - other proteins
REFERENCE :
   GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya.  For English translation, see HYSAAV.  (V/O
   Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)  V.1-    1936-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 31(11),3,1966
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 494 mg/kg/5D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)
   Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue
   levels - other Enzymes
REFERENCE :
   TOLED5 Toxicology Letters.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1977-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 85,173,1996
 
                            ** MUTATION DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM             : Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium
DOSE/DURATION           : 6 mmol/L/2H
REFERENCE :
   CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut
   Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106)  V.1-    1941-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   39,4152,1979
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction
TEST SYSTEM             : Yeast - Saccharomyces cerevisiae
DOSE/DURATION           : 10900 ppm
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 163,23,1986

                              *** REVIEWS ***
 
   ACGIH TLV-TWA 16 mg/m3 (5 ppm)
   DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
   (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
   Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   TLV/BEI,1997

   TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
   PAREAQ Pharmacological Reviews.  (Williams & Wilkins, 428 E. Preston St.,
   Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1-    1949-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,1,1952

                    *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS ***
 
   MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3)
   DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
   (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
   Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   3,220,1971

   OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3)
   CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations.  (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
   of Documents, Washington, DC 20402)  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   29,1910.1000,1994

   OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3)
   CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations.  (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
   of Documents, Washington, DC 20402)  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   29,1926.55,1994

   OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3)
   CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations.  (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
   of Documents, Washington, DC 20402)  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   29,1915.1000,1993

   OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3)
   CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations.  (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
   of Documents, Washington, DC 20402)  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   41,50-204.50,1994

                    *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS ***
 
   OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3) JAN 1993
   
   OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3) JAN 1993
   
   OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 5 ppm (16 mg/m3) JAN 1993
   
   OEL-DENMARK:TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3) JAN 1993
   
   OEL-FINLAND:TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3);STEL 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993
   
   OEL-FRANCE:TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3);STEL 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) JAN 1993
   
   OEL-GERMANY:TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3) JAN 1993
   
   OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 5 mg/m3;STEL 10 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993
   
   OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3) JAN 1993
   
   OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993
   
   OEL-POLAND:TWA 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993
   
   OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993
   
   OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 5 ppm (16 mg/m3);STEL 10 ppm (35 mg/m3) JAN 1993
   
   OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3);STEL 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) JAN 1993
   
   OEL-TURKEY:TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3) JAN 1993
   
   OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3);STEL 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) JAN 1993
   
   OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV
   
   OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV

         *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA ***

NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) :
   NIOSH REL TO PYRIDINE-air:10H TWA 5 ppm
REFERENCE :
   NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of
   Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992

NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA :
   NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974)
     NOHS Hazard Code - 65080
       No. of Facilities: 1103 (estimated)
       No. of Industries: 22
       No. of Occupations: 18
       No. of Employees: 29286 (estimated)
   
   NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983)
     NOES Hazard Code - 65080
       No. of Facilities: 1558 (estimated)
       No. of Industries: 32
       No. of Occupations: 42
       No. of Employees: 42908 (estimated)
       No. of Female Employees: 10568 (estimated)

                          *** STATUS IN U.S. ***
 
   EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive/dose response: In vitro SCE-nonhuman
   
   EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
   
   EPA TSCA 8(a) PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT INFORMATION, FINAL RULE
   FEREAC Federal Register.  (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of
   Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1-    1936-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   47,26992,82

   EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
   
   On EPA IRIS database
   
   EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JUNE 1998
   
   NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Pyridine, 1613
   
   NIOSH Analytical Method, 1996: Pyridine, 1613
   
   NTP Carcinogenesis studies; on test (two year studies), October 1997
   
   NTP Carcinogenesis studies; on test (prechronic studies), October 1997

 
                            *** END OF RECORD ***