*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION *** RTECS NUMBER : UR8400000 CHEMICAL NAME : Pyridine CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 110-86-1 LAST UPDATED : 199806 DATA ITEMS CITED : 64 MOLECULAR FORMULA : C5-H5-N MOLECULAR WEIGHT : 79.11 WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : T6NJ COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR : Tumorigen Mutagen Primary Irritant SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES : * Azabenzene * Azine * NCI-C55301 * Piridina * Pirydyna * Pyridin * Pyridine * RCRA waste number U196 *** HEALTH HAZARD DATA *** ** SKIN/EYE IRRITATION DATA ** TYPE OF TEST : Standard Draize test ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit DOSE/DURATION : 500 mg/24H REACTION SEVERITY : Mild REFERENCE : 85JCAE "Prehled Prumyslove Toxikologie; Organicke Latky," Marhold, J., Prague, Czechoslovakia, Avicenum, 1986 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,839,1986 ** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA ** TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 891 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - ptosis Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - coma REFERENCE : BIOFX* BIOFAX Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc., Data Sheets. (1810 Frontage Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062) Volume(issue)/page/year: 14-4/1970 TYPE OF TEST : LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 28500 mg/m3/1H TOXIC EFFECTS : Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea REFERENCE : BIOFX* BIOFAX Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc., Data Sheets. (1810 Frontage Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062) Volume(issue)/page/year: 14-4/1970 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 866 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information. Volume(issue)/page/year: PB195-158 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 866 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : CTOXAO Clinical Toxicology. (New York, NY) V.1-18, 1968-81. For publisher information, see JTCTDW. Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,185,1971 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 360 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - sleep Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea REFERENCE : PLRCAT Pharmacological Research Communications. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1969- Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,341,1973 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 1500 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - sleep Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea REFERENCE : PLRCAT Pharmacological Research Communications. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1969- Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,341,1973 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 950 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : PBPHAW Progress in Biochemical Pharmacology. (S. Karger AG, Postfach CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland) V.1- 1965- Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,542,1965 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 1250 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - sleep Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea REFERENCE : PLRCAT Pharmacological Research Communications. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1969- Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,341,1973 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 420 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - sleep Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea REFERENCE : PLRCAT Pharmacological Research Communications. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1969- Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,341,1973 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog DOSE/DURATION : 880 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Cardiac - change in rate Vascular - BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression REFERENCE : TXCYAC Toxicology. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland, Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1973- Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,165,1975 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit DOSE/DURATION : 1121 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - ataxia Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands Liver - other changes REFERENCE : BIOFX* BIOFAX Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc., Data Sheets. (1810 Frontage Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062) Volume(issue)/page/year: 14-4/1970 TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit DOSE/DURATION : 15 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - flaccid paralysis without anesthesia (usually neuromuscular blockage) Behavioral - general anesthetic REFERENCE : JIDIAQ Journal of Infectious Diseases. (Univ. of Chicago Press, Journals Div., POB 37005, Chicago, IL 60637) V.1- 1904- Volume(issue)/page/year: 42,473,1928 TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit DOSE/DURATION : 800 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : 85IXA4 "Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,695,1948 TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig DOSE/DURATION : 4 gm/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - general anesthetic Behavioral - tremor Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes REFERENCE : JPHYA7 Journal of Physiology. (Cambridge Univ. Press, 32 E. 57th St., New York, NY 10022) V.1- 1878- Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,272,1894 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig DOSE/DURATION : 1 gm/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : 85JCAE "Prehled Prumyslove Toxikologie; Organicke Latky," Marhold, J., Prague, Czechoslovakia, Avicenum, 1986 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,839,1986 TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig DOSE/DURATION : 870 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - general anesthetic Behavioral - tremor Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes REFERENCE : JPHYA7 Journal of Physiology. (Cambridge Univ. Press, 32 E. 57th St., New York, NY 10022) V.1- 1878- Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,272,1894 TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Parenteral SPECIES OBSERVED : Amphibian - frog DOSE/DURATION : 870 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : 85IXA4 "Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,695,1948 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - species unspecified DOSE/DURATION : 1500 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 32(10),25,1988 TYPE OF TEST : LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - species unspecified DOSE/DURATION : 10 gm/m3 TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 32(10),25,1988 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA ** TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 25 mg/kg/14W-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Blood - change in clotting factors Related to Chronic Data - death REFERENCE : GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 23(7),30,1958 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 4200 mg/kg/28D-C TOXIC EFFECTS : Liver - changes in liver weight Endocrine - changes in adrenal weight REFERENCE : BIOFX* BIOFAX Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc., Data Sheets. (1810 Frontage Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062) Volume(issue)/page/year: 14-4/1970 TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 1 mg/m3/24H/60D-C TOXIC EFFECTS : Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - other proteins REFERENCE : GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 31(11),3,1966 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 494 mg/kg/5D-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - other Enzymes REFERENCE : TOLED5 Toxicology Letters. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1977- Volume(issue)/page/year: 85,173,1996 ** MUTATION DATA ** TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in microorganisms TEST SYSTEM : Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium DOSE/DURATION : 6 mmol/L/2H REFERENCE : CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941- Volume(issue)/page/year: 39,4152,1979 TYPE OF TEST : Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction TEST SYSTEM : Yeast - Saccharomyces cerevisiae DOSE/DURATION : 10900 ppm REFERENCE : MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 163,23,1986 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-TWA 16 mg/m3 (5 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW PAREAQ Pharmacological Reviews. (Williams & Wilkins, 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1949- Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,1,1952 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,220,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 5 ppm (16 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3);STEL 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3);STEL 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 5 mg/m3;STEL 10 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 5 ppm (16 mg/m3);STEL 10 ppm (35 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3);STEL 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3);STEL 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO PYRIDINE-air:10H TWA 5 ppm REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 65080 No. of Facilities: 1103 (estimated) No. of Industries: 22 No. of Occupations: 18 No. of Employees: 29286 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 65080 No. of Facilities: 1558 (estimated) No. of Industries: 32 No. of Occupations: 42 No. of Employees: 42908 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 10568 (estimated) *** STATUS IN U.S. *** EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive/dose response: In vitro SCE-nonhuman EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY EPA TSCA 8(a) PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT INFORMATION, FINAL RULE FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 47,26992,82 EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies On EPA IRIS database EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JUNE 1998 NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Pyridine, 1613 NIOSH Analytical Method, 1996: Pyridine, 1613 NTP Carcinogenesis studies; on test (two year studies), October 1997 NTP Carcinogenesis studies; on test (prechronic studies), October 1997 *** END OF RECORD ***