*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION ***
RTECS NUMBER : VZ7525000
CHEMICAL NAME : Sodium cyanide
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 143-33-9
OTHER CAS REGISTRY NOS. : 13998-03-3
BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. : 3587243
REFERENCE : 4-02-00-00050 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
LAST UPDATED : 199801
DATA ITEMS CITED : 51
MOLECULAR FORMULA : C-N-Na
MOLECULAR WEIGHT : 49.01
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : NA CN
COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR : Agricultural Chemical
Tumorigen
Mutagen
Reproductive Effector
Human
SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES :
* Cianuro di sodio
* Cyanide of sodium
* Cyanobrik
* Cyanogran
* Cyanure de sodium
* Cymag
* Hydrocyanic acid, sodium salt
* Kyanid sodny
* RCRA waste number P106
* Sodium cyanide
*** HEALTH HAZARD DATA ***
** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human
DOSE/DURATION : 2800 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: OTS0528336
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION : 6557 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - fluid intake
Gastrointestinal - gastritis
REFERENCE :
APTOA6 Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica. (Copenhagen, Denmark) V.1-59,
1945-86. For publisher information, see PHTOEH Volume(issue)/page/year:
1,18,1945
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human
DOSE/DURATION : 2857 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
34ZIAG "Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York,
Academic Press, Inc., 1969 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,191,1969
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION : 714 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions
Behavioral - muscle weakness
REFERENCE :
APTOA6 Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica. (Copenhagen, Denmark) V.1-59,
1945-86. For publisher information, see PHTOEH Volume(issue)/page/year:
20,291,1963
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION : 2206 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
85DCAI "Poisoning; Toxicology, Symptoms, Treatments," 2nd ed., Arena, J.M.,
Springfield, IL, C.C. Thomas, 1970 Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,73,1970
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 6440 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
28ZPAK "Sbornik Vysledku Toxixologickeho Vysetreni Latek A Pripravku,"
Marhold, J.V., Institut Pro Vychovu Vedoucicn Pracovniku Chemickeho Prumyclu
Praha, Czechoslovakia, 1972 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,13,1972
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 4300 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O
Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 43(12),90,1978
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 4900 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: OTS0528336
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 3600 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
AJPHAP American Journal of Physiology. (American Physiological Soc., 9650
Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20814) V.1- 1898- Volume(issue)/page/year:
179,60,1954
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 10 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
IGAYAY Igaku No Ayumi. Progress in Medicine. (Ishiyaku Shuppan K.K.,
1-7-10, Honkomagom, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan) V.1- 1946-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 112,861,1980
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION : 5360 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
JAMAAP JAMA, Journal of the American Medical Association. (AMA, 535 N.
Dearborn St., Chicago, IL 60610) V.1- 1883- Volume(issue)/page/year:
149,113,1952
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION : 1300 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
FEPRA7 Federation Proceedings, Federation of American Societies for
Experimental Biology. (Bethesda, MD) V.1-46, 1942-87.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,349,1947
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 10400 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
Behavioral - tremor
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: OTS0536153
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 2200 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
JAMAAP JAMA, Journal of the American Medical Association. (AMA, 535 N.
Dearborn St., Chicago, IL 60610) V.1- 1883- Volume(issue)/page/year:
100,1920,1933
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 1666 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
JACTDZ Journal of the American College of Toxicology. (Mary Ann Liebert,
Inc., 1651 Third Ave., New York, NY 10128) V.1-12, 1982-1993. Discontinued.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 1(3),120,1982
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Ocular
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 5048 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
JACTDZ Journal of the American College of Toxicology. (Mary Ann Liebert,
Inc., 1651 Third Ave., New York, NY 10128) V.1-12, 1982-1993. Discontinued.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 1(3),120,1982
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION : 5800 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
MELAAD Medicina del Lavoro. Industrial Medicine. (Via S. Barnaba, 8, 20122
Milan, Italy) V.16- 1925- Volume(issue)/page/year: 46,221,1955
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Bird - chicken
DOSE/DURATION : 21 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands
REFERENCE :
JWIDAW Journal of Wildlife Diseases. (Wildlife Disease Assoc., POB 886,
Ames, IA 50010) V.6- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,538,1986
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Bird - quail
DOSE/DURATION : 8500 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - tremor
Behavioral - ataxia
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
REFERENCE :
JWIDAW Journal of Wildlife Diseases. (Wildlife Disease Assoc., POB 886,
Ames, IA 50010) V.6- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,538,1986
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Bird - duck
DOSE/DURATION : 2500 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: OTS0530251
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Parenteral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Amphibian - frog
DOSE/DURATION : 60 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - spastic paralysis with or without sensory
change
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay)
REFERENCE :
AEPPAE Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und
Pharmakologie. (Berlin, Ger.) V.110-253, 1925-66. For publisher
information, see NSAPCC. Volume(issue)/page/year: 166,437,1932
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - domestic
DOSE/DURATION : 4 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year:
45,359,1978
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - species unspecified
DOSE/DURATION : 8 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
BECTA6 Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology.
(Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ
07094) V.1- 1966- Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,211,1979
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Bird - wild bird species
DOSE/DURATION : 4 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - tremor
Behavioral - ataxia
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
REFERENCE :
JWIDAW Journal of Wildlife Diseases. (Wildlife Disease Assoc., POB 886,
Ames, IA 50010) V.6- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,538,1986
** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 837 mg/kg/13W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Endocrine - androgenic
REFERENCE :
NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series. (Research
Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206- Volume(issue)/page/year: NIH-94-3386
** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 2148 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : male 13 week(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material,
sperm morphology, motility, and count)
Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct
REFERENCE :
NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series. (Research
Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206- Volume(issue)/page/year: NIH-94-3386
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 4177 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : male 13 week(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct
REFERENCE :
NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series. (Research
Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206- Volume(issue)/page/year: NIH-94-3386
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Implant
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - hamster
DOSE : 5999 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 6-9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
e.g., stunted fetus)
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - cardiovascular
(circulatory) system
REFERENCE :
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year:
64,456,1982
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Implant
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - hamster
DOSE : 5928 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 6-9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or
resorbed implants per total number of implants)
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
REFERENCE :
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year:
64,456,1982
** MUTATION DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
TEST SYSTEM : Insect - Drosophila melanogaster
DOSE/DURATION : 200 ppb
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 261,85,1991
*** REVIEWS ***
ACGIH TLV-TWA 5 mg(Cn)/m3 (skin)
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
(BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year:
TLV/BEI,1997
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
GVOGAV Galvano-Organo. (Paris, France) V.42-48, 1973-79.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 47,383,1978
*** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS ***
EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION
FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of
Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year:
54,7740,1989
OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 5 mg(CN)/m3
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year:
29,1910.1000,1994
OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 5 mg(CN)/m3
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year:
29,1926.55,1994
OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 5 mg(CN)/m3
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year:
29,1915.1000,1993
OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 5 mg(CN)/m3
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year:
41,50-204.50,1994
*** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS ***
OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 5 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-DENMARK:TWA 5 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 5 mg/m3;STEL 10 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV
OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
*** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA ***
NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) :
NIOSH REL TO CYANIDE-air:CL 4.7 ppm(CN)/10M
REFERENCE :
NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of
Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992
NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA :
NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974)
NOHS Hazard Code - 68950
No. of Facilities: 3285 (estimated)
No. of Industries: 68
No. of Occupations: 41
No. of Employees: 27329 (estimated)
NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983)
NOES Hazard Code - 68950
No. of Facilities: 4423 (estimated)
No. of Industries: 74
No. of Occupations: 63
No. of Employees: 66484 (estimated)
No. of Female Employees: 15327 (estimated)
*** STATUS IN U.S. ***
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA Section 8(e) Risk Notification, 8EHQ-0693-9229
On EPA IRIS database
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JUNE 1998
NTP Toxicity studies, RPT# TOX-37, October 1997
*** END OF RECORD ***