*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION ***
RTECS NUMBER : WQ0900000
CHEMICAL NAME : Sulfide, bis(2-chloroethyl)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 505-60-2
OTHER CAS REGISTRY NOS. : 69020-37-7
BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. : 1733595
REFERENCE : 4-01-00-01407 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
LAST UPDATED : 199710
DATA ITEMS CITED : 89
MOLECULAR FORMULA : C4-H8-Cl2-S
MOLECULAR WEIGHT : 159.08
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : G2S2G
COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR : Tumorigen
Mutagen
Reproductive Effector
Human
Primary Irritant
SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES :
* Bis(beta-chloroethyl)sulfide
* Bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfide
* Bis(2-chloroethyl)sulphide
* 1-Chloro-2-(beta-chloroethylthio)ethane
* 2,2'-Dichlorodiethyl sulfide
* Di-2-chloroethyl sulfide
* beta,beta'-Dichloroethyl sulfide
* beta,beta-Dichlor-ethyl-sulphide
* 2,2'-Dichloroethyl sulphide
* Distilled mustard
* Gelbkreuz
* HD
* Kampstoff "lost"
* Mustard HD
* Mustard gas
* Mustard, sulfur
* Mustard vapor
* Schwefel-lost
* S-Lost
* S mustard
* Sulfur mustard gas
* Sulfur mustard
* Sulphur mustard
* Sulphur mustard gas
* 1,1'-Thiobis(2-chloroethane)
* Yellow cross liquid
* Yperite
*** HEALTH HAZARD DATA ***
** SKIN/EYE IRRITATION DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION : 2000 mg/m3/1H
REACTION SEVERITY : Severe
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: AD-A011-260
TYPE OF TEST : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human
DOSE/DURATION : 65 ug
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB158-508
TYPE OF TEST : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION : 100 mg/m3/6H
REACTION SEVERITY : Moderate
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: AD-A011-260
TYPE OF TEST : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 200 mg/m3/30M
REACTION SEVERITY : Mild
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: AD-A011-260
TYPE OF TEST : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 200 mg/m3/2M
REACTION SEVERITY : Mild
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: AD-A011-260
** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human
DOSE/DURATION : 23 ppm/10M
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB214-270
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human
DOSE/DURATION : 64 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - effect, not otherwise
specified
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - conjunctive irritation
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
REFERENCE :
WHOTAC World Health Organization, Technical Report Series. (WHO, 1211
Geneva, 27, Switzerland) No.1- 1950- Volume(issue)/page/year: -,24,1970
TYPE OF TEST : LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 100 mg/m3/10M
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB158-508
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 5 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
Behavioral - ataxia
Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB158-507
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 1500 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - food intake (animal)
Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
CNRMAW Canadian Journal of Research, Section E, Medical Sciences. (Ottawa,
Ont., Canada) V.22-28, 1944-50. For publisher information, see CJBIAE.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 25,141,1947
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 700 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams &
Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 93,1,1948
TYPE OF TEST : LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 120 mg/m3/10M
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB158-508
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 92 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams &
Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 93,1,1948
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 20 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
Behavioral - ataxia
Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB158-507
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 8600 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams &
Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 93,1,1948
TYPE OF TEST : LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION : 70 mg/m3/10M
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB158-508
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION : 20 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB158-507
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION : 5 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
Behavioral - ataxia
Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB158-507
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION : 200 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
Behavioral - ataxia
Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB158-507
TYPE OF TEST : LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Primate - monkey
DOSE/DURATION : 80 mg/m3/10M
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB158-508
TYPE OF TEST : LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION : 70 mg/m3/10M
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB158-508
TYPE OF TEST : LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 280 mg/m3/10M
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB158-508
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 40 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
Behavioral - ataxia
Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB158-507
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 20 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
Behavioral - ataxia
Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB158-507
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 1100 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams &
Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 93,1,1948
TYPE OF TEST : LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION : 200 mg/m3/10M
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB158-508
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION : 20 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB158-507
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION : 20 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
Behavioral - ataxia
Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB158-507
TYPE OF TEST : LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - domestic
DOSE/DURATION : 190 mg/m3/10M
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB158-508
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - domestic
DOSE/DURATION : 50 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB158-507
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - domestic
DOSE/DURATION : 40 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
Behavioral - ataxia
Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB158-507
** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 19500 ug/kg/13W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
JJATDK JAT, Journal of Applied Toxicology. (John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Baffins
Lane, Chichester, W. Sussex PO19 1UD, UK) V.1- 1981-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 16,5,1996
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION : 100 ug/m3/6H/52W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - corneal damage
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: AD-A011-260
** TUMORIGENIC DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 100 ug/m3/1Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
Skin and Appendages - tumors
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: AD-A011-260
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 1250 mg/m3/15M-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors
Blood - leukemia
REFERENCE :
PSEBAA Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine.
(Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1903/04-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 82,457,1953
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 6 mg/kg/6W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application
REFERENCE :
JNCIAM Journal of the National Cancer Institute. (Washington, DC) V.1-60,
1940-78. For publisher information, see JJIND8. Volume(issue)/page/year:
14,131,1953
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 600 mg/kg/6D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors
REFERENCE :
JNCIAM Journal of the National Cancer Institute. (Washington, DC) V.1-60,
1940-78. For publisher information, see JJIND8. Volume(issue)/page/year:
11,415,1950
** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 20 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
e.g., stunted fetus)
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan
R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.1- 1968-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 33,70C,1986
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 25 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : male 10 week(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material,
sperm morphology, motility, and count)
Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in
number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea)
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or
resorbed implants per total number of implants)
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: AD-A214-556
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 68800 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION : multigeneration
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight
gain)
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - delayed effects
REFERENCE :
REPTED Reproductive Toxicology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House,
Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.1- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year:
10,311,1996
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE : 11200 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 6-18 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
e.g., stunted fetus)
REFERENCE :
TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan
R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.1- 1968-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 33,70C,1986
** MUTATION DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM : Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium
DOSE/DURATION : 10 ug/plate
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 257,307,1991
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM : Bacteria - Escherichia coli
DOSE/DURATION : 8 mg/L
REFERENCE :
CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut
Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941- Volume(issue)/page/year:
34,3073,1974
TYPE OF TEST : DNA repair
TEST SYSTEM : Bacteria - Escherichia coli
DOSE/DURATION : 5 ug/well
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 46,53,1977
TYPE OF TEST : Specific locus test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Parenteral
TEST SYSTEM : Insect - Drosophila melanogaster
DOSE/DURATION : 300 umol/L
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 13,19,1971
TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
TEST SYSTEM : Insect - Drosophila melanogaster
DOSE/DURATION : 10 pph/15M (Intermittent)
REFERENCE :
PREBA3 Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Section B. (Edinburgh,
Scotland, UK) V.61-74, 1943-74. Volume(issue)/page/year: 62,271,1946/1947
TYPE OF TEST : Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
TEST SYSTEM : Insect - Drosophila melanogaster
DOSE/DURATION : 10 pph/15M (Intermittent)
REFERENCE :
PREBA3 Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Section B. (Edinburgh,
Scotland, UK) V.61-74, 1943-74. Volume(issue)/page/year: 62,271,1946/1947
TYPE OF TEST : Dominant lethal test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
TEST SYSTEM : Insect - Drosophila melanogaster
DOSE/DURATION : 10 pph/15M (Intermittent)
REFERENCE :
PREBA3 Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Section B. (Edinburgh,
Scotland, UK) V.61-74, 1943-74. Volume(issue)/page/year: 62,271,1946/1947
TYPE OF TEST : Heritable translocation test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
TEST SYSTEM : Insect - Drosophila melanogaster
DOSE/DURATION : 10 pph/15M (Intermittent)
REFERENCE :
PREBA3 Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Section B. (Edinburgh,
Scotland, UK) V.61-74, 1943-74. Volume(issue)/page/year: 62,271,1946/1947
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM : Mold - Neurospora crassa
DOSE/DURATION : 200 umol/L/30M
REFERENCE :
PNASA6 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States
of America. (National Academy of Sciences, Printing & Pub. Office, 2101
Constitution Ave., Washington, DC 20418) V.1- 1915-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 35,581,1949
TYPE OF TEST : DNA damage
TEST SYSTEM : Yeast - Saccharomyces cerevisiae
DOSE/DURATION : 500 umol/L
REFERENCE :
CBINA8 Chemico-Biological Interactions. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland
Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1969- Volume(issue)/page/year:
44,27,1983
TYPE OF TEST : DNA damage
TEST SYSTEM : Human Cells - not otherwise specified
DOSE/DURATION : 1 umol/L
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 294,235,1993
TYPE OF TEST : DNA damage
TEST SYSTEM : Human HeLa cell
DOSE/DURATION : 2 mg/L
REFERENCE :
CBINA8 Chemico-Biological Interactions. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland
Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1969- Volume(issue)/page/year:
4,297,1971/1972
TYPE OF TEST : Unscheduled DNA synthesis
TEST SYSTEM : Human HeLa cell
DOSE/DURATION : 200 mg/L
REFERENCE :
NATUAS Nature. (Nature Subscription Dept., POB 1018, Manasguan, NJ 08736)
V.1- 1869- Volume(issue)/page/year: 218,970,1968
TYPE OF TEST : DNA inhibition
TEST SYSTEM : Human Cells - not otherwise specified
DOSE/DURATION : 500 nmol/L
REFERENCE :
TIVIEQ Toxicology In Vitro. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview
Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.1- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,245,1992
TYPE OF TEST : DNA inhibition
TEST SYSTEM : Human HeLa cell
DOSE/DURATION : 75 mg/L
REFERENCE :
IUSMDJ ICN-UCLA Symposia on Molecular and Cellular Biology. (Menlo Park,
CA) V.1-23, 1974-81. Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,41,1979
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified
TEST SYSTEM : Human HeLa cell
DOSE/DURATION : 75 mg/L
REFERENCE :
IUSMDJ ICN-UCLA Symposia on Molecular and Cellular Biology. (Menlo Park,
CA) V.1-23, 1974-81. Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,41,1979
TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis
TEST SYSTEM : Human Leukocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 4 mg/L
REFERENCE :
PJPPAA Polish Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacy. (ARS Polona, POB 1001,
00-068 Warsaw 1, Poland) V.25- 1973- Volume(issue)/page/year:
39,405,1987
TYPE OF TEST : Sister chromatid exchange
TEST SYSTEM : Human Leukocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 8 mg/L
REFERENCE :
PJPPAA Polish Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacy. (ARS Polona, POB 1001,
00-068 Warsaw 1, Poland) V.25- 1973- Volume(issue)/page/year:
39,405,1987
TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - rat Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 20 ng/L
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,207,1974
TYPE OF TEST : Dominant lethal test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 100 ug/m3/12W (Continuous)
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 21,13,1973
TYPE OF TEST : Micronucleus test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 8 mg/kg
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 257,307,1991
TYPE OF TEST : Micronucleus test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 10 mg/kg
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 257,307,1991
TYPE OF TEST : DNA adduct
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse Ascites tumor
DOSE/DURATION : 2 mg/kg
REFERENCE :
BIJOAK Biochemical Journal. (Biochemical Soc. Book Depot, POB 32, Commerce
Way, Colchester, Essex CO2 8HP, UK) V.1- 1906- Volume(issue)/page/year:
80,496,1961
TYPE OF TEST : DNA damage
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 1 mg/L
REFERENCE :
BBACAQ Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211,
1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1947- Volume(issue)/page/year:
179,179,1969
TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse Leukocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 20 ug/L
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 21,6,1973
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in mammalian somatic cells
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse Leukocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 20 ug/L
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 21,6,1973
TYPE OF TEST : Host-mediated assay
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse Leukocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 100 mg/kg
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 21,6,1973
TYPE OF TEST : Host-mediated assay
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse Bacteria - Escherichia coli
DOSE/DURATION : 8 mg/kg
REFERENCE :
CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut
Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941- Volume(issue)/page/year:
34,3073,1974
TYPE OF TEST : Unscheduled DNA synthesis
TEST SYSTEM : Mammal - species unspecified Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 750 nmol/L
REFERENCE :
CHRTBC Chromosomes Today. (George Allen & Unwin Ltd., 40 Museum St., London
WC1A 1LU, UK) V.1- 1966- Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,162,1972
TYPE OF TEST : DNA damage
TEST SYSTEM : Bird - chicken Leukocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 30 mmol/L
REFERENCE :
TELEAY Tetrahedron Letters. (Pergamon Press Ltd., Headington Hill Hall,
Oxford OX3 OBW, UK) 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: (29),2477,1975
*** REVIEWS ***
IARC Cancer Review:Human Sufficient Evidence
IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49
Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year:
7,259,1987
IARC Cancer Review:Animal Limited Evidence
IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49
Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year:
7,259,1987
IARC Cancer Review:Group 1
IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49
Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year:
7,259,1987
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
85CVA2 "Oncology 1970, Proceedings of the Tenth International Cancer
Congress," Chicago, Year Book Medical Pub., 1971 Volume(issue)/page/year:
5,63,1970
*** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS ***
OEL-FINLAND;Carcinogen JAN 1993
OEL-FRANCE;Carcinogen JAN 1993
OEL-GERMANY;Carcinogen JAN 1993
OEL-SWEDEN;Carcinogen JAN 1993
OEL-SWITZERLAND;Carcinogen JAN 1993
*** STATUS IN U.S. ***
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: D melanogaster-whole sex chrom. loss
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: D melanogaster-reciprocal translocation
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: L5178Y cells in vitro-TK test; N
crassa-reversion
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: D melanogaster Sex-linked lethal
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive/dose response: TRP reversion
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive/limited: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JUNE 1998
NTP 7th Annual Report on Carcinogens, 1992 : known to be carcinogenic
*** END OF RECORD ***