*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION ***
RTECS NUMBER : XZ4250000
CHEMICAL NAME : 1,2,4-Triazole-3-carboxamide, 1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 36791-04-5
OTHER CAS REGISTRY NOS. : 66510-90-5
BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. : 0892462
LAST UPDATED : 199612
DATA ITEMS CITED : 32
MOLECULAR FORMULA : C8-H12-N4-O5
MOLECULAR WEIGHT : 244.24
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : T5OTJ B1Q CQ DQ E- AT5NN DNJ CVZ
COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR : Drug
Mutagen
Reproductive Effector
SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES :
* Icn-1229
* Ribamidyl
* Ribavirin
* 1-beta-D-Ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide
* RTCA
* Viramid
* Virazole
*** HEALTH HAZARD DATA ***
** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 2700 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - active as anti-cancer agent
REFERENCE :
PCJOAU Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal (English Translation). Translation
of KHFZAN. (Plenum Pub. Corp., 233 Spring St., New York, NY 10013) No.1-
1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 18,667,1984
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 4 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - active as anti-cancer agent
REFERENCE :
PCJOAU Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal (English Translation). Translation
of KHFZAN. (Plenum Pub. Corp., 233 Spring St., New York, NY 10013) No.1-
1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 18,667,1984
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 1300 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
JMCMAR Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. (American Chemical Soc.,
Distribution Office Dept. 223, POB POB 57136, West End Stn., Washington, DC
20037) V.6- 1963- Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,1150,1972
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION : 1500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes
Blood - hemorrhage
REFERENCE :
PCJOAU Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal (English Translation). Translation
of KHFZAN. (Plenum Pub. Corp., 233 Spring St., New York, NY 10013) No.1-
1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 18,667,1984
** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED : Primate - monkey
DOSE/DURATION : 1 gm/kg/10D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Blood - normocytic anemia
Blood - changes in bone marrow (not otherwise specified)
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year:
74,163,1984
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION : 220 mg/kg/10D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Blood - changes in platelet count
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - changes in calcium
REFERENCE :
JVPTD9 Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics. (Blackwell
Scientific Pub. Ltd., POB 88, Oxford, UK) V.1- 1978-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 16,301,1993
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION : 220 mg/kg/10D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Blood - changes in platelet count
Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue
levels - transaminases
REFERENCE :
JVPTD9 Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics. (Blackwell
Scientific Pub. Ltd., POB 88, Oxford, UK) V.1- 1978-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 16,301,1993
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION : 440 mg/kg/10D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Blood - changes in bone marrow (not otherwise specified)
Blood - changes in platelet count
REFERENCE :
JVPTD9 Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics. (Blackwell
Scientific Pub. Ltd., POB 88, Oxford, UK) V.1- 1978-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 16,301,1993
** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 25 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan
R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.1- 1968-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,93,1978
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 37500 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - eye/ear
REFERENCE :
TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan
R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.1- 1968-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,93,1978
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 3150 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : male 90 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material,
sperm morphology, motility, and count)
REFERENCE :
TSUJDP Toxic Substances Journal. (Springborn Management Consultants, 30
Springborn Center, Enfield, CT 06082) V.1- 1979-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 13,171,1994
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 9 gm/kg
SEX/DURATION : male 60 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct
REFERENCE :
TSUJDP Toxic Substances Journal. (Springborn Management Consultants, 30
Springborn Center, Enfield, CT 06082) V.1- 1979-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 13,171,1994
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 25 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 10 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or
resorbed implants per total number of implants)
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year:
52,99,1980
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - hamster
DOSE : 3750 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 8 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - eye/ear
REFERENCE :
TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan
R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.1- 1968-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,93,1978
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - hamster
DOSE : 2500 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 8 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan
R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.1- 1968-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,93,1978
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - hamster
DOSE : 2500 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 8 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - eye/ear
REFERENCE :
EXMPA6 Experimental and Molecular Pathology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1962- Volume(issue)/page/year:
28,196,1978
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - hamster
DOSE : 5 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 8 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or
resorbed implants per total number of implants)
REFERENCE :
EXMPA6 Experimental and Molecular Pathology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1962- Volume(issue)/page/year:
28,196,1978
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - hamster
DOSE : 2500 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 8 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - eye/ear
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan
R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.1- 1968-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,93,1978
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - hamster
DOSE : 5 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 7 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or
resorbed implants per total number of implants)
REFERENCE :
TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan
R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.1- 1968-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,93,1978
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - hamster
DOSE : 5 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 8 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - eye/ear
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan
R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.1- 1968-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,93,1978
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - hamster
DOSE : 5 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 8 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or
resorbed implants per total number of implants)
REFERENCE :
TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan
R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.1- 1968-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,93,1978
** MUTATION DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : Micronucleus test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 40 mg/kg/24H (Continuous)
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 224,213,1989
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 20 umol/L
REFERENCE :
CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut
Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941- Volume(issue)/page/year:
45,5512,1985
TYPE OF TEST : DNA inhibition
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 10 umol/L
REFERENCE :
CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut
Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941- Volume(issue)/page/year:
45,5512,1985
TYPE OF TEST : DNA inhibition
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse Leukocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 4800 ug/L
REFERENCE :
BCPCA6 Biochemical Pharmacology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House,
Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.1- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year:
38,1771,1989
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse Leukocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 8600 ug/L
REFERENCE :
BCPCA6 Biochemical Pharmacology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House,
Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.1- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year:
38,1771,1989
TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 600 mg/kg/3D (Continuous)
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 224,213,1989
TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 4500 mg/kg/3D (Continuous)
REFERENCE :
EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E.
11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year:
18,168,1991
TYPE OF TEST : DNA inhibition
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - rabbit Kidney
DOSE/DURATION : 1700 ug/L
REFERENCE :
BCPCA6 Biochemical Pharmacology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House,
Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.1- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year:
38,1771,1989
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - rabbit Kidney
DOSE/DURATION : 4900 ug/L
REFERENCE :
BCPCA6 Biochemical Pharmacology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House,
Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.1- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year:
38,1771,1989
*** REVIEWS ***
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
JACTDZ Journal of the American College of Toxicology. (Mary Ann Liebert,
Inc., 1651 Third Ave., New York, NY 10128) V.1-12, 1982-1993. Discontinued.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 9(5),551,1990
*** STATUS IN U.S. ***
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Ribavirin, 5027
*** END OF RECORD ***