*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION ***

RTECS NUMBER            : ZG0350000
CHEMICAL NAME           : 3-beta,20-alpha-Yohimban-16-beta-carboxylic acid,
                          18-beta-hydroxy-11,17-alpha-dimethoxy-, methyl ester,
                          3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate (ester)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER     : 50-55-5
BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. : 0102014
REFERENCE               : 4-25-00-01319 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
LAST UPDATED            : 199806
DATA ITEMS CITED        : 82
MOLECULAR FORMULA       : C33-H40-N2-O9
MOLECULAR WEIGHT        : 608.75
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : T F6 D5 C666 EM ON&&TTTJ HO1 SOVR CO1 DO1 EO1& TO1
                          UVO1
COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR     : Tumorigen
                          Drug
                          Mutagen
                          Reproductive Effector
                          Human
                          Natural Product
SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES :
   * Anquil
   * Apoplon
   * Banasil
   * Bioserpine
   * Crystoserpine
   * Deserpine
   * Diutensen-R
   * Elserpine
   * ENT 50146
   * Escaspere
   * Eserpine
   * Eskaserp
   * Gilucard
   * Hiposerpil
   * Kitine
   * Klimanosid
   * Lemiserp
   * Loweserp
   * Mayserpine
   * Methylreserpate 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoic acid
   * Naquival
   * NCI-C50157
   * Quiescin
   * Raucap
   * Raulen
   * Raupasil
   * Raupoid
   * Raurine
   * Rausan
   * Rau-Sed
   * Rausedan
   * Rausedil
   * Rausedyl
   * Rauserpol
   * Rausingle
   * RCRA waste number U200
   * Recipin
   * Resaltex
   * Resedril
   * Resedrex
   * Rese-Lar
   * Reser-AR
   * Reserbal
   * Resercaps
   * Resercen
   * Reserfia
   * Reserjen
   * Reserlor
   * Reserp
   * Reserpal
   * Reserpamed
   * Reserpanca
   * Reserpene
   * Reserpex
   * Reserpidefe
   * Reserpil
   * Reserpine
   * Reserpoid
   * Reserpur
   * Resersana
   * Reserutin
   * Resiatric
   * Residine
   * Resocalm
   * Resomine
   * Resperin
   * Resperine
   * Respital
   * Restran
   * Rezerpin
   * Riserpa
   * Rivased
   * Rivasin
   * Rolserp
   * Salupres
   * Salutensin
   * Sandril
   * Sedaraupin
   * Sedserp
   * Seominal
   * Serfin
   * Serfolia
   * Serp-AFD
   * Serpaloid
   * Serpanray
   * Serpasil
   * Serpasil premix
   * Serpasol
   * Serpate
   * Serpatone
   * Serpazil
   * Serpazol
   * Serpedin
   * Serpen
   * Serpentina
   * Serpiloid
   * Serpine (pharmaceutical)
   * Serpivite
   * Serplex K
   * Serpogen
   * Serpoid
   * Serpone
   * Serpresan
   * Serpyrit
   * Sertabs
   * Sertina
   * Temposerpine
   * Triserpin
   * 3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzoyl methyl reserpate
   * USAF CB-27
   * Vio-Serpine
 
                       *** HEALTH HAZARD DATA ***
 
                        ** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 420 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - antipsychotic
REFERENCE :
   PSSCBG Pesticide Science.  (Blackwell Scientific Pub. Ltd., POB 88, Oxford,
   UK)  V.1-    1970-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,555,1980
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 44 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Brain and Coverings - recordings from specific areas of CNS
REFERENCE :
   AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans
   Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium)  V.4-   
   1898-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 110,20,1957
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 25 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   NYKZAU Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi.  Japanese Journal of Pharmacology. (Nippon
   Yakuri Gakkai, c/o Kyoto Daigaku Igakubu Yakurigaku Kyoshitsu, Konoe-cho,
   Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan) V.40-    1944- Volume(issue)/page/year:
   56,377,1960
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 15 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   27ZQAG "Psychotropic Drugs and Related Compounds," 2nd ed., Usdin, E., and
   D.H. Efron, Washington, DC, 1972  Volume(issue)/page/year: -,111,1972
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : >50 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   NIIRDN Drugs in Japan (Ethical Drugs).  (Yakugyo Jiho Co., Ltd., Tokyo,
   Japan)  Volume(issue)/page/year: -,1453,1995
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 5 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   EJMCA5 European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry--Chimie Therapeutique.
   (Editions Scientifiques Elsevier, 29 rue Buffon, F-75005, Paris, France)
   V.9-    1974-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,519,1975
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 5610 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   NIIRDN Drugs in Japan (Ethical Drugs).  (Yakugyo Jiho Co., Ltd., Tokyo,
   Japan)  Volume(issue)/page/year: -,1453,1995
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 21 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex)
   Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay)
   Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea
REFERENCE :
   ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research.  (Editio Cantor Verlag,
   Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.)  V.1-    1951-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 14,1040,1964
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION           : 500 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   27ZIAQ "Drug Dosages in Laboratory Animals - A Handbook," Rev. ed., Barnes,
   C.D., and L.G. Eltherington, Berkeley, Univ. of California Press, 1973
   Volume(issue)/page/year: -,234,1973
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION           : 7 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - body temperature decrease
REFERENCE :
   JDGRAX Journal of Drug Research.  (National Organization for Drug Research
   and Control, POB 29, Cairo, Egypt)  V.2-    1969-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   6(3),19,1974
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION           : 15 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   27ZQAG "Psychotropic Drugs and Related Compounds," 2nd ed., Usdin, E., and
   D.H. Efron, Washington, DC, 1972  Volume(issue)/page/year: -,111,1972
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION           : 65 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans
   Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium)  V.4-   
   1898-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 137,375,1962
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION           : 16 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research.  (Editio Cantor Verlag,
   Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.)  V.1-    1951-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,600,1973
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Bird - wild bird species
DOSE/DURATION           : 100 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology.  (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
   First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1-    1959-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   21,315,1972
 
                 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 945 mg/kg/75W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Blood - changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count
   Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
   Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue
   levels - transaminases
REFERENCE :
   TOLED5 Toxicology Letters.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1977-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,201,1978
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 54 mg/kg/9W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Related to Chronic Data - death
REFERENCE :
   AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans
   Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium)  V.4-   
   1898-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 124,237,1960
 
                          ** TUMORIGENIC DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION           : 456 ug/kg/Y-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
   Skin and Appendages - tumors
REFERENCE :
   LANCAO Lancet.  (7 Adam St., London WC2N 6AD, UK)  V.1-    1823-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,672,1974
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 54 mg/kg/77W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
   Liver - tumors
   Blood - lymphoma, including Hodgkin's disease
REFERENCE :
   COREAF Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances, Academie des Sciences.
   (Paris, France)  V.1-261, 1835-1965.  For publisher information, see CRASEV.
    Volume(issue)/page/year: 254,1535,1962
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 132 mg/kg/2.5Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria
   Gastrointestinal - tumors
   Skin and Appendages - tumors
REFERENCE :
   VOONAW Voprosy Onkologii.  Problems of Oncology.  For English translation,
   see PONCAU. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)  V.1-10,
   1928-37; V.1-    1955-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 32(7),76,1986
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 433 mg/kg/2Y-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
   Skin and Appendages - tumors
   Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
   NCITR* National Cancer Institute Carcinogenesis Technical Report Series.
   (Bethesda, MD)  No.0-205. For publisher information, see NTPTR*.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: NCI-TR-193,1980
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 200 mg/kg/2Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors
   Skin and Appendages - tumors
REFERENCE :
   VOONAW Voprosy Onkologii.  Problems of Oncology.  For English translation,
   see PONCAU. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)  V.1-10,
   1928-37; V.1-    1955-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 32(7),76,1986
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 216 mg/kg/2Y-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
   Endocrine - adrenal cortex tumors
   Skin and Appendages - tumors
REFERENCE :
   NCITR* National Cancer Institute Carcinogenesis Technical Report Series.
   (Bethesda, MD)  No.0-205. For publisher information, see NTPTR*.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: NCI-TR-193,1980
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION           : 73 mg/kg/2Y-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria
   Skin and Appendages - tumors
REFERENCE :
   LANCAO Lancet.  (7 Adam St., London WC2N 6AD, UK)  V.1-    1823-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,672,1974
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION           : 24 mg/kg/13Y-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria
   Brain and Coverings - tumors
REFERENCE :
   LANCAO Lancet.  (7 Adam St., London WC2N 6AD, UK)  V.1-    1823-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,672,1974
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION           : 16 mg/kg/3Y-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria
   Skin and Appendages - tumors
REFERENCE :
   LANCAO Lancet.  (7 Adam St., London WC2N 6AD, UK)  V.1-    1823-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,672,1974
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 340 mg/kg/3Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria
   Gastrointestinal - tumors
   Endocrine - thyroid tumors
REFERENCE :
   VOONAW Voprosy Onkologii.  Problems of Oncology.  For English translation,
   see PONCAU. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)  V.1-10,
   1928-37; V.1-    1955-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 32(7),76,1986
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 1120 mg/kg/2Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria
   Blood - tumors
   Skin and Appendages - tumors
REFERENCE :
   VOONAW Voprosy Onkologii.  Problems of Oncology.  For English translation,
   see PONCAU. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)  V.1-10,
   1928-37; V.1-    1955-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 32(7),76,1986
 
                          ** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Human - woman
DOSE                    : 200 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 39 week(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4
   per # born alive)
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - other neonatal measures or effects
REFERENCE :
   AJDCAI American Journal of Diseases of Children.  (AMA, 535 N. Dearborn St.,
   Chicago, IL 60610) V.1-80(3), 1911-50; V.100-    1960-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 90,286,1955
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Human - woman
DOSE                    : 4800 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 32-39 week(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - stillbirth
REFERENCE :
   AGPSA3 AMA Archives of General Psychiatry.  (Chicago, IL)  V.1-2, 1959-60.
   For publisher information, see ARGPAQ.  Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,606,1960
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 11130 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION            : male 21 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Fertility - mating performance (e.g. # sperm positive females
   per # females mated; # copulations per # estrus cycles)
REFERENCE :
   NATUAS Nature.  (Nature Subscription Dept., POB 1018, Manasguan, NJ 08736)
   V.1-    1869-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 200,585,1963
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 17500 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 3-9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in
   number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea)
REFERENCE :
   PSEBAA Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine.
   (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802)  V.1-    1903/04-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 100,555,1959
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 6 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 60 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Maternal Effects - menstrual cycle changes or disorders
REFERENCE :
   CRSBAW Comptes Rendus des Seances de la Societe de Biologie et de Ses
   Filiales.  (SPPIF, B.P.22, F-41353 Vineuil, France)  V.1-    1849-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 156,587,1962
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 21217 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 30 week(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Fertility - female fertility index (e.g. # females pregnant
   per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # females mated)
REFERENCE :
   CRSBAW Comptes Rendus des Seances de la Societe de Biologie et de Ses
   Filiales.  (SPPIF, B.P.22, F-41353 Vineuil, France)  V.1-    1849-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 156,587,1962
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 2 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 2 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Maternal Effects - ovaries, fallopian tubes
REFERENCE :
   TJXMAH Tokushima Journal of Experimental Medicine.  (Univ. of Tokushima,
   School of Medicine, 3, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, Japan)  V.1-    1954-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,1,1976
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 700 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 8-14 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - stillbirth
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight
   gain)
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral
REFERENCE :
   PEDIAU Pediatrics.  (American Academy of Pediatrics, P.O. Box 1034,
   Evanston, IL 60204) V.1-    1948-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 27,318,1961
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 2500 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 19 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - extra-embryonic structures
   (e.g., placenta, umbilical cord)
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
REFERENCE :
   NISFAY Nippon Sanka Fujinka Gakkai Zasshi.  Journal of the Japan Society of
   Obstetrics and Gynecology.  (Nippon Sanka Fujinka Gakkai Zasshi, Hoken
   Kaikan Bekkan, 1-1 Sadohara-cho, Ichigaya, Shijuku-ku, Tokyo 162, Japan)
   V.1-    1949-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 30,161,1978
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 1 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 1 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Maternal Effects - menstrual cycle changes or disorders
REFERENCE :
   ENDOAO Endocrinology (Baltimore).  (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston
   St., Baltimore, MD 21203) V.1-    1917-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   65,563,1959
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 1250 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION            : male 5 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct
   Reproductive - Paternal Effects - prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland,
   accessory glands
REFERENCE :
   JRPFA4 Journal of Reproduction and Fertility.  (Biochemical Soc. Book Depot,
   POB 32, Commerce Way, Colchester, Essex CO2 8HP, UK)  V.1-    1960-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 28,177,1972
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 400 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 11-14 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral
REFERENCE :
   EXNEAC Experimental Neurology.  (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St.,
   Duluth, MN 55802) V.1-    1959-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,263,1962
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 3 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 12-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - cardiovascular
   (circulatory) system
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - physical
REFERENCE :
   FAATDF Fundamental and Applied Toxicology.  (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
   First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1-    1981-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   13,652,1989
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 1500 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 12-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight
   gain)
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - biochemical and metabolic
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - physical
REFERENCE :
   NETEEC Neurotoxicology and Teratology.  (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House,
   Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523)  V.9-    1987- Volume(issue)/page/year:
   11,515,1989
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 2 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 12-17 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Maternal Effects - ovaries, fallopian tubes
REFERENCE :
   PRGLBA Prostaglandins.  (Geron-X, Inc., P.O. Box 1108, Los Altos, CA 94022)
   V.1-    1972-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,75,1975
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 400 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 1 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Fertility - other measures of fertility
REFERENCE :
   ENDOAO Endocrinology (Baltimore).  (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston
   St., Baltimore, MD 21203) V.1-    1917-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   78,225,1966
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 4 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 16-19 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - cardiovascular
   (circulatory) system
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - biochemical and metabolic
REFERENCE :
   TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan
   R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.1-    1968-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 27,35A,1983
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 800 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - eye/ear
   Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or
   resorbed implants per total number of implants)
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
   e.g., stunted fetus)
REFERENCE :
   PSEBAA Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine.
   (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802)  V.1-    1903/04-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 118,857,1965
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 800 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial
   (including nose and tongue)
   Reproductive - Maternal Effects - other effects
   Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
   PSEBAA Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine.
   (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802)  V.1-    1903/04-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 118,857,1965
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 1 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
   PSEBAA Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine.
   (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802)  V.1-    1903/04-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 118,857,1965
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 1500 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 10 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
REFERENCE :
   PSEBAA Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine.
   (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802)  V.1-    1903/04-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 118,857,1965
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Parenteral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 9 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 1-9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in
   number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea)
REFERENCE :
   15QWAW "Agents Affecting Fertility, a Symposium, 1964," Austin, C.R., and
   J.S. Perry, eds., Boston, Little, Brown & Co., 1965 Volume(issue)/page/year:
   -,290,1965
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 3750 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION            : male 15 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct
   Reproductive - Fertility - mating performance (e.g. # sperm positive females
   per # females mated; # copulations per # estrus cycles)
REFERENCE :
   ANENAG Annales d'Endocrinologie.  (Masson Editeur, 120 Blvd. Saint-Germain,
   F-25280 Paris Cedex 06, France)  V.1-    1939-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   23,281,1962
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 50 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 8 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
REFERENCE :
   AKGIAO Akushcherstvo i Ginekologiya (Moscow).  (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga,
   113095 Moscow, USSR) No.1-    1936-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 43(12),10,1967
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE                    : 600 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 7-12 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
   KSRNAM Kiso to Rinsho.  Clinical Report.  (Yubunsha Co., Ltd., 1-5, Kanda
   Suda-Cho, Chiyoda-ku, KS Bldg., Tokyo 101, Japan)  V.1-    1960-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,2937,1970
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE                    : 10 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 1 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Fertility - other measures of fertility
REFERENCE :
   JRPFA4 Journal of Reproduction and Fertility.  (Biochemical Soc. Book Depot,
   POB 32, Commerce Way, Colchester, Essex CO2 8HP, UK)  V.1-    1960-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 13,345,1967
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE                    : 120 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 1 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Fertility - other measures of fertility
REFERENCE :
   JOENAK Journal of Endocrinology.  (Biochemical Soc. Book Depot, POB 32,
   Commerce Way, Colchester, Essex CO2 8HP, UK)  V.1-    1939-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 35,161,1966
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Parenteral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE                    : 400 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 1 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Fertility - other measures of fertility
REFERENCE :
   FESTAS Fertility and Sterility.  (American Fertility Soc., 608 13th Ave. S,
   Birmingham, AL 35282) V.1-    1950-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 12,346,1961
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Parenteral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE                    : 3200 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 1 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Maternal Effects - uterus, cervix, vagina
REFERENCE :
   FESTAS Fertility and Sterility.  (American Fertility Soc., 608 13th Ave. S,
   Birmingham, AL 35282) V.1-    1950-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 12,346,1961
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE                    : 1600 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 1 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Fertility - other measures of fertility
REFERENCE :
   AJOGAH American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology.  (C.V. Mosby Co.,
   11830 Westline Industrial Dr., St. Louis, MO 63146)  V.1-    1920-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 83,1405,1962
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Mammal - dog
DOSE                    : 32 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION            : male 1 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Paternal Effects - other effects on male
REFERENCE :
   NYKZAU Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi.  Japanese Journal of Pharmacology. (Nippon
   Yakuri Gakkai, c/o Kyoto Daigaku Igakubu Yakurigaku Kyoshitsu, Konoe-cho,
   Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan) V.40-    1944- Volume(issue)/page/year:
   80,239,1982
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Primate - monkey
DOSE                    : 100 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 14 week(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Maternal Effects - menstrual cycle changes or disorders
REFERENCE :
   SCIEAS Science.  (American Assoc. for the Advancement of Science, 1333 H
   St., NW, Washington, DC 20005)  V.1-    1895-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   124,726,1956
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE                    : 170 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 35-68 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - stillbirth
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4
   per # born alive)
REFERENCE :
   AJOGAH American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology.  (C.V. Mosby Co.,
   11830 Westline Industrial Dr., St. Louis, MO 63146)  V.1-    1920-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 92,711,1965
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE                    : 340 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 35-68 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - other neonatal measures or effects
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - biochemical and metabolic
REFERENCE :
   AJOGAH American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology.  (C.V. Mosby Co.,
   11830 Westline Industrial Dr., St. Louis, MO 63146)  V.1-    1920-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 92,711,1965
 
                            ** MUTATION DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Unscheduled DNA synthesis
TEST SYSTEM             : Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium
DOSE/DURATION           : 1 ug
REFERENCE :
   ECEBDI Experimental Cell Biology.  (S. Karger Pub., Inc., 79 Fifth Ave., New
   York, NY 10003) V.44-    1976-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 50,271,1982
 
TYPE OF TEST            : DNA adduct
TEST SYSTEM             : Bacteria - Escherichia coli
DOSE/DURATION           : 20 umol/L
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 89,95,1981
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Morphological transformation
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - rat Embryo
DOSE/DURATION           : 2200 ng/plate
REFERENCE :
   JJATDK JAT, Journal of Applied Toxicology.  (John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Baffins
   Lane, Chichester, W. Sussex PO19 1UD, UK)  V.1-    1981-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,190,1981
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Micronucleus test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 2 mg/kg
REFERENCE :
   BPBSDA Bulletin of the Philippine Biochemical Society.  (Philippine
   Biochemical Soc., POB 593, Manila, Philippines)  V.1-    1978-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,52,1979
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Cytogenetic analysis
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 30 mg/kg/48H
REFERENCE :
   PCJOAU Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal (English Translation).  Translation
   of KHFZAN. (Plenum Pub. Corp., 233 Spring St., New York, NY 10013)  No.1-
   1967-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 12,298,1978
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Dominant lethal test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 200 ug/kg
REFERENCE :
   KHFZAN Khimiko-Farmatsevticheskii Zhurnal.  Chemical Pharmaceutical Journal.
    For English translation, see PCJOAU.  (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095
   Moscow, USSR)  V.1-    1967-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 12(3),19,1978
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Morphological transformation
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - hamster Embryo
DOSE/DURATION           : 4 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   CRNGDP Carcinogenesis (London). (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House,
   Southfield Road, Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK)  V.1-    1980-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,11,1994
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Sister chromatid exchange
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - hamster Ovary
DOSE/DURATION           : 2 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis.  (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E.
   11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.10-    1987-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   13,133,1989
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - hamster
DOSE/DURATION           : 4 ng/kg
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 327,237,1995

                              *** REVIEWS ***
 
   IARC Cancer Review:Animal Limited Evidence
   IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
   to Man.  (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
   V.1-    1972-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 24,211,1980

   IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence
   IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
   to Man.  (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
   V.1-    1972-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 24,211,1980

   IARC Cancer Review:Group 3
   IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement.  (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49
   Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)  No.1-    1979-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   7,330,1987

   TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
   CLPTAT Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (St. Louis).  (C.V. Mosby Co.,
   11830 Westline Industrial Dr., St. Louis, MO 63146)  V.1-    1960-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,480,1964

   TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
   ADVPA3 Advances in Pharmacology.  (New York, NY)  V.1-6, 1962-68.  For
   publisher information, see AVPCAQ.  Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,263,1966

         *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA ***

NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA :
   NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974)
     NOHS Hazard Code - 84711
       No. of Facilities: 68 (estimated)
       No. of Industries: 1
       No. of Occupations: 6
       No. of Employees: 2770 (estimated)
   
   NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983)
     NOES Hazard Code - 84711
       No. of Facilities: 142 (estimated)
       No. of Industries: 2
       No. of Occupations: 10
       No. of Employees: 5611 (estimated)
       No. of Female Employees: 2414 (estimated)

                          *** STATUS IN U.S. ***
 
   EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat
   
   EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: Aspergillus-aneuploidy
   
   EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
   
   NCI Carcinogenesis Bioassay (feed);clear evidence:mouse,rat
   NCITR* National Cancer Institute Carcinogenesis Technical Report Series.
   (Bethesda, MD)  No.0-205. For publisher information, see NTPTR*.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: NCI-TR-193,80

   NTP 7th Annual Report on Carcinogens, 1992 : anticipated to be carcinogen

 
                            *** END OF RECORD ***