*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION ***

RTECS NUMBER            : CU4375000
CHEMICAL NAME           : Benzaldehyde
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER     : 100-52-7
LAST UPDATED            : 199712
DATA ITEMS CITED        : 35
MOLECULAR FORMULA       : C7-H6-O
MOLECULAR WEIGHT        : 106.13
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : VHR
COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR     : Agricultural Chemical
                          Tumorigen
                          Drug
                          Mutagen
                          Primary Irritant
SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES :
   * Almond artificial essential oil
   * Artificial almond oil
   * Artificial essential oil of almond
   * Benzaldehyde FFC
   * Benzene carbaldehyde
   * Benzenecarbonal
   * Benzoic aldehyde
   * NCI-C56133
   * Phenylmethanal
 
                       *** HEALTH HAZARD DATA ***
 
                      ** SKIN/EYE IRRITATION DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION           : 500 mg/24H
REACTION SEVERITY       : Moderate
REFERENCE :
   FCTXAV Food and Cosmetics Toxicology.  (London, UK)  V.1-19, 1963-81.  For
   publisher information, see FCTOD7.  Volume(issue)/page/year: 14,693,1976
 
                        ** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 1300 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
   Behavioral - coma
REFERENCE :
   FCTXAV Food and Cosmetics Toxicology.  (London, UK)  V.1-19, 1963-81.  For
   publisher information, see FCTOD7.  Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,327,1964
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LC - Lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : >500 mg/m3
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - conjunctive irritation
   Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
REFERENCE :
   GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya.  Labor Hygiene and
   Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)
   V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 18(11),40,1974
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 5 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
REFERENCE :
   AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans
   Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium)  V.4-   
   1898-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 27,163,1922
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 28 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
   Behavioral - tremor
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
REFERENCE :
   EJTXAZ European Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Hygiene.  (Paris,
   France)  V.7-9, 1974-76. For publisher information, see TOERD9.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,99,1976
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LC - Lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : >500 mg/m3
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - conjunctive irritation
   Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
REFERENCE :
   GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya.  Labor Hygiene and
   Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)
   V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 18(11),40,1974
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 9 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
   Behavioral - tremor
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
REFERENCE :
   EJTXAZ European Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Hygiene.  (Paris,
   France)  V.7-9, 1974-76. For publisher information, see TOERD9.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,99,1976
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION           : 5 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   FCTXAV Food and Cosmetics Toxicology.  (London, UK)  V.1-19, 1963-81.  For
   publisher information, see FCTOD7.  Volume(issue)/page/year: 14,693,1976
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION           : 1 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - tremor
   Gastrointestinal - ulceration or bleeding from small intestine
   Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - urine volume increased
REFERENCE :
   FCTXAV Food and Cosmetics Toxicology.  (London, UK)  V.1-19, 1963-81.  For
   publisher information, see FCTOD7.  Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,327,1964
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Mammal - species unspecified
DOSE/DURATION           : 2020 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya.  For English translation, see HYSAAV.  (V/O
   Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)  V.1-    1936-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 39(4),86,1974
 
                 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 9600 mg/kg/16D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Related to Chronic Data - death
REFERENCE :
   NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series.  (Research
   Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206-  Volume(issue)/page/year: NTP-TR-378,1990
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 52 gm/kg/13W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes
   Liver - fatty liver degeneration
   Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure,
   acute tubular necrosis)
REFERENCE :
   NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series.  (Research
   Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206-  Volume(issue)/page/year: NTP-TR-378,1990
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 500 ppm/6H/14D-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Liver - changes in liver weight
   Blood - changes in other cell count (unspecified)
   Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
   AIHAAP American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal.  (AIHA, 475 Wolf
   Ledges Pkwy., Akron, OH 44311)  V.19-    1958-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   52,503,1991
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 26 mg/m3/5H/17W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Blood - changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count
   Blood - changes in leukocyte (WBC) count
   Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
   GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya.  Labor Hygiene and
   Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)
   V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 18(11),40,1974
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 9600 mg/kg/16D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Related to Chronic Data - death
REFERENCE :
   NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series.  (Research
   Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206-  Volume(issue)/page/year: NTP-TR-378,1990
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 78 gm/kg/13W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure,
   acute tubular necrosis)
   Related to Chronic Data - death
REFERENCE :
   NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series.  (Research
   Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206-  Volume(issue)/page/year: NTP-TR-378,1990
 
                          ** TUMORIGENIC DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 154 gm/kg/2Y-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria
   Gastrointestinal - tumors
REFERENCE :
   NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series.  (Research
   Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206-  Volume(issue)/page/year: NTP-TR-378,1990
 
                            ** MUTATION DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Sister chromatid exchange
TEST SYSTEM             : Human Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION           : 1 mmol/L
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 206,17,1988
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Specific locus test
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - mouse Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION           : 400 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis.  (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E.
   11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.10-    1987-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   17,196,1991
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Mutation in mammalian somatic cells
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - mouse Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION           : 400 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series.  (Research
   Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206-  Volume(issue)/page/year: NTP-TR-378,1990
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Cytogenetic analysis
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - hamster Lung
DOSE/DURATION           : 1 gm/L
REFERENCE :
   ESKHA5 Eisei Shikenjo Hokoku.  Bulletin of the Institute of Hygienic
   Sciences.  (Kokuritsu Eisei Shikenjo Kagaku, 18-1 Bushitsu Johobu,
   Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158, Japan)  V.1-    1886-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   (103),64,1985
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Sister chromatid exchange
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - hamster Ovary
DOSE/DURATION           : 50 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis.  (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E.
   11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.10-    1987-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   10(Suppl 10),1,1987

                    *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS ***
 
   EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION
   FEREAC Federal Register.  (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of
   Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1-    1936-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   54,7740,1989

                    *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS ***
 
   OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 5 mg/m3;STEL 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993
   
   OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993

         *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA ***

NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA :
   NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974)
     NOHS Hazard Code - 84494
       No. of Facilities: 1409 (estimated)
       No. of Industries: 18
       No. of Occupations: 43
       No. of Employees: 15976 (estimated)
   
   NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983)
     NOES Hazard Code - 84494
       No. of Facilities: 3776 (estimated)
       No. of Industries: 31
       No. of Occupations: 58
       No. of Employees: 67721 (estimated)
       No. of Female Employees: 27021 (estimated)

                          *** STATUS IN U.S. ***
 
   EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: N crassa-reversion
   
   EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
   
   EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
   
   On EPA IRIS database
   
   EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JUNE 1998
   
   NIOSH Analytical Method, 1996: Volatile organic compound, 2549
   
   NTP Carcinogenesis Studies (gavage);some evidence:mouse
   NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series.  (Research
   Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206-  Volume(issue)/page/year: NTP-TR-378,90

   NTP Carcinogenesis Studies (gavage);no evidence:rat
   NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series.  (Research
   Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206-  Volume(issue)/page/year: NTP-TR-378,90

 
                            *** END OF RECORD ***