*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION ***
RTECS NUMBER : CZ1050000
CHEMICAL NAME : Benzene, 1-chloro-4-nitro-
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 100-00-5
LAST UPDATED : 199712
DATA ITEMS CITED : 56
MOLECULAR FORMULA : C6-H4-Cl-N-O2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT : 157.56
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : WNR DG
COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR : Tumorigen
Mutagen
Reproductive Effector
SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES :
* 1-Chloor-4-nitrobenzeen
* 1-Chlor-4-nitrobenzol
* p-Chloronitrobenzene
* 1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene
* 4-Chloronitrobenzene
* 4-Chloro-1-nitrobenzene
* 1-Cloro-4-nitrobenzene
* p-Nitrochloorbenzeen
* p-Nitrochlorobenzene
* 4-Nitro-1-chlorobenzene
* p-Nitrochlorobenzol
* p-Nitroclorobenzene
* PNCB
*** HEALTH HAZARD DATA ***
** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 420 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
Liver - fatty liver degeneration
Blood - methemoglobinemia-carboxyhemoglobin
REFERENCE :
AGGHAR Archiv fuer Gewerbepathologie und Gewerbehygiene. (Berlin, Ger.)
V.1-18, 1930-61. For publisher information, see IAEHDW.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,217,1959
TYPE OF TEST : LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 16100 mg/m3/4H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
85INA8 "Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values and Biological Exposure
Indices," 5th ed., Cincinnati, OH, American Conference of Governmental
Industrial Hygienists, Inc., 1986 Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,1100,1991
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 16 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - food intake (animal)
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure,
acute tubular necrosis)
Blood - methemoglobinemia-carboxyhemoglobin
REFERENCE :
AGGHAR Archiv fuer Gewerbepathologie und Gewerbehygiene. (Berlin, Ger.)
V.1-18, 1930-61. For publisher information, see IAEHDW.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,217,1959
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 420 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
Behavioral - ataxia
Blood - methemoglobinemia-carboxyhemoglobin
REFERENCE :
AGGHAR Archiv fuer Gewerbepathologie und Gewerbehygiene. (Berlin, Ger.)
V.1-18, 1930-61. For publisher information, see IAEHDW.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,217,1959
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 440 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
85GMAT "Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single
Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects,
GKNT, 1982 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,92,1982
TYPE OF TEST : LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION : 25 ppm/7H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
IMSUAI Industrial Medicine and Surgery. (Northbrook, IL) V.18-42, 1949-73.
For publisher information, see IOHSA5. Volume(issue)/page/year:
19,317,1950
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 3040 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series. (Research
Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206- Volume(issue)/page/year: NIH-93-3382
** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 1350 mg/kg/2W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
Related to Chronic Data - death
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: OTS0533716
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 3640 mg/kg/2Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Blood - methemoglobinemia-carboxyhemoglobin
Blood - changes in spleen
Endocrine - changes in spleen weight
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: OTS0526382
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 46 mg/m3/6H/4W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Endocrine - changes in spleen weight
Blood - methemoglobinemia-carboxyhemoglobin
Blood - changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count
REFERENCE :
FAATDF Fundamental and Applied Toxicology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year:
6,618,1986
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 3 ppm/6H/13W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - other changes
Blood - methemoglobinemia-carboxyhemoglobin
Blood - changes in platelet count
REFERENCE :
NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series. (Research
Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206- Volume(issue)/page/year: NIH-93-3382
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 1 gm/kg/10D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Blood - other changes
REFERENCE :
FATOAO Farmakologiya i Toksikologiya (Moscow). For English translation, see
PHTXA6 and RPTOAN. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.2-
1939- Volume(issue)/page/year: 35,108,1972
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 12 ppm/6H/13W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - changes in liver weight
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in bladder weight
Blood - changes in spleen
REFERENCE :
NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series. (Research
Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206- Volume(issue)/page/year: NIH-93-3382
** TUMORIGENIC DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 194 gm/kg/78W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
Vascular - tumors
Liver - tumors
REFERENCE :
JEPTDQ Journal of Environmental Pathology and Toxicology. (Park Forest
South, IL) V.1-5(3), 1977-81(?). For publisher information, see JEPOEC.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 2(2),325,1978
TYPE OF TEST : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 390 gm/kg/78W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
Vascular - tumors
Liver - tumors
REFERENCE :
JEPTDQ Journal of Environmental Pathology and Toxicology. (Park Forest
South, IL) V.1-5(3), 1977-81(?). For publisher information, see JEPOEC.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 2(2),325,1978
** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 24 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION : male 13 week(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material,
sperm morphology, motility, and count)
REFERENCE :
NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series. (Research
Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206- Volume(issue)/page/year: NIH-93-3382
** MUTATION DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM : Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium
DOSE/DURATION : 819 ug/plate
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 116,217,1983
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM : Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium
DOSE/DURATION : 100 ug/plate
REFERENCE :
ENMUDM Environmental Mutagenesis. (New York, NY) V.1-9, 1979-87. For
publisher information, see EMMUEG. Volume(issue)/page/year: 5(Suppl
1),3,1983
TYPE OF TEST : DNA damage
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - rat Liver
DOSE/DURATION : 5 umol/L
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 131,215,1984
TYPE OF TEST : DNA damage
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 60 mg/kg
REFERENCE :
BSIBAC Bolletino della Societe Italiana di Biologia Sperimentale. (Casa
Editrice Idelson, Via A. de Gasperi, 55, 80133 Naples, Italy) V.2- 1927-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 56,1680,1980
TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Ovary
DOSE/DURATION : 600 mg/L
REFERENCE :
EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E.
11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year:
10(Suppl 10),1,1987
TYPE OF TEST : Sister chromatid exchange
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Ovary
DOSE/DURATION : 250 mg/L
REFERENCE :
EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E.
11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year:
10(Suppl 10),1,1987
*** REVIEWS ***
ACGIH TLV-Animal carcinogen
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
(BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year:
TLV/BEI,1997
ACGIH TLV-TWA 0.64 mg/m3 (0.1 ppm) (skin)
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
(BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year:
TLV/BEI,1997
IARC Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 65,263,1996
IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 65,263,1996
IARC Cancer Review:Group 3
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 65,263,1996
*** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS ***
MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 1 mg/m3 (skin)
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
(BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year:
3,184,1971
OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 1 mg/m3 (skin)
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year:
29,1910.1000,1994
OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 1 mg/m3 (skin)
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year:
29,1926.55,1994
OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 1 mg/m3 (skin)
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year:
29,1915.1000,1993
OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 1 mg/m3 (skin)
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year:
41,50-204.50,1994
*** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS ***
OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 0.1 ppm (0.6 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993
OEL-AUSTRIA:TWA 1 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 0.1 ppm (0.64 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993
OEL-DENMARK:TWA 1 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-FINLAND:TWA 1 mg/m3;STEL 3 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-GERMANY:TWA 1 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 1 mg/m3;STEL 2 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-JAPAN:TWA 0.1 ppm (0.64 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993
OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 1 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 1 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-POLAND:TWA 1 mg/m3 JAN 1993
OEL-RUSSIA:TWA 0.1 ppm;STEL 1 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 1 mg/m3;STEL 2 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 1 mg/m3;STEL 2 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV
OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
*** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA ***
NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) :
NIOSH REL TO p-NITROCHLOROBENZENE-air:CA lowest feasible conc. (Sk)
REFERENCE :
NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of
Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992
NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA :
NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983)
NOES Hazard Code - 50775
No. of Facilities: 30 (estimated)
No. of Industries: 4
No. of Occupations: 20
No. of Employees: 2948 (estimated)
No. of Female Employees: 401 (estimated)
*** STATUS IN U.S. ***
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA Section 8(e) Risk Notification, 8EHQ-0892-9003;8EHQ-0892-9298
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JUNE 1998
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Nitrobenzenes, 2005
NTP Toxicity studies, RPT# TOX-33, October 1997
*** END OF RECORD ***