*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION ***

RTECS NUMBER            : DD1225000
CHEMICAL NAME           : Benzidine, 3,3'-dimethyl-
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER     : 119-93-7
BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. : 2210640
REFERENCE               : 4-13-00-00419 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
LAST UPDATED            : 199712
DATA ITEMS CITED        : 49
MOLECULAR FORMULA       : C14-H16-N2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT        : 212.32
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : ZR B1 DR DZ C1
COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR     : Tumorigen
                          Mutagen
SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES :
   * Bianisidine
   * (1,1'-Biphenyl)-4,4'-diamine-3,3'-dimethyl-
   * 4,4'-Bi-o-toluidine
   * C.I. 37230
   * C.I. Azoic Diazo Component 113
   * 4,4'-Diamino-3,3'-dimethylbiphenyl
   * 4,4'-Diamino-3,3'-dimethyldiphenyl
   * Diaminoditolyl
   * 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidin
   * 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine
   * 3,3'-Dimethyl-4,4'-biphenyldiamine
   * 3,3'-Dimethylbiphenyl-4,4'-diamine
   * 3,3'-Dimethyl-4,4'-diphenyldiamine
   * 3,3'-Dimethyldiphenyl-4,4'-diamine
   * 4,4'-Di-o-toluidine
   * Fast Dark Blue Base R
   * RCRA waste number U095
   * o-Tolidin
   * 2-Tolidin
   * 2-Tolidina
   * Tolidine
   * o-Tolidine
   * o,o'-Tolidine
   * 2-Tolidine
   * 3,3'-Tolidine
   * o-Tolidine
 
                       *** HEALTH HAZARD DATA ***
 
                        ** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 125 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   CBCCT* "Summary Tables of Biological Tests," National Research Council
   Chemical-Biological Coordination Center.  (National Academy of Science
   Library, 2101 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20418)
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,64,1954
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION           : 600 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   AEXPBL Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie.  (Leipzig,
   Ger. Dem. Rep.)  V.1-109, 1873-1925.  For publisher information, see NSAPCC.
    Volume(issue)/page/year: 58,167,1907
 
                          ** TUMORIGENIC DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 4500 mg/kg/27D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
   Skin and Appendages - tumors
REFERENCE :
   CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut
   Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106)  V.1-    1941-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   28,924,1968
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 1650 mg/kg/33W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
   Skin and Appendages - tumors
REFERENCE :
   VOONAW Voprosy Onkologii.  Problems of Oncology.  For English translation,
   see PONCAU. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)  V.1-10,
   1928-37; V.1-    1955-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 20(2),53,1974
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Implant
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 5040 mg/kg/1Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
   Liver - tumors
   Skin and Appendages - tumors
REFERENCE :
   JNCIAM Journal of the National Cancer Institute.  (Washington, DC)  V.1-60,
   1940-78.  For publisher information, see JJIND8.  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   45,283,1970
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 9 gm/kg/51W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
   Sense Organs and Special Senses (Ear) - effect, not otherwise specified
REFERENCE :
   CANCAR Cancer (Philadelphia).  (Lippincott/Harper, Journal Fulfillment
   Dept., 2350 Virginia Ave., Hagerstown, MD 21740)  V.1-    1948-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,789,1950
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 5040 mg/kg/56W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
   Sense Organs and Special Senses (Ear) - effect, not otherwise specified
   Endocrine - tumors
REFERENCE :
   GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya.  Labor Hygiene and
   Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)
   V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 9(7),18,1965
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 3240 mg/kg/34W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
   Endocrine - tumors
   Skin and Appendages - tumors
REFERENCE :
   JNCIAM Journal of the National Cancer Institute.  (Washington, DC)  V.1-60,
   1940-78.  For publisher information, see JJIND8.  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   45,283,1970
 
                            ** MUTATION DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM             : Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium
DOSE/DURATION           : 100 nmol/plate
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 136,33,1984
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM             : Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium
DOSE/DURATION           : 4 ug/plate
REFERENCE :
   BJCAAI British Journal of Cancer.  (Macmillan Press Ltd., Houndmills,
   Basingstoke, Hants. RG21 2XS, UK)  V.1-    1947-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   37,873,1978
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Unscheduled DNA synthesis
TEST SYSTEM             : Human HeLa cell
DOSE/DURATION           : 1 umol/L
REFERENCE :
   CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut
   Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106)  V.1-    1941-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   38,2621,1978
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Morphological transformation
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - rat Embryo
DOSE/DURATION           : 5 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   JNCIAM Journal of the National Cancer Institute.  (Washington, DC)  V.1-60,
   1940-78.  For publisher information, see JJIND8.  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   51,799,1973
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Unscheduled DNA synthesis
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - rat Liver
DOSE/DURATION           : 1 umol/L
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 136,255,1984
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Body fluid assay
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - rat Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium
DOSE/DURATION           : 10 ug/plate
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 79,173,1980
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - mouse Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION           : 105 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis.  (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E.
   11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.10-    1987-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   12(Suppl 13),37,1988
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Morphological transformation
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - mouse Embryo
DOSE/DURATION           : 1 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   JNCIAM Journal of the National Cancer Institute.  (Washington, DC)  V.1-60,
   1940-78.  For publisher information, see JJIND8.  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   52,1167,1974
 
TYPE OF TEST            : DNA inhibition
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 100 mg/kg
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 46,305,1977
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 100 mg/kg
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 319,19,1993
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Cytogenetic analysis
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 100 mg/kg
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 319,19,1993
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Mutation in mammalian somatic cells
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - mouse Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION           : 26 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis.  (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E.
   11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.10-    1987-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   12(Suppl 13),37,1988
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Morphological transformation
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - hamster Kidney
DOSE/DURATION           : 80 ug/L
REFERENCE :
   BJCAAI British Journal of Cancer.  (Macmillan Press Ltd., Houndmills,
   Basingstoke, Hants. RG21 2XS, UK)  V.1-    1947-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   37,873,1978
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Unscheduled DNA synthesis
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - hamster Liver
DOSE/DURATION           : 1 umol/L
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 136,255,1984
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Cytogenetic analysis
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - hamster Ovary
DOSE/DURATION           : 450 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis.  (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E.
   11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.10-    1987-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   10(Suppl 10),1,1987
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Sister chromatid exchange
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - hamster Ovary
DOSE/DURATION           : 5 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis.  (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E.
   11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.10-    1987-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   10(Suppl 10),1,1987
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Sister chromatid exchange
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Parenteral
TEST SYSTEM             : Bird - chicken
DOSE/DURATION           : 169 ug/kg
REFERENCE :
   47JMAE "Cytogenetic Assays of Environmental Mutagens,"  Hsu, T.C., ed.,
   Totowa, NJ, Allanheld, Osmun & Co., 1982  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   -,137,1982
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Sister chromatid exchange
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - rabbit Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION           : 50 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 89,197,1981

                              *** REVIEWS ***
 
   ACGIH TLV-Animal carcinogen, NO TWA (skin)
   DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
   (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
   Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   TLV/BEI,1997

   IARC Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence
   IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
   to Man.  (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
   V.1-    1972-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,87,1972

   IARC Cancer Review:Human No Adequate Data
   IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
   to Man.  (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
   V.1-    1972-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,87,1972

   IARC Cancer Review:Group 2B
   IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement.  (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49
   Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)  No.1-    1979-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   7,56,1987

                    *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS ***
 
   OEL-AUSTRALIA;Skin;Carcinogen JAN 1993
   
   OEL-FINLAND;Carcinogen JAN 1993
   
   OEL-FRANCE;Carcinogen JAN 1993
   
   OEL-GERMANY;Carcinogen JAN 1993
   
   OEL-SWITZERLAND;Carcinogen JAN 1993
   
   OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV
   
   OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV

         *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA ***

NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) :
   NIOSH REL TO o-TOLIDINE-air:CA CL 0.02 mg/m3/60M
REFERENCE :
   NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of
   Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992

NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA :
   NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974)
     NOHS Hazard Code - 84756
       No. of Facilities: 11 (estimated)
       No. of Industries: 1
       No. of Occupations: 5
       No. of Employees: 421 (estimated)
   
   NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983)
     NOES Hazard Code - 84756
       No. of Facilities: 854 (estimated)
       No. of Industries: 8
       No. of Occupations: 20
       No. of Employees: 9640 (estimated)
       No. of Female Employees: 6005 (estimated)

                          *** STATUS IN U.S. ***
 
   EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat
   
   EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Cell transform.-RLV F344 rat embryo
   
   EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Mammalian micronucleus; Histidine
   reversion-Ames test
   
   EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: In vitro UDS-human fibroblast
   
   EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
   
   On EPA IRIS database
   
   EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JUNE 1998
   
   NTP 7th Annual Report on Carcinogens, 1992 : anticipated to be carcinogen
   
   OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #ID-71

 
                            *** END OF RECORD ***