*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION ***
RTECS NUMBER : DL0310000
CHEMICAL NAME : 1,5-Benzothiazepin-4(5H)-one,
2,3-dihydro-3-(acetyloxy)-5-(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)-
2-(4- methoxyphenyl)-, monohydrochloride, cis-(+)-
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 33286-22-5
LAST UPDATED : 199607
DATA ITEMS CITED : 37
MOLECULAR FORMULA : C22-H26-N2-O4-S.Cl-H
MOLECULAR WEIGHT : 451.02
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : T67 GNV KS&TJ G2N1&1 IOV1 JR DO1 &GH
COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR : Drug
Reproductive Effector
Human
SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES :
* Altiazem
* Anginyl
* Angizem
* Britiazim
* Bruzem
* Calcicard
* Cardizem
* CRD-401
* Dilpral
* Diltiazem chloridrate
* Diltiazem hydrochloride
* Dilzem
* Herbesser
* Masdil
* Tildiem
*** HEALTH HAZARD DATA ***
** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION : 21 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Cardiac - cardiomyopathy including infarction
Cardiac - pulse rate
Vascular - BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section
REFERENCE :
PGMJAO Postgraduate Medical Journal. (Blackwell Scientific Pub. Ltd., POB
88, Oxford, UK) V.1- 1925- Volume(issue)/page/year: 69,474,1993
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION : 3429 ug/kg/2D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, other (after systemic exposure)
REFERENCE :
LANCAO Lancet. (7 Adam St., London WC2N 6AD, UK) V.1- 1823-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 341,967,1993
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION : 8400 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Cardiac - pulse rate
Vascular - BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section
REFERENCE :
AEMED3 Annals of Emergency Medicine. (American College of Emergency
Physicians, 1125 Executive Circle, Irving, TX 75038)
Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,196,1993
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION : 18 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Cardiac - cardiomyopathy including infarction
Cardiac - pulse rate
Vascular - BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section
REFERENCE :
JTCTDW Journal of Toxicology, Clinical Toxicology. (Marcel Dekker, 270
Madison Ave., New York, NY 10016) V.19- 1982- Volume(issue)/page/year:
29,45,1991
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION : 120 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Cardiac - cardiomyopathy including infarction
REFERENCE :
HETOEA Human & Experimental Toxicology. (Macmillan Press Ltd., Brunel Road,
Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG21 2XS, UK) V.9- 1990-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 13,161,1994
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION : 19 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, other (after systemic exposure)
REFERENCE :
PGMJAO Postgraduate Medical Journal. (Blackwell Scientific Pub. Ltd., POB
88, Oxford, UK) V.1- 1925- Volume(issue)/page/year: 64,467,1988
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION : 36 mg/kg/13D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post-necrotic scarring)
REFERENCE :
GASTAB Gastroenterology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN
55802) V.1- 1943- Volume(issue)/page/year: 88,1260,1985
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION : 18 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
Vascular - BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section
Skin and Appendages - sweating
REFERENCE :
JTCTDW Journal of Toxicology, Clinical Toxicology. (Marcel Dekker, 270
Madison Ave., New York, NY 10016) V.19- 1982- Volume(issue)/page/year:
29,45,1991
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION : 7200 ug/kg/2D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions
Behavioral - toxic psychosis
REFERENCE :
JRSMD9 Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. (Oxford Univ. Press,
Walton St., Oxford OX2 6DP, UK) V.71- 1978- Volume(issue)/page/year:
81,296,1988
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION : 7200 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions
Behavioral - toxic psychosis
REFERENCE :
JRSMD9 Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. (Oxford Univ. Press,
Walton St., Oxford OX2 6DP, UK) V.71- 1978- Volume(issue)/page/year:
81,296,1988
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 560 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - antipsychotic
REFERENCE :
JJPAAZ Japanese Journal of Pharmacology. (Japanese Pharmacological Soc.,
c/o Dept. of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto Univ., Sakyo-ku, Kyoto
606, Japan) V.1- 1951- Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,467,1972
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 520 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - antipsychotic
REFERENCE :
JJPAAZ Japanese Journal of Pharmacology. (Japanese Pharmacological Soc.,
c/o Dept. of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto Univ., Sakyo-ku, Kyoto
606, Japan) V.1- 1951- Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,467,1972
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 38 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex)
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
Behavioral - tetany
REFERENCE :
JMGZAI Japan Medical Gazette. (Tokyo, Japan) V.1-18(?), 1964-81.
Discontinued. Volume(issue)/page/year: 11(1),12,1974
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 508 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
JMCMAR Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. (American Chemical Soc.,
Distribution Office Dept. 223, POB POB 57136, West End Stn., Washington, DC
20037) V.6- 1963- Volume(issue)/page/year: 33,2192,1990
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 177 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
JMCMAR Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. (American Chemical Soc.,
Distribution Office Dept. 223, POB POB 57136, West End Stn., Washington, DC
20037) V.6- 1963- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,820,1986
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 260 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - antipsychotic
REFERENCE :
JJPAAZ Japanese Journal of Pharmacology. (Japanese Pharmacological Soc.,
c/o Dept. of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto Univ., Sakyo-ku, Kyoto
606, Japan) V.1- 1951- Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,467,1972
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 58 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - antipsychotic
REFERENCE :
JJPAAZ Japanese Journal of Pharmacology. (Japanese Pharmacological Soc.,
c/o Dept. of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto Univ., Sakyo-ku, Kyoto
606, Japan) V.1- 1951- Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,467,1972
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION : 40 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex)
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting
REFERENCE :
KSRNAM Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. (Yubunsha Co., Ltd., 1-5, Kanda
Suda-Cho, Chiyoda-ku, KS Bldg., Tokyo 101, Japan) V.1- 1960-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 21,4843,1987
** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 45500 mg/kg/26W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue
levels - transaminases
Related to Chronic Data - death
REFERENCE :
OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180,
Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,757,1974
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 1638 mg/kg/13W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
Endocrine - changes in adrenal weight
Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, other (after systemic exposure)
REFERENCE :
KSRNAM Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. (Yubunsha Co., Ltd., 1-5, Kanda
Suda-Cho, Chiyoda-ku, KS Bldg., Tokyo 101, Japan) V.1- 1960-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 21,4851,1987
** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 1200 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 9-14 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Maternal Effects - parturition
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
REFERENCE :
KSRNAM Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. (Yubunsha Co., Ltd., 1-5, Kanda
Suda-Cho, Chiyoda-ku, KS Bldg., Tokyo 101, Japan) V.1- 1960-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,3401,1974
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 60 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 9-14 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - live birth index (measured after birth)
REFERENCE :
KSRNAM Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. (Yubunsha Co., Ltd., 1-5, Kanda
Suda-Cho, Chiyoda-ku, KS Bldg., Tokyo 101, Japan) V.1- 1960-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,3401,1974
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 700 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 15-21 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - stillbirth
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight
gain)
REFERENCE :
KSRNAM Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. (Yubunsha Co., Ltd., 1-5, Kanda
Suda-Cho, Chiyoda-ku, KS Bldg., Tokyo 101, Japan) V.1- 1960-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,3401,1974
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 600 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 11 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
e.g., stunted fetus)
REFERENCE :
KSRNAM Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. (Yubunsha Co., Ltd., 1-5, Kanda
Suda-Cho, Chiyoda-ku, KS Bldg., Tokyo 101, Japan) V.1- 1960-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,3401,1974
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 480 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 9-14 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
e.g., stunted fetus)
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - other developmental
abnormalities
REFERENCE :
OFAJAE Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica. (Keio Univ., School of Medicine,
Dept. of Anatomy, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160, Japan) V.14-
1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 52,103,1975
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 80 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 13 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or
resorbed implants per total number of implants)
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
OFAJAE Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica. (Keio Univ., School of Medicine,
Dept. of Anatomy, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160, Japan) V.14-
1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 52,103,1975
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 130 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 17-21 day(s) after conception
lactating female 21 day(s) post-birth
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - stillbirth
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight
gain)
REFERENCE :
KSRNAM Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. (Yubunsha Co., Ltd., 1-5, Kanda
Suda-Cho, Chiyoda-ku, KS Bldg., Tokyo 101, Japan) V.1- 1960-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 21,4869,1987
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 378 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 14 day(s) pre-mating
female 1-7 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - other measures of fertility
REFERENCE :
KSRNAM Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. (Yubunsha Co., Ltd., 1-5, Kanda
Suda-Cho, Chiyoda-ku, KS Bldg., Tokyo 101, Japan) V.1- 1960-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 21,4857,1987
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 60 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 7-12 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured
before birth)
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
KSRNAM Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. (Yubunsha Co., Ltd., 1-5, Kanda
Suda-Cho, Chiyoda-ku, KS Bldg., Tokyo 101, Japan) V.1- 1960-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,3401,1974
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 25 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
e.g., stunted fetus)
REFERENCE :
KSRNAM Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. (Yubunsha Co., Ltd., 1-5, Kanda
Suda-Cho, Chiyoda-ku, KS Bldg., Tokyo 101, Japan) V.1- 1960-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,3401,1974
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 100 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - sex ratio
REFERENCE :
KSRNAM Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. (Yubunsha Co., Ltd., 1-5, Kanda
Suda-Cho, Chiyoda-ku, KS Bldg., Tokyo 101, Japan) V.1- 1960-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,3401,1974
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 25 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 10 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
REFERENCE :
KSRNAM Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. (Yubunsha Co., Ltd., 1-5, Kanda
Suda-Cho, Chiyoda-ku, KS Bldg., Tokyo 101, Japan) V.1- 1960-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,3401,1974
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 12500 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 11 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or
resorbed implants per total number of implants)
REFERENCE :
OFAJAE Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica. (Keio Univ., School of Medicine,
Dept. of Anatomy, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160, Japan) V.14-
1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 52,103,1975
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 25 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
OFAJAE Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica. (Keio Univ., School of Medicine,
Dept. of Anatomy, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160, Japan) V.14-
1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 52,103,1975
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 50 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
e.g., stunted fetus)
REFERENCE :
OFAJAE Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica. (Keio Univ., School of Medicine,
Dept. of Anatomy, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160, Japan) V.14-
1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 52,103,1975
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 50 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 13 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - other developmental
abnormalities
REFERENCE :
OFAJAE Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica. (Keio Univ., School of Medicine,
Dept. of Anatomy, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160, Japan) V.14-
1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 52,103,1975
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE : 125 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 7-16 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or
resorbed implants per total number of implants)
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - eye/ear
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
OFAJAE Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica. (Keio Univ., School of Medicine,
Dept. of Anatomy, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160, Japan) V.14-
1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 52,103,1975
*** END OF RECORD ***