*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION ***
RTECS NUMBER : DS8150000
CHEMICAL NAME : Betel nut
LAST UPDATED : 199610
DATA ITEMS CITED : 19
COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR : Tumorigen
Mutagen
Reproductive Effector
Natural Product
SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES :
* Areca catechu Linn., nut extract
* BN
* Pinang
* Poogiphalam, nut extract
* Supari, nut extract
*** HEALTH HAZARD DATA ***
** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 681 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Vascular - other changes
REFERENCE :
IJEBA6 Indian Journal of Experimental Biology. (Publications & Information
Directorate, CSIR, Hillside Rd., New Delhi 110 012, India) V.1- 1963-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 18,594,1980
** TUMORIGENIC DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 2016 mg/kg/42W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria
Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application
REFERENCE :
JNCIAM Journal of the National Cancer Institute. (Washington, DC) V.1-60,
1940-78. For publisher information, see JJIND8. Volume(issue)/page/year:
60,683,1978
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 340 gm/kg/17W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - bronchiogenic carcinoma
Gastrointestinal - colon tumors
REFERENCE :
BJCAAI British Journal of Cancer. (Macmillan Press Ltd., Houndmills,
Basingstoke, Hants. RG21 2XS, UK) V.1- 1947- Volume(issue)/page/year:
40,922,1979
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 1728 mg/kg/13W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
Liver - tumors
REFERENCE :
IJEBA6 Indian Journal of Experimental Biology. (Publications & Information
Directorate, CSIR, Hillside Rd., New Delhi 110 012, India) V.1- 1963-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 18,1159,1980
TYPE OF TEST : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 48 gm/kg/5W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria
Skin and Appendages - tumors
REFERENCE :
IJCNAW International Journal of Cancer. (International Union Against
Cancer, 3 rue du Conseil- General, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland) V.1- 1966-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,469,1976
** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 3500 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 1-7 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in
number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea)
REFERENCE :
IJMRAQ Indian Journal of Medical Research. (Indian Council of Medical
Research, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110 029, India) V.1- 1913-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 59,302,1971
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 1750 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 1-7 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - female fertility index (e.g. # females pregnant
per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # females mated)
REFERENCE :
PLMEAA Planta Medica. (Georg Thieme Verlag, Postfach 732, D-7000 Stuttgart
1, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1953- Volume(issue)/page/year: 26,391,1974
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 400 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
e.g., stunted fetus)
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
TXCYAC Toxicology. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland, Ltd., POB 85,
Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1973- Volume(issue)/page/year: 37,315,1985
** MUTATION DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : DNA adduct
TEST SYSTEM : Fish - not otherwise specified Sperm
DOSE/DURATION : 1 gm/L
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 367,25,1996
TYPE OF TEST : DNA damage
TEST SYSTEM : Human Cells - not otherwise specified
DOSE/DURATION : 50 ug/tube
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 278,271,1992
TYPE OF TEST : Micronucleus test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 1600 mg/kg
REFERENCE :
CRNGDP Carcinogenesis (London). (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House,
Southfield Road, Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK) V.1- 1980-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,501,1984
TYPE OF TEST : Morphological transformation
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse Fibroblast
DOSE/DURATION : 600 mg/L
REFERENCE :
CALEDQ Cancer Letters (Shannon, Ireland). (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland
Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1975- Volume(issue)/page/year:
45,71,1989
TYPE OF TEST : DNA damage
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse Leukocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 300 mg/L
REFERENCE :
CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut
Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941- Volume(issue)/page/year:
49,5294,1989
TYPE OF TEST : Sister chromatid exchange
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 62500 ug/kg/5D (Continuous)
REFERENCE :
CRNGDP Carcinogenesis (London). (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House,
Southfield Road, Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK) V.1- 1980-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,37,1986
TYPE OF TEST : DNA damage
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Ovary
DOSE/DURATION : 200 mg/L
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 367,25,1996
TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Ovary
DOSE/DURATION : 5 gm/L
REFERENCE :
CALEDQ Cancer Letters (Shannon, Ireland). (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland
Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1975- Volume(issue)/page/year:
45,71,1989
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in mammalian somatic cells
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Lung
DOSE/DURATION : 5 mg/L
REFERENCE :
CRNGDP Carcinogenesis (London). (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House,
Southfield Road, Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK) V.1- 1980-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,501,1984
*** REVIEWS ***
IARC Cancer Review:Animal Limited Evidence
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 37,141,1985
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
CTRRDO Cancer Treatment Reports. (Washington, DC) V.60-71, 1976-87. For
publisher information, see JNCIEQ. Volume(issue)/page/year: 60,1171,1976
*** END OF RECORD ***