*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION ***

RTECS NUMBER            : DU8050000
CHEMICAL NAME           : Biphenyl
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER     : 92-52-4
LAST UPDATED            : 199806
DATA ITEMS CITED        : 64
MOLECULAR FORMULA       : C12-H10
MOLECULAR WEIGHT        : 154.22
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : RR
COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR     : Agricultural Chemical
                          Tumorigen
                          Mutagen
                          Human
                          Primary Irritant
SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES :
   * Bibenzene
   * 1,1'-Biphenyl
   * Biphenyl
   * Carolid AL
   * CP 390
   * Diphenyl
   * Lemonene
   * MCS 1572
   * Phenador-X
   * Phenylbenzene
   * PHPH
   * Tetrosin LY
   * Xenene
 
                       *** HEALTH HAZARD DATA ***
 
                      ** SKIN/EYE IRRITATION DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION           : 500 uL/24H
REACTION SEVERITY       : Severe
REFERENCE :
   NTIS** National Technical Information Service.  (Springfield, VA 22161)
   Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: OTS0546109
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION           : 100 mg
REACTION SEVERITY       : Mild
REFERENCE :
   MONS** Monsanto Co. Toxicity Information.  (Monsanto Industrial Chemicals
   Co., Bancroft Bldg., Suite 204, 3411 Silverside Rd., Wilmington, DE 19810)
 
                        ** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Human
DOSE/DURATION           : 4400 ug/m3
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - flaccid paralysis without anesthesia
   (usually neuromuscular blockage)
   Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting
   Gastrointestinal - other changes
REFERENCE :
   AEHLAU Archives of Environmental Health.  (Heldref Pub., 4000 Albemarle St.,
   NW, Washington, DC 20016)  V.1-    1960-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   26,70,1973
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 2140 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
   Behavioral - muscle weakness
   Gastrointestinal - alteration in gastric secretion
REFERENCE :
   NTIS** National Technical Information Service.  (Springfield, VA 22161)
   Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: OTS0546109
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LC - Lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : >200 mg/m3
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   MONS** Monsanto Co. Toxicity Information.  (Monsanto Industrial Chemicals
   Co., Bancroft Bldg., Suite 204, 3411 Silverside Rd., Wilmington, DE 19810)
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 4500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya.  For English translation, see HYSAAV.  (V/O
   Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)  V.1-    1936-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 53(5),6,1988
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 1900 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
   Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea
REFERENCE :
   SKEZAP Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi.  Food Hygiene Journal.  (Nippon Shokuhin
   Eisei Gakkai c/o Shokuhin Eisei Senta, 2-6-1 Jingumae, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo
   150, Japan)  V.1-    1960-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 24,268,1983
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 56 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   CSLNX* U.S. Army Armament Research & Development Command, Chemical Systems
   Laboratory, NIOSH Exchange Chemicals.  (Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010)
   Volume(issue)/page/year: NX#00198
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION           : >2600 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   85JFAN "Agrochemicals Handbook," with updates, Hartley, D., and H. Kidd,
   eds., Nottingham, Royal Soc. of Chemistry, 1983-86 Volume(issue)/page/year:
   A166,1983
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION           : 2400 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   NASDA6 Nagoya Shiritsu Daigaku Igakkai Zasshi.  Journal of the Nagoya City
   University Medical Association.  (Nagoya-shiritsu Daigaku Igakkai, 1
   Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467, Japan)  V.1-    1950-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 28,983,1977
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION           : >5010 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   MONS** Monsanto Co. Toxicity Information.  (Monsanto Industrial Chemicals
   Co., Bancroft Bldg., Suite 204, 3411 Silverside Rd., Wilmington, DE 19810)
 
                 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 3300 mg/kg/15D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in bladder weight
   Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)
   Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue
   levels - phosphatases
REFERENCE :
   TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology.  (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
   First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1-    1959-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   57,414,1981
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 41250 mg/kg/24W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure,
   acute tubular necrosis)
   Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - urine volume increased
REFERENCE :
   TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology.  (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
   First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1-    1959-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   3,560,1961
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 300 mg/m3/7H/94D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - effect, not otherwise
   specified
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - emphysema
   Related to Chronic Data - death
REFERENCE :
   JIHTAB Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology.  (Cambridge, MA)
   V.18-31, 1936-49.  For publisher information, see AEHLAU.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1,1947
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 150 mg/kg/3D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue
   levels - other Enzymes
REFERENCE :
   TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology.  (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
   First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1-    1959-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   33,94,1975
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 5 mg/m3/7H/92D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - emphysema
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - chronic pulmonary edema
   Related to Chronic Data - death
REFERENCE :
   JIHTAB Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology.  (Cambridge, MA)
   V.18-31, 1936-49.  For publisher information, see AEHLAU.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1,1947
 
                          ** TUMORIGENIC DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 56 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors
   Blood - tumors
REFERENCE :
   NTIS** National Technical Information Service.  (Springfield, VA 22161)
   Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: PB223-159
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 46 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors
   Liver - tumors
REFERENCE :
   NTIS** National Technical Information Service.  (Springfield, VA 22161)
   Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: PB223-159
 
                            ** MUTATION DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Unscheduled DNA synthesis
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 8400 mg/kg/4W (Continuous)
REFERENCE :
   TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology.  (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
   First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1-    1959-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   99,37,1989
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - mouse Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION           : 20 umol/L
REFERENCE :
   MUTAEX Mutagenesis. (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House, Southfield Road,
   Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK) V.1- 1986-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,193,1988
 
TYPE OF TEST            : DNA damage
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - mouse Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION           : 50 umol/L
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 203,155,1988
 
TYPE OF TEST            : DNA damage
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 2 gm/kg
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 395,189,1997
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Mutation in mammalian somatic cells
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - mouse Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION           : 296 umol/L
REFERENCE :
   MUTAEX Mutagenesis. (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House, Southfield Road,
   Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK) V.1- 1986-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,193,1988
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - hamster Lung
DOSE/DURATION           : 10 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 281,151,1992
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Cytogenetic analysis
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - hamster Lung
DOSE/DURATION           : 10 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   ESKHA5 Eisei Shikenjo Hokoku.  Bulletin of the Institute of Hygienic
   Sciences.  (Kokuritsu Eisei Shikenjo Kagaku, 18-1 Bushitsu Johobu,
   Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158, Japan)  V.1-    1886-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   (103),64,1985
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Sister chromatid exchange
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - hamster Fibroblast
DOSE/DURATION           : 100 umol/L
REFERENCE :
   JNCIAM Journal of the National Cancer Institute.  (Washington, DC)  V.1-60,
   1940-78.  For publisher information, see JJIND8.  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   58,1635,1977

                              *** REVIEWS ***
 
   ACGIH TLV-TWA 1.3 mg/m3 (0.2 ppm)
   DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
   (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
   Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   TLV/BEI,1997

   TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
   AJMEAZ American Journal of Medicine.  (Technical Pub., 875 Third Ave., New
   York, NY 10022) V.1-    1946-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 38,409,1965

                    *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS ***
 
   EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION
   FEREAC Federal Register.  (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of
   Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1-    1936-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   54,7740,1989

   MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 0.2 ppm (1 mg/m3)
   DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
   (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
   Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996  Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,94,1971

   OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 0.2 ppm (1 mg/m3)
   CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations.  (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
   of Documents, Washington, DC 20402)  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   29,1910.1000,1994

   OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 0.2 ppm (1 mg/m3)
   CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations.  (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
   of Documents, Washington, DC 20402)  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   29,1926.55,1994

   OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 0.2 ppm (1 mg/m3)
   CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations.  (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
   of Documents, Washington, DC 20402)  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   29,1915.1000,1993

   OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 0.2 ppm (1 mg/m3)
   CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations.  (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
   of Documents, Washington, DC 20402)  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   41,50-204.50,1994

                    *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS ***
 
   OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 0.2 ppm (1 mg/m3) JAN 1993
   
   OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 0.2 ppm (1.5 mg/m3) JAN 1993
   
   OEL-AUSTRIA:TWA 0.2 ppm (1 mg/m3) JAN 1993
   
   OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 0.2 ppm (1.3 mg/m3) JAN 1993
   
   OEL-DENMARK:TWA 0.2 ppm (1 mg/m3) JAN 1993
   
   OEL-FINLAND:TWA 0.2 ppm (1 mg/m3);STEL 0.6 ppm (3 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993
   
   OEL-FRANCE:TWA 0.2 ppm (1.5 mg/m3) JAN 1993
   
   OEL-GERMANY:TWA 0.2 ppm (1 mg/m3) JAN 1993
   
   OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 1 mg/m3;STEL 2 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993
   
   OEL-INDIA:TWA 0.2 ppm (1.5 mg/m3) JAN 1993
   
   OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 0.2 ppm (1 mg/m3) JAN 1993
   
   OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 0.2 ppm (1 mg/m3) JAN 1993
   
   OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 0.2 ppm (1.3 mg/m3);STEL 0.4 ppm (2.5 mg/m3) JAN 1993
   
   OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 0.2 ppm (1.3 mg/m3) JAN 1993
   
   OEL-THAILAND:TWA 0.2 ppm (1 mg/m3) JAN 1993
   
   OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 0.2 ppm (1.5 mg/m3);STEL 0.6 ppm JAN 1993
   
   OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV
   
   OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV

         *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA ***

NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) :
   NIOSH REL TO DIPHENYL-air:10H TWA 0.2 ppm
REFERENCE :
   NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of
   Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992

NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA :
   NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974)
     NOHS Hazard Code - 27590
       No. of Facilities: 281 (estimated)
       No. of Industries: 10
       No. of Occupations: 29
       No. of Employees: 10589 (estimated)
   
   NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983)
     NOES Hazard Code - 27590
       No. of Facilities: 2220 (estimated)
       No. of Industries: 20
       No. of Occupations: 36
       No. of Employees: 32003 (estimated)
       No. of Female Employees: 3708 (estimated)

                          *** STATUS IN U.S. ***
 
   EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive/dose response: In vitro SCE-nonhuman
   
   EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: In vitro UDS-human fibroblast; In vitro
   UDS in rat liver
   
   EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: S cerevisiae-homozygosis
   
   EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
   
   EPA TSCA 8(a) PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT INFORMATION, FINAL RULE
   FEREAC Federal Register.  (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of
   Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1-    1936-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   47,26992,82

   EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
   
   On EPA IRIS database
   
   EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JUNE 1998
   
   NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Diphenyl, 2530

 
                            *** END OF RECORD ***