*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION ***
RTECS NUMBER : GV3150000
CHEMICAL NAME : Cyclohexane, 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachloro-
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 608-73-1
BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. : 1907331
REFERENCE : 2-05-00-00011 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
LAST UPDATED : 199806
DATA ITEMS CITED : 53
MOLECULAR FORMULA : C6-H6-Cl6
MOLECULAR WEIGHT : 290.82
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : L6TJ AG BG CG DG EG FG
COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR : Agricultural Chemical
Tumorigen
Mutagen
Reproductive Effector
Human
SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES :
* Benzene hexachloride
* BHC
* ENT 8,601
* HCH
* Hexachlorocyclohexane
* 1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexachlorocyclohexane
* Latka 666
*** HEALTH HAZARD DATA ***
** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION : 400 ug/kg/3D
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - headache
Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - body temperature increase
REFERENCE :
GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O
Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 49(10),26,1984
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 100 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
ATXKA8 Archiv fuer Toxikologie. (Berlin, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.15-31, 1954-74.
For publisher information, see ARTODN. Volume(issue)/page/year:
22,115,1966
TYPE OF TEST : LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 690 mg/m3/4H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O
Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 56(2),80,1991
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 900 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
85DPAN "Wirksubstanzen der Pflanzenschutz und Schadlingsbekampfungsmittel,"
Perkow, W., Berlin, Verlag Paul Parey, 1971-1976 Volume(issue)/page/year:
-,-,1971/1976
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 59 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
PEMNDP Pesticide Manual. (The British Crop Protection Council, 20 Bridport
Rd., Thornton Heath CR4 7QG, UK) V.1- 1968- Volume(issue)/page/year:
9,452,1991
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 75 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
XPHPAW U.S. Public Health Service Publication. (U.S. Government Printing
Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) No.1- 1950-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 414,273,1955
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION : 1400 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
MEMOAQ Medizinische Monatsschrift. (Stuttgart, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1-31,
1947-77. Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,25,1950
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Bird - chicken
DOSE/DURATION : 597 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - flaccid paralysis without anesthesia
(usually neuromuscular blockage)
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
Behavioral - ataxia
REFERENCE :
POSCAL Poultry Science. (Poultry Science Assoc., Inc., 309 W. Clark St.,
Champaign, IL 61820) V.1- 1921- Volume(issue)/page/year: 60,2599,1981
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Bird - quail
DOSE/DURATION : 120 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
PEMNDP Pesticide Manual. (The British Crop Protection Council, 20 Bridport
Rd., Thornton Heath CR4 7QG, UK) V.1- 1968- Volume(issue)/page/year:
9,452,1991
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Bird - wild bird species
DOSE/DURATION : 56 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year:
21,315,1972
** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 2500 mg/kg/90D-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - other changes
Endocrine - other changes
Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue
levels - transaminases
REFERENCE :
IJEBA6 Indian Journal of Experimental Biology. (Publications & Information
Directorate, CSIR, Hillside Rd., New Delhi 110 012, India) V.1- 1963-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,1163,1981
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 750 mg/kg/15D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - other changes
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes
Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - other proteins
REFERENCE :
BECTA6 Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology.
(Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ
07094) V.1- 1966- Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,822,1988
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 650 mg/kg/65W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - retinal changes (pigmentary
depositions, retinitis, other)
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - conditioned vitamin deficiency
REFERENCE :
JTOTDO Journal of Toxicology, Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology. (Marcel
Dekker, 270 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10016) V.1- 1982-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,161,1987
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION : 3 gm/kg/30D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - fatty liver degeneration
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes
Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue
levels - multiple enzyme effects
REFERENCE :
JTOTDO Journal of Toxicology, Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology. (Marcel
Dekker, 270 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10016) V.1- 1982-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,3,1992
** TUMORIGENIC DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 6720 mg/kg/80W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
Liver - tumors
Blood - tumors
REFERENCE :
JPFCD2 Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B: Pesticides, Food
Contaminants, and Agricultural Wastes. (Marcel Dekker, 270 Madison Ave.,
New York, NY 10016) V.B11- 1976- Volume(issue)/page/year: 14,305,1979
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 1600 mg/kg/80W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
Liver - tumors
Blood - tumors
REFERENCE :
JPFCD2 Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B: Pesticides, Food
Contaminants, and Agricultural Wastes. (Marcel Dekker, 270 Madison Ave.,
New York, NY 10016) V.B11- 1976- Volume(issue)/page/year: 14,305,1979
TYPE OF TEST : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 800 mg/kg/80W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
Liver - tumors
Blood - tumors
REFERENCE :
JPFCD2 Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B: Pesticides, Food
Contaminants, and Agricultural Wastes. (Marcel Dekker, 270 Madison Ave.,
New York, NY 10016) V.B11- 1976- Volume(issue)/page/year: 14,305,1979
TYPE OF TEST : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 12600 mg/kg/30W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
Liver - tumors
REFERENCE :
JCROD7 Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology. (Springer-Verlag
New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) V.93-
1979- Volume(issue)/page/year: 99,143,1981
TYPE OF TEST : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 12960 mg/kg/26W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
Liver - tumors
REFERENCE :
CMSHAF Chemosphere. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park,
Elmsford, NY 10523) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,279,1972
TYPE OF TEST : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 21600 mg/kg/52W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
Liver - tumors
REFERENCE :
TUMOAB Tumori. (Casa Editrice Ambrosiana, Via G. Frua 6, 20146 Milan,
Italy) V.1- 1911- Volume(issue)/page/year: 69,383,1983
TYPE OF TEST : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 5400 mg/kg/13W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria
Liver - tumors
REFERENCE :
TUMOAB Tumori. (Casa Editrice Ambrosiana, Via G. Frua 6, 20146 Milan,
Italy) V.1- 1911- Volume(issue)/page/year: 69,383,1983
TYPE OF TEST : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 7200 mg/kg/17W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
Liver - tumors
REFERENCE :
IJEBA6 Indian Journal of Experimental Biology. (Publications & Information
Directorate, CSIR, Hillside Rd., New Delhi 110 012, India) V.1- 1963-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,1159,1981
TYPE OF TEST : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 9 gm/kg/21W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
Liver - tumors
REFERENCE :
AEHLAU Archives of Environmental Health. (Heldref Pub., 4000 Albemarle St.,
NW, Washington, DC 20016) V.1- 1960- Volume(issue)/page/year:
37,156,1982
TYPE OF TEST : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 10800 mg/kg/26W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
Liver - tumors
REFERENCE :
AEHLAU Archives of Environmental Health. (Heldref Pub., 4000 Albemarle St.,
NW, Washington, DC 20016) V.1- 1960- Volume(issue)/page/year:
37,156,1982
TYPE OF TEST : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 7200 mg/kg/17W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
Liver - tumors
REFERENCE :
CMBID4 Cellular and Molecular Biology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House,
Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.22- 1977- Volume(issue)/page/year:
27,231,1981
TYPE OF TEST : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 10800 mg/kg/26W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
Liver - tumors
REFERENCE :
CMBID4 Cellular and Molecular Biology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House,
Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.22- 1977- Volume(issue)/page/year:
27,231,1981
** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 8100 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : male 90 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct
REFERENCE :
APTOA6 Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica. (Copenhagen, Denmark) V.1-59,
1945-86. For publisher information, see PHTOEH Volume(issue)/page/year:
52,12,1983
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 9120 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : male 22 week(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material,
sperm morphology, motility, and count)
REFERENCE :
BECTA6 Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology.
(Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ
07094) V.1- 1966- Volume(issue)/page/year: 26,508,1981
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 5460 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : male 91 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct
REFERENCE :
BECTA6 Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology.
(Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ
07094) V.1- 1966- Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,431,1979
** MUTATION DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM : Microorganism - not otherwise specified
DOSE/DURATION : 100 mg/L
REFERENCE :
MILEDM Microbios Letters. (Faculty Press, 88 Regent St., Cambridge, UK)
V.1- 1976- Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,103,1977
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM : Microorganism - not otherwise specified
DOSE/DURATION : 100 mg/L
REFERENCE :
MILEDM Microbios Letters. (Faculty Press, 88 Regent St., Cambridge, UK)
V.1- 1976- Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,103,1977
TYPE OF TEST : Morphological transformation
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 875 mg/kg/7W (Intermittent)
REFERENCE :
CRNGDP Carcinogenesis (London). (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House,
Southfield Road, Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK) V.1- 1980-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,479,1984
*** REVIEWS ***
IARC Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,47,1974
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
AABIAV Annals of Applied Biology. (Biochemical Soc. Book Depot, POB 32,
Commerce Way, Colchester, Essex CO2 8HP, UK) V.1- 1914-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 35,505,1948
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
ECMAAI Economie et Medecine Animales. (Paris, France) V.1-17, 1960-76.
Discontinued. Volume(issue)/page/year: 14,141,1973
*** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS ***
OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 0.5 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 0.5 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-DENMARK:.TWA 5 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-DENMARK:TWA 0.5 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-DENMARK:TWA 0.5 mg/m3;Skin;Carcinogen JAN 1993
OEL-FINLAND:TWA 0.5 mg/m3;Skin;Carcinogen JAN 1993
OEL-FRANCE:TWA 0.5 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-GERMANY:TWA 0.5 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 0.5 mg/m3;STEL 0.1 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-POLAND:TWA 0.05 mg/m3 JAN 1993
OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 0.05 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 0.1 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 0.5 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 0.5 mg/m3;STEL 1.5 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993
*** STATUS IN U.S. ***
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
On EPA IRIS database
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JUNE 1998
NTP 7th Annual Report on Carcinogens, 1992 : anticipated to be carcinogen
*** END OF RECORD ***