*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION ***

RTECS NUMBER            : JO1225000
CHEMICAL NAME           : Disulfide, bis(diethylthiocarbamoyl)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER     : 97-77-8
LAST UPDATED            : 199806
DATA ITEMS CITED        : 68
MOLECULAR FORMULA       : C10-H20-N2-S4
MOLECULAR WEIGHT        : 296.56
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : 2N2&YUS&S 2
COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR     : Agricultural Chemical
                          Tumorigen
                          Drug
                          Mutagen
                          Reproductive Effector
                          Human
                          Primary Irritant
SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES :
   * Abstensil
   * Abstinil
   * Abstinyl
   * Alcophobin
   * Antabus
   * Antabuse
   * Antaenyl
   * Antaethyl
   * Antalcol
   * Antetan
   * Antetil
   * Anti-ethyl
   * Antietil
   * Antikol
   * Antivitium
   * Aversan
   * Averzan
   * Bis((diethylamino)thioxomethyl)disulphide
   * Bis(diethylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide
   * Bis(N,N-diethylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide
   * Bis(diethylthiocarbamoyl)disulphide
   * Bis(N,N-diethylthiocarbamoyl)disulphide
   * Contralin
   * Cronetal
   * Dicupral
   * Disulfiram
   * Disulfuram
   * Disulphuram
   * 1,1'-Dithiobis(N,N-diethylthioformamide)
   * Dupon 4472
   * Dupont fungicide 4472
   * Ekagom TEDS
   * ENT 27,340
   * Ephorran
   * Espenal
   * Esperal
   * Etabus
   * Ethyldithiourame
   * Ethyldithiurame
   * Ethyl thiram
   * Ethyl thiurad
   * Ethyl tuads
   * Ethyl TUEX
   * Exhoran
   * Formamide, 1,1'-dithiobis(N,N-diethylthio-
   * HOCA
   * Krotenal
   * NCI-C02959
   * Nocbin
   * Noxal
   * NSC 190940
   * Refusal
   * Ro-Sulfiram
   * Stopetyl
   * Tenurid
   * Tenutex
   * TETD
   * Tetidis
   * Tetradin
   * Tetradine
   * Tetraethylthioperoxydicarbonic diamide
   * Tetraethylthiram disulphide
   * Tetraethylthiuram
   * Tetraethylthiuram disulfide
   * Tetraethylthiuram disulphide
   * N,N,N',N'-Tetraethylthiuram disulphide
   * Tetraetil
   * Teturam
   * Teturamin
   * Thiuram E
   * Thiuram disulfide, tetraethyl-
   * Thiuranide
   * USAF B-33
 
                       *** HEALTH HAZARD DATA ***
 
                      ** SKIN/EYE IRRITATION DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION           : 100 mg
REACTION SEVERITY       : Mild
REFERENCE :
   FCTOD7 Food and Chemical Toxicology.  (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House,
   Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523)  V.20-    1982- Volume(issue)/page/year:
   20,573,1982
 
                        ** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION           : 140 mg/kg/2W
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions
   Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
REFERENCE :
   SMJOAV Southern Medical Journal.  (Southern Medical Assoc., POB 2446,
   Birmingham, AL 35205) V.1-    1908-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 80,1577,1987
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION           : 90 mg/kg/18D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Liver - jaundice, other or unclassified
REFERENCE :
   JCLPDE Journal of Clinical Psychiatry.  (Physicians Postgraduate Press,
   Inc., POB 240008, Memphis, TN 38124)  V.39-    1978-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 46,67,1985
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION           : 150 mg/kg/6W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Musculoskeletal - joints
REFERENCE :
   ARHEAW Arthritis and Rheumatism.  (Arthritis Foundation, 1314 Spring St.,
   NW, Atlanta, GA 30309) V.1-    1958-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 25,1494,1982
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION           : 150 mg/kg/6W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Liver - hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse
REFERENCE :
   AIMDAP Archives of Internal Medicine.  (AMA, 535 N. Dearborn St., Chicago,
   IL 60610)  V.1-    1908-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 143,1271,1983
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Human
DOSE/DURATION           : 160 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - coma
   Gastrointestinal - ulceration or bleeding from large intestine
   Liver - hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post-necrotic scarring)
REFERENCE :
   BMJOAE British Medical Journal.  (British Medical Assoc., BMA House,
   Tavistock Sq., London WC1H 9JR, UK)  V.1-    1857- Volume(issue)/page/year:
   2,94,1977
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Human - child
DOSE/DURATION           : 150 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
   Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions
   Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting
REFERENCE :
   34ZIAG "Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York,
   Academic Press, Inc., 1969  Volume(issue)/page/year: -,230,1969
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   ATXKA8 Archiv fuer Toxikologie.  (Berlin, Fed. Rep. Ger.)  V.15-31, 1954-74.
    For publisher information, see ARTODN.  Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,12,1966
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 248 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay)
   Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - body temperature decrease
REFERENCE :
   JNPHAG Journal de Pharmacologie.  (SPPIF, B.P.22, F-41353 Vineuil, France)
   V.1-    1970-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,35,1978
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD - Lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : >4 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   APTOA6 Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica.  (Copenhagen, Denmark)  V.1-59,
   1945-86.  For publisher information, see PHTOEH  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   8,305,1952
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 1980 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans
   Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium)  V.4-   
   1898-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 112,36,1957
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 75 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   NTIS** National Technical Information Service.  (Springfield, VA 22161)
   Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: AD691-490
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 2600 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   NIIRDN Drugs in Japan (Ethical Drugs).  (Yakugyo Jiho Co., Ltd., Tokyo,
   Japan)  Volume(issue)/page/year: -,523,1995
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION           : 3500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - flaccid paralysis without anesthesia
   (usually neuromuscular blockage)
   Behavioral - ataxia
   Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - body temperature decrease
REFERENCE :
   APTOA6 Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica.  (Copenhagen, Denmark)  V.1-59,
   1945-86.  For publisher information, see PHTOEH  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   8,305,1952
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION           : 1800 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - flaccid paralysis without anesthesia
   (usually neuromuscular blockage)
   Behavioral - ataxia
   Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - body temperature decrease
REFERENCE :
   APTOA6 Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica.  (Copenhagen, Denmark)  V.1-59,
   1945-86.  For publisher information, see PHTOEH  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   8,305,1952
 
                 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 7 gm/kg/7D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Autonomic Nervous System - other (direct) parasympathomimetic
   Gastrointestinal - ulceration or bleeding from stomach
   Blood - changes in spleen
REFERENCE :
   APTOA6 Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica.  (Copenhagen, Denmark)  V.1-59,
   1945-86.  For publisher information, see PHTOEH  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   8,305,1952
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 6750 mg/kg/6W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes
   Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - changes in metals, not otherwise specified
REFERENCE :
   TOLED5 Toxicology Letters.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1977-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 75,235,1995
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 7770 mg/kg/3W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - recording from peripheral motor nerve
   Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
   APTOA6 Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica.  (Copenhagen, Denmark)  V.1-59,
   1945-86.  For publisher information, see PHTOEH  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   55,339,1984
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 6545 mg/kg/13W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Autonomic Nervous System - parasympatholytic
   Gastrointestinal - contraction (isolated tissue)
   Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
   APTOA6 Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica.  (Copenhagen, Denmark)  V.1-59,
   1945-86.  For publisher information, see PHTOEH  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   55,339,1984
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 720 mg/kg/60D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes
   Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue
   levels - phosphatases
REFERENCE :
   EPEPEG European Journal of Pharmacology, Environmental Toxicology and
   Pharmacology Section. (Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.228-    1992-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   292,89,1994
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 44640 mg/kg/2Y-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
   Related to Chronic Data - death
REFERENCE :
   JPMSAE Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences.  (American Pharmaceutical Assoc.,
   2215 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20037)  V.50-    1961-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 59,1267,1970
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION           : 1750 mg/kg/7D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Autonomic Nervous System - other (direct) parasympathomimetic
   Liver - hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal
   Blood - changes in spleen
REFERENCE :
   APTOA6 Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica.  (Copenhagen, Denmark)  V.1-59,
   1945-86.  For publisher information, see PHTOEH  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   8,305,1952
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION           : 280 mg/kg/18D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Spinal Cord - demyelination
   Autonomic Nervous System - other (direct) parasympathomimetic
   Liver - hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal
REFERENCE :
   APTOA6 Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica.  (Copenhagen, Denmark)  V.1-59,
   1945-86.  For publisher information, see PHTOEH  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   8,305,1952
 
                          ** TUMORIGENIC DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 35 gm/kg/78W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria
   Liver - tumors
REFERENCE :
   NTIS** National Technical Information Service.  (Springfield, VA 22161)
   Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: PB223-159
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 1000 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors
   Blood - tumors
REFERENCE :
   NTIS** National Technical Information Service.  (Springfield, VA 22161)
   Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: PB223-159
 
                          ** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 5 gm/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 3-12 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or
   resorbed implants per total number of implants)
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
   e.g., stunted fetus)
REFERENCE :
   JRPFA4 Journal of Reproduction and Fertility.  (Biochemical Soc. Book Depot,
   POB 32, Commerce Way, Colchester, Essex CO2 8HP, UK)  V.1-    1960-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 39,375,1974
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 310 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : male 31 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct
REFERENCE :
   TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology.  (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
   First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1-    1959-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   107,164,1991
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Parenteral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 400 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 4-11 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
   e.g., stunted fetus)
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
REFERENCE :
   BEXBAN Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine (English Translation).
   Translation of BEBMAE. (Plenum Pub. Corp., 233 Spring St., New York, NY
   10013)  V.41-    1956-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 93,107,1982
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Parenteral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 800 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : male 2 day(s) pre-mating
                          female 2 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
   e.g., stunted fetus)
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
REFERENCE :
   BEXBAN Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine (English Translation).
   Translation of BEBMAE. (Plenum Pub. Corp., 233 Spring St., New York, NY
   10013)  V.41-    1956-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 93,107,1982
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE                    : 13200 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 15 day(s) pre-mating
                          female 1-18 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or
   resorbed implants per total number of implants)
REFERENCE :
   JJATDK JAT, Journal of Applied Toxicology.  (John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Baffins
   Lane, Chichester, W. Sussex PO19 1UD, UK)  V.1-    1981-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,1,1985
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE                    : 39200 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 7-14 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4
   per # born alive)
REFERENCE :
   NTIS** National Technical Information Service.  (Springfield, VA 22161)
   Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: PB86-197605
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE                    : 1278 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 6-14 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Fertility - litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured
   before birth)
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - extra-embryonic structures
   (e.g., placenta, umbilical cord)
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
   e.g., stunted fetus)
REFERENCE :
   NTIS** National Technical Information Service.  (Springfield, VA 22161)
   Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: PB223-160
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE                    : 1278 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 6-14 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial
   (including nose and tongue)
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
   NTIS** National Technical Information Service.  (Springfield, VA 22161)
   Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: PB223-160
 
                            ** MUTATION DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM             : Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium
DOSE/DURATION           : 25 ug/plate
REFERENCE :
   CBINA8 Chemico-Biological Interactions.  (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland
   Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland)  V.1-    1969-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   49,329,1984
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM             : Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium
DOSE/DURATION           : 20 ug/plate
REFERENCE :
   PCBRD2 Progress in Clinical and Biological Research.  (Alan R. Liss, Inc.,
   41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.1-    1975- Volume(issue)/page/year:
   141,407,1984
 
TYPE OF TEST            : DNA inhibition
TEST SYSTEM             : Human HeLa cell
DOSE/DURATION           : 100 umol/L
REFERENCE :
   CRNGDP Carcinogenesis (London). (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House,
   Southfield Road, Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK)  V.1-    1980-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 13,2389,1992
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Morphological transformation
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 12600 mg/kg/6W
REFERENCE :
   CRNGDP Carcinogenesis (London). (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House,
   Southfield Road, Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK)  V.1-    1980-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,387,1988
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Specific locus test
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - mouse Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION           : 16 ug/L
REFERENCE :
   EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis.  (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E.
   11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.10-    1987-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   17,196,1991
 
TYPE OF TEST            : DNA inhibition
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - mouse Embryo
DOSE/DURATION           : 10 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   JJATDK JAT, Journal of Applied Toxicology.  (John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Baffins
   Lane, Chichester, W. Sussex PO19 1UD, UK)  V.1-    1981-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,1,1985
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Morphological transformation
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - hamster Embryo
DOSE/DURATION           : 20 ug/L
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 356,85,1996
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Sister chromatid exchange
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - hamster Ovary
DOSE/DURATION           : 5 umol/L
REFERENCE :
   SWEHDO Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health. (Haartmaninkatu
   1, SF-00290 Helsinki, 29, Finland)  V.1-    1975- Volume(issue)/page/year:
   9(Suppl 2),27,1983
 
TYPE OF TEST            : DNA inhibition
TEST SYSTEM             : Bird - chicken Embryo
DOSE/DURATION           : 120 nmol/L
REFERENCE :
   BBACAQ Biochimica et Biophysica Acta.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211,
   1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands)  V.1-    1947- Volume(issue)/page/year:
   519,65,1978
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified
TEST SYSTEM             : Bird - chicken Embryo
DOSE/DURATION           : 120 nmol/L
REFERENCE :
   BBACAQ Biochimica et Biophysica Acta.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211,
   1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands)  V.1-    1947- Volume(issue)/page/year:
   519,65,1978

                              *** REVIEWS ***
 
   ACGIH TLV-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen
   DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
   (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
   Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   TLV/BEI,1997

   ACGIH TLV-TWA 2 mg/m3
   DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
   (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
   Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   TLV/BEI,1997

   IARC Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence
   IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
   to Man.  (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
   V.1-    1972-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 12,85,1976

   IARC Cancer Review:Human No Adequate Data
   IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
   to Man.  (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
   V.1-    1972-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 12,85,1976

   IARC Cancer Review:Group 3
   IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement.  (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49
   Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)  No.1-    1979-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   7,56,1987

   TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
   CRTXB2 CRC Critical Reviews in Toxicology.  (CRC Press, Inc., 2000 Corporate
   Blvd., NW, Boca Raton, FL 33431)  V.1-    1971- Volume(issue)/page/year:
   2,365,1973

                    *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS ***
 
   OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 2 mg/m3 JAN 1993
   
   OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 2 mg/m3 JAN 1993
   
   OEL-FINLAND:TWA 2 mg/m3;STEL 6 mg/m3 JAN 1993
   
   OEL-FRANCE:TWA 2 mg/m3 JAN 1993
   
   OEL-GERMANY:TWA 2 mg/m3 JAN 1993
   
   OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 2 mg/m3 JAN 1993
   
   OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 1 mg/m3 JAN 1993
   
   OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 2 mg/m3 JAN 1993
   
   OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV
   
   OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV

         *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA ***

NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) :
   NIOSH REL TO DISULFIRAM-air:10H TWA 2 mg/m3
REFERENCE :
   NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of
   Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992

NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA :
   NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974)
     NOHS Hazard Code - 80219
       No. of Facilities: 209 (estimated)
       No. of Industries: 4
       No. of Occupations: 24
       No. of Employees: 4441 (estimated)
   
   NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983)
     NOES Hazard Code - 80219
       No. of Facilities: 2688 (estimated)
       No. of Industries: 28
       No. of Occupations: 51
       No. of Employees: 53525 (estimated)
       No. of Female Employees: 6305 (estimated)

                          *** STATUS IN U.S. ***
 
   EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat
   
   EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
   
   EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
   
   EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JUNE 1998
   
   NIOSH CURRENT INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN 23, 1978
   
   NCI Carcinogenesis Bioassay (feed);no evidence:mouse,rat
   NCITR* National Cancer Institute Carcinogenesis Technical Report Series.
   (Bethesda, MD)  No.0-205. For publisher information, see NTPTR*.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: NCI-TR-166,79

 
                            *** END OF RECORD ***