*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION *** RTECS NUMBER : JO1400000 CHEMICAL NAME : Disulfide, bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl) CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 137-26-8 OTHER CAS REGISTRY NOS. : 39456-80-9 66173-72-6 12680-07-8 12680-62-5 93196-73-7 BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. : 1725821 REFERENCE : 4-04-00-00242 (Beilstein Handbook Reference) LAST UPDATED : 199801 DATA ITEMS CITED : 109 MOLECULAR FORMULA : C6-H12-N2-S4 MOLECULAR WEIGHT : 240.44 WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : 1N1&YUS&SSYUS&N1&1 COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR : Agricultural Chemical Tumorigen Drug Mutagen Reproductive Effector Human Primary Irritant SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES : * Accelerator thiuram * Aceto TETD * Arasan * Arasan 70 * Arasan 75 * Arasan-M * Arasan 42-S * Arasan-SF * Arasan-SF-X * Aules * Bis((dimethylamino)carbonothioyl) disulphide * Bis(dimethyl-thiocarbamoyl)-disulfid * Bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide * Bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl) disulphide * Bis(dimethylthiocarbamyl) disulfide * Chipco thiram 75 * Cyuram DS * Disolfuro di tetrametiltiourame * Disulfure de tetramethylthiourame * alpha,alpha'-Dithiobis(dimethylthio)formamide * N,N'-(Dithiodicarbonothioyl)bis(N-methylmethanamine) * Ekagom TB * Falitiram * Fermide * Fernacol * Fernasan * Fernasan A * Fernide * Flo Pro T Seed Protectant * FMC 2070 * Formamide, 1,1'-dithiobis(N,N-dimethylthio- * Hermal * Hermat TMT * Heryl * Hexathir * Kregasan * Mercuram * Methyl thiram * Methyl thiuramdisulfide * Methyl tuads * Micropearls * Nobecutan * Nomersan * Normersan * Panoram 75 * Polyram ultra * Pomarsol * Pomarsol forte * Pomasol * Puralin * Radothiram * RCRA waste number U244 * Rezifilm * Royal TMTD * Sadoplon * Spotrete * Spotrete-F * SQ 1489 * Tersan * Tersan 75 * Tetramethyldiurane sulphite * Tetramethylenethiuram disulphide * Tetramethylthiocarbamoyldisulphide * Tetramethylthioperoxydicarbonic diamide * Tetramethylthioramdisulfide * Tetramethyl-thiram disulfid * Tetramethylthiuram bisulfide * Tetramethylthiuram bisulphide * Tetramethylthiuram disulfide * Tetramethylthiuram disulphide * N,N-Tetramethylthiuram disulphide * N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylthiuram disulfide * Tetramethylthiuran disulphide * Tetramethyl thiurane disulfide * Tetramethyl thiurane disulphide * Tetramethylthiurum disulfide * Tetramethylthiurum disulphide * Tetrapom * Tetrathiuram disulfide * Tetrathiuram disulphide * Thillate * Thimer * Thioknock * Thiosan * Thiotox (fungicide) * Thiram * Thiram 75 * Thiram * Thiramad * Thiram B * Thirame * Thirasan * Thiulix * Thiurad * Thiuram * Thiuram D * Thiuram disulfide, tetramethyl- * Thiuramin * Thiuram M * Thiuram M rubber accelerator * Thiuramyl * Thylate * Tigam * Tirampa * Tiuram * Tiuramyl * TMTD * TMTDS * Trametan * Tridipam * Tripomol * Tuads * TUEX * Tulisan * USAF B-30 * USAF EK-2089 * USAF P-5 * Vancida TM-95 * Vancide TM * VUAgT-I-4 * Vulcafor TMTD * Vulkacit MTIC * Vulkacit thiuram * Vulkacit thiuram/C * ZUPA S 80 *** HEALTH HAZARD DATA *** ** SKIN/EYE IRRITATION DATA ** TYPE OF TEST : Standard Draize test ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration into the eye SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit DOSE/DURATION : 100 mg/24H REACTION SEVERITY : Moderate REFERENCE : 28ZPAK "Sbornik Vysledku Toxixologickeho Vysetreni Latek A Pripravku," Marhold, J.V., Institut Pro Vychovu Vedoucicn Pracovniku Chemickeho Prumyclu Praha, Czechoslovakia, 1972 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,278,1972 ** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA ** TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation SPECIES OBSERVED : Human DOSE/DURATION : 30 ug/m3/5Y-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - conjunctive irritation Cardiac - other changes Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi REFERENCE : VRDEA5 Vrachebnoe Delo. Medical Practice. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) No.1- 1918- Volume(issue)/page/year: (10),136,1971 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 560 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase REFERENCE : TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,546,1967 TYPE OF TEST : LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 500 mg/m3/4H TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : 85JCAE "Prehled Prumyslove Toxikologie; Organicke Latky," Marhold, J., Prague, Czechoslovakia, Avicenum, 1986 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,1027,1986 TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 5 gm/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) REFERENCE : ATDAEI Acute Toxicity Data. Journal of the American College of Toxicology, Part B. (Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., 1651 Third Ave., New York, NY 10128) V.1- 1990- Volume(issue)/page/year: 15(Suppl 1),S76,1996 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 138 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - body temperature decrease REFERENCE : JNPHAG Journal de Pharmacologie. (SPPIF, B.P.22, F-41353 Vineuil, France) V.1- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,35,1978 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 646 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : NNGADV Nippon Noyaku Gakkaishi. Journal of the Pesticide Science Society of Japan. (Nippon Noyaku Gakkai, 1-43-11, Komagome, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 170, Japan) V.1- 1976- Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,507,1990 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 740 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : KOKABN Kobunshi Kako. Polymer Applications. (Kobunshi Kankokai, Chiekoin Maruta-machi Kundaru, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602, Japan) V.13- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 26,358,1977 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 1250 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Skin and Appendages - hair REFERENCE : GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 6(7),28,1962 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 70 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : NIIRDN Drugs in Japan (Ethical Drugs). (Yakugyo Jiho Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,566,1982 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 1109 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : NNGADV Nippon Noyaku Gakkaishi. Journal of the Pesticide Science Society of Japan. (Nippon Noyaku Gakkai, 1-43-11, Komagome, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 170, Japan) V.1- 1976- Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,507,1990 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 1150 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : KOKABN Kobunshi Kako. Polymer Applications. (Kobunshi Kankokai, Chiekoin Maruta-machi Kundaru, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602, Japan) V.13- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 26,358,1977 TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - cat DOSE/DURATION : 230 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - ataxia Behavioral - analgesia REFERENCE : JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10- Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,349,1921 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit DOSE/DURATION : 210 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : KOKABN Kobunshi Kako. Polymer Applications. (Kobunshi Kankokai, Chiekoin Maruta-machi Kundaru, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602, Japan) V.13- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 26,358,1977 TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit DOSE/DURATION : 1 gm/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : 85GMAT "Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects, GKNT, 1982 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,110,1982 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit DOSE/DURATION : 210 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : VETNAL Veterinariya. Veterinary Science. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1924- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54(2),70,1978 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported SPECIES OBSERVED : Bird - chicken DOSE/DURATION : 840 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : VETNAL Veterinariya. Veterinary Science. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1924- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54(2),70,1978 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - domestic DOSE/DURATION : 225 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : VETNAL Veterinariya. Veterinary Science. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1924- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54(2),70,1978 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - species unspecified DOSE/DURATION : 400 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 45(5),29,1980 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Bird - wild bird species DOSE/DURATION : 300 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : AECTCV Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 070944) V.1- 1973- Volume(issue)/page/year: 12,355,1983 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA ** TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 450 mg/kg/90D-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - multiple enzyme effects Related to Chronic Data - death REFERENCE : INHEAO Industrial Health. (National Institute of Industrial Health, 6-21-1 Nagao, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, 213 Japan) V.1- 1963- Volume(issue)/page/year: 31,59,1993 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 406 mg/kg/14D-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Liver - other changes Blood - other changes Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - lipids including transport REFERENCE : BCTKAG Bromatologia i Chemia Toksykologiczna. (Ars Polona, POB 1001, 00-068 Warsaw 1, Poland) V.4- 1971- Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,69,1984 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 350 mg/kg/7D-C TOXIC EFFECTS : Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - changes in metals, not otherwise specified REFERENCE : ARTODN Archives of Toxicology. (Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Pl. 3, D-1000 Berlin 33, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.32- 1974- Volume(issue)/page/year: 48,29,1981 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 10920 mg/kg/2Y-C TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - food intake (animal) Musculoskeletal - other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain REFERENCE : JTSCDR Journal of Toxicological Sciences. (Japanese Soc. of Toxicological Sciences, 4th Floor, Gakkai Center Bldg., 4-16, Yayoi 2-chome, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan) V.1- 1976- Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,269,1980 TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 91 mg/m3/26W-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Cardiac - other changes REFERENCE : TPKVAL Toksikologiya Novykh Promyshlennykh Khimicheskikh Veshchestv. Toxicology of New Industrial Chemical Substances. For English translation, see TNICS*. (Izdatel'stvo Meditsina, Moscow, USSR) No.1- 1961- Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,3,1979 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 1680 mg/kg/4W-C TOXIC EFFECTS : Blood - changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count Skin and Appendages - hair Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain REFERENCE : NNGADV Nippon Noyaku Gakkaishi. Journal of the Pesticide Science Society of Japan. (Nippon Noyaku Gakkai, 1-43-11, Komagome, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 170, Japan) V.1- 1976- Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,507,1990 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog DOSE/DURATION : 29120 mg/kg/2Y-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - retinal changes (pigmentary depositions, retinitis, other) Blood - changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count Related to Chronic Data - death REFERENCE : JTSCDR Journal of Toxicological Sciences. (Japanese Soc. of Toxicological Sciences, 4th Floor, Gakkai Center Bldg., 4-16, Yayoi 2-chome, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan) V.1- 1976- Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,269,1980 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog DOSE/DURATION : 1120 mg/kg/4W-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - retinal changes (pigmentary depositions, retinitis, other) Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain REFERENCE : NNGADV Nippon Noyaku Gakkaishi. Journal of the Pesticide Science Society of Japan. (Nippon Noyaku Gakkai, 1-43-11, Komagome, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 170, Japan) V.1- 1976- Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,507,1990 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit DOSE/DURATION : 1520 mg/kg/15W-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Vascular - BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - other Enzymes Related to Chronic Data - death REFERENCE : GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 6(7),28,1962 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - pig DOSE/DURATION : 1820 ug/kg/1Y-C TOXIC EFFECTS : Cardiac - arrhythmias (including changes in conduction) Cardiac - other changes REFERENCE : CUTOEX Current Toxicology. (Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 6080 Jericho Turnpike, Suite 207, Commack, NY 11725) V.1 1993- Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,221,1993 ** TUMORIGENIC DATA ** TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 108 mg/kg/1Y-C TOXIC EFFECTS : Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages - tumors REFERENCE : RPZHAW Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny. (Ars Polona, POB 1001, 00-068 Warsaw 1, Poland) V.1- 1950- Volume(issue)/page/year: 31,67,1980 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 100 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - conditioned vitamin deficiency Skin and Appendages - tumors REFERENCE : FCTOD7 Food and Chemical Toxicology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.20- 1982- Volume(issue)/page/year: 34,283,1996 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 46 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors Blood - tumors REFERENCE : NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information. Volume(issue)/page/year: PB223-159 TYPE OF TEST : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest) ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 15300 mg/kg/51W-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages - tumors REFERENCE : FCTOD7 Food and Chemical Toxicology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.20- 1982- Volume(issue)/page/year: 34,283,1996 ** REPRODUCTIVE DATA ** TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE : 1200 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 7-12 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Fertility - litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured before birth) REFERENCE : TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 35,83,1976 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE : 300 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 15 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - other developmental abnormalities REFERENCE : GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 43(6),37,1978 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE : 1190 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 16-22 day(s) after conception lactating female 21 day(s) post-birth TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain) REFERENCE : TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 35,83,1976 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE : 550 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 1-22 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral REFERENCE : AEEDDS Adverse Effects of Environmental Chemicals and Psychotropic Drugs. (Elsevier Science Pub. Co., Inc., 52 Vanderbilt Ave., New York, NY 10017) V.1- 1973- Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,215,1976 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE : 420 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 1-20 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - cardiovascular (circulatory) system Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - biochemical and metabolic REFERENCE : GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 51(6),23,1986 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Parenteral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE : 400 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 4-11 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death REFERENCE : BEXBAN Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine (English Translation). Translation of BEBMAE. (Plenum Pub. Corp., 233 Spring St., New York, NY 10013) V.41- 1956- Volume(issue)/page/year: 93,107,1982 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Parenteral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE : 800 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : male 2 day(s) pre-mating female 2 day(s) pre-mating TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death REFERENCE : BEXBAN Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine (English Translation). Translation of BEBMAE. (Plenum Pub. Corp., 233 Spring St., New York, NY 10013) V.41- 1956- Volume(issue)/page/year: 93,107,1982 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE : 100 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 6-15 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial (including nose and tongue) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system REFERENCE : ATXKA8 Archiv fuer Toxikologie. (Berlin, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.15-31, 1954-74. For publisher information, see ARTODN. Volume(issue)/page/year: 30,251,1973 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE : 300 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 6-15 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) REFERENCE : ATXKA8 Archiv fuer Toxikologie. (Berlin, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.15-31, 1954-74. For publisher information, see ARTODN. Volume(issue)/page/year: 30,251,1973 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE : 80 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : male 3 day(s) pre-mating TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) REFERENCE : FCTOD7 Food and Chemical Toxicology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.20- 1982- Volume(issue)/page/year: 25,709,1987 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE : 90 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 6-14 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) Reproductive - Fertility - litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured before birth) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - extra-embryonic structures (e.g., placenta, umbilical cord) REFERENCE : NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information. Volume(issue)/page/year: PB223-160 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE : 1035 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 6-14 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) REFERENCE : NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information. Volume(issue)/page/year: PB223-160 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - hamster DOSE : 125 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 7 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system REFERENCE : TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,152,1969 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - hamster DOSE : 250 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 8 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial (including nose and tongue) REFERENCE : TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,152,1969 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - hamster DOSE : 250 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 7 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - body wall REFERENCE : TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,152,1969 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - hamster DOSE : 300 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 7 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System REFERENCE : TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,152,1969 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - species unspecified DOSE : 848 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 60 day(s) pre-mating female 1-53 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain) REFERENCE : TOXID9 Toxicologist. (Soc. of Toxicology, Inc., 475 Wolf Ledge Parkway, Akron, OH 44311) V.1- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,20,1984 ** MUTATION DATA ** TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in microorganisms TEST SYSTEM : Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium DOSE/DURATION : 50 ug/plate REFERENCE : MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 68,9,1979 TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in microorganisms TEST SYSTEM : Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium DOSE/DURATION : 5 ug/plate REFERENCE : MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 68,313,1979 TYPE OF TEST : DNA repair TEST SYSTEM : Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium DOSE/DURATION : 50 ug/plate REFERENCE : MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 89,1,1981 TYPE OF TEST : Phage inhibition capacity TEST SYSTEM : Bacteria - Escherichia coli DOSE/DURATION : 1 ug/tube REFERENCE : MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 89,1,1981 TYPE OF TEST : DNA repair TEST SYSTEM : Bacteria - Bacillus subtilis DOSE/DURATION : 2 ug/disc REFERENCE : MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 40,19,1976 TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in microorganisms TEST SYSTEM : Microorganism - not otherwise specified DOSE/DURATION : 1000 ppm REFERENCE : MMAPAP Mycopathologia et Mycologia Applicata. (The Hague, Netherlands) V.5-54(4), 1950-74. For publisher information, see MYCPAH. Volume(issue)/page/year: 50,233,1973 TYPE OF TEST : Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral TEST SYSTEM : Insect - Drosophila melanogaster DOSE/DURATION : 4 gm/L REFERENCE : SWEHDO Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health. (Haartmaninkatu 1, SF-00290 Helsinki, 29, Finland) V.1- 1975- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9(Suppl 2),27,1983 TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in microorganisms TEST SYSTEM : Mold - Aspergillus nidulans DOSE/DURATION : 500 ng/plate REFERENCE : MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 89,1,1981 TYPE OF TEST : Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction TEST SYSTEM : Mold - Aspergillus nidulans DOSE/DURATION : 20 ppm REFERENCE : MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 89,297,1981 TYPE OF TEST : DNA inhibition TEST SYSTEM : Human Lymphocyte DOSE/DURATION : 1 mg/L REFERENCE : ARTODN Archives of Toxicology. (Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Pl. 3, D-1000 Berlin 33, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.32- 1974- Volume(issue)/page/year: 45,101,1980 TYPE OF TEST : Morphological transformation ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 2520 mg/kg/6W REFERENCE : CRNGDP Carcinogenesis (London). (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House, Southfield Road, Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK) V.1- 1980- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,387,1988 TYPE OF TEST : DNA inhibition TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - rat Cells - not otherwise specified DOSE/DURATION : 100 ug/L REFERENCE : ARTODN Archives of Toxicology. (Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Pl. 3, D-1000 Berlin 33, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.32- 1974- Volume(issue)/page/year: 45,101,1980 TYPE OF TEST : Micronucleus test ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 100 mg/kg REFERENCE : FCTOD7 Food and Chemical Toxicology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.20- 1982- Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,373,1985 TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 80 mg/kg/3D (Continuous) REFERENCE : FCTOD7 Food and Chemical Toxicology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.20- 1982- Volume(issue)/page/year: 25,709,1987 TYPE OF TEST : Dominant lethal test ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 150 mg/kg/8W (Continuous) REFERENCE : FCTOD7 Food and Chemical Toxicology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.20- 1982- Volume(issue)/page/year: 35,523,1997 TYPE OF TEST : Sperm Morphology ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 100 mg/kg REFERENCE : PMRSDJ Progress in Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. Co., Inc., 52 Vanderbilt Ave., New York, NY 10017) V.1- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,79,1981 TYPE OF TEST : Sperm Morphology ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 80 mg/kg/3D (Continuous) REFERENCE : FCTOD7 Food and Chemical Toxicology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.20- 1982- Volume(issue)/page/year: 25,709,1987 TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in mammalian somatic cells TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Lung DOSE/DURATION : 5 mg/L REFERENCE : FCTOD7 Food and Chemical Toxicology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.20- 1982- Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,373,1985 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 1 mg/m3 DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 12,225,1976 IARC Cancer Review:Human No Adequate Data IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 12,225,1976 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 53,403,1991 IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 53,403,1991 IARC Cancer Review:Group 3 IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 53,403,1991 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CNDQA8 Cahiers de Nutrition et de Dietetique. (Editions Meteore, 42, rue du Louvre, 75001 Paris, France) V.1- 1966- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10(3),43,1975 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,7740,1989 MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 5 mg/m3 DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,257,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 5 mg/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 5 mg/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 5 mg/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 5 mg/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRIA:TWA 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 2 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 5 mg/m3;STEL 10 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 0.5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 0.5 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 5 mg/m3;STEL 25 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-THAILAND:TWA 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 5 mg/m3;STEL 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO THIRAM-air:10H TWA 5 mg/m3 REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 71900 No. of Facilities: 1502 (estimated) No. of Industries: 14 No. of Occupations: 37 No. of Employees: 17330 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 71900 No. of Facilities: 2234 (estimated) No. of Industries: 23 No. of Occupations: 48 No. of Employees: 47798 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 9520 (estimated) *** STATUS IN U.S. *** EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Mammalian micronucleus; B subtilis rec assay EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies On EPA IRIS database EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JUNE 1998 NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Thiram, 5005 *** END OF RECORD ***