*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION ***
RTECS NUMBER : KI5775000
CHEMICAL NAME : Ethane, 1,1'-oxybis-
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 60-29-7
LAST UPDATED : 199712
DATA ITEMS CITED : 59
MOLECULAR FORMULA : C4-H10-O
MOLECULAR WEIGHT : 74.14
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : 2O2
COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR : Tumorigen
Drug
Mutagen
Human
Primary Irritant
SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES :
* Aether
* Anaesthetic ether
* Anesthesia ether
* Anesthetic ether
* Diaethylaether
* Diethyl ether
* Diethyl oxide
* Dwuetylowy eter
* Etere etilico
* Ether
* Ether ethylique
* Ethoxyethane
* Ethyl ether
* Oxyde d'ethyle
* RCRA waste number U117
* Solvent ether
*** HEALTH HAZARD DATA ***
** SKIN/EYE IRRITATION DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human
DOSE/DURATION : 100 ppm
REFERENCE :
JIHTAB Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. (Cambridge, MA)
V.18-31, 1936-49. For publisher information, see AEHLAU.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 25,282,1943
TYPE OF TEST : Open irritation test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 360 mg
REACTION SEVERITY : Mild
REFERENCE :
UCDS** Union Carbide Data Sheet. (Union Carbide Corp., 39 Old Ridgebury
Rd., Danbury, CT 06817) Volume(issue)/page/year: 4/5/1973
TYPE OF TEST : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 100 mg
REACTION SEVERITY : Moderate
REFERENCE :
FEPRA7 Federation Proceedings, Federation of American Societies for
Experimental Biology. (Bethesda, MD) V.1-46, 1942-87.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 35,729,1976
TYPE OF TEST : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION : 50 mg/24H
REACTION SEVERITY : Severe
REFERENCE :
HIFUAG Hifu. Skin. (Nippon Hifuka Gakkai Osaka Chihokai, c/o Osaka Daigaku
Igakubu, 1-1-50 Fukushima, Fukushima-ku, Osaka 553, Japan) V.1- 1959-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,373,1980
** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION : 260 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
85DCAI "Poisoning; Toxicology, Symptoms, Treatments," 2nd ed., Arena, J.M.,
Springfield, IL, C.C. Thomas, 1970 Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,73,1970
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human
DOSE/DURATION : 200 ppm
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - effect, not otherwise
specified
REFERENCE :
JIHTAB Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. (Cambridge, MA)
V.18-31, 1936-49. For publisher information, see AEHLAU.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 25,282,1943
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 1215 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year:
19,699,1971
TYPE OF TEST : LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 32000 ppm/4H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
AIHAAP American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. (AIHA, 475 Wolf
Ledges Pkwy., Akron, OH 44311) V.19- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year:
23,95,1962
TYPE OF TEST : LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 31000 ppm/30M
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
REFERENCE :
JIDOAA Experimental Animals. Jikken Dobutso Iho. (Nippon Jikken Dobutsu
Gakkai, c/o Keio Gijuku Daigaku Igakubu Jikken Dobutsu Senta, 35
Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160, Japan) V.1- 1952-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 34,379,1985
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 2420 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
PWPSA8 Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society. (Univ. of
California Dept. of Pharmacology, Los Angeles, CA 90024) V.1- 1958-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 27,511,1984
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 8 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
HBAMAK "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." (Leipzig,
Ger. Dem. Rep.) Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,1295,1935
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 996 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
JPMSAE Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. (American Pharmaceutical Assoc.,
2215 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20037) V.50- 1961-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 67,566,1978
TYPE OF TEST : LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION : 76000 ppm
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
HBAMAK "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." (Leipzig,
Ger. Dem. Rep.) Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,1294,1935
TYPE OF TEST : LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 106000 ppm
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
HBAMAK "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." (Leipzig,
Ger. Dem. Rep.) Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,1294,1935
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : >20 mL/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
AIHAAP American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. (AIHA, 475 Wolf
Ledges Pkwy., Akron, OH 44311) V.19- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year:
23,95,1962
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION : 2 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue
levels - other transferases
REFERENCE :
AIHAAP American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. (AIHA, 475 Wolf
Ledges Pkwy., Akron, OH 44311) V.19- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year:
35,21,1974
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Amphibian - frog
DOSE/DURATION : 24 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
HBAMAK "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." (Leipzig,
Ger. Dem. Rep.) Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,1295,1935
** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 1000 ppm/24H/5W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - other changes
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
ANESAV Anesthesiology. (Lippincott/Harper, Journal Fulfillment Dept., 2350
Virginia Ave., Hagerstown, MD 21740) V.1- 1940- Volume(issue)/page/year:
42,408,1975
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION : 1 pph/24H/5W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
Related to Chronic Data - death
REFERENCE :
ANESAV Anesthesiology. (Lippincott/Harper, Journal Fulfillment Dept., 2350
Virginia Ave., Hagerstown, MD 21740) V.1- 1940- Volume(issue)/page/year:
42,408,1975
** MUTATION DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : DNA repair
TEST SYSTEM : Bacteria - Escherichia coli
DOSE/DURATION : 35670 ug/well/16H
REFERENCE :
CBINA8 Chemico-Biological Interactions. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland
Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1969- Volume(issue)/page/year:
15,219,1976
TYPE OF TEST : DNA inhibition
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse Embryo
DOSE/DURATION : 2850 mg/L
REFERENCE :
JJATDK JAT, Journal of Applied Toxicology. (John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Baffins
Lane, Chichester, W. Sussex PO19 1UD, UK) V.1- 1981-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,1,1985
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Fibroblast
DOSE/DURATION : 1 pph
REFERENCE :
ANESAV Anesthesiology. (Lippincott/Harper, Journal Fulfillment Dept., 2350
Virginia Ave., Hagerstown, MD 21740) V.1- 1940- Volume(issue)/page/year:
43,21,1975
*** REVIEWS ***
ACGIH TLV-STEL 1520 mg/m3 (500 ppm)
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
(BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year:
TLV/BEI,1997
ACGIH TLV-TWA 1210 mg/m3 (400 ppm)
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
(BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year:
TLV/BEI,1997
IARC Cancer Review:Animal No Adequate Data
IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49
Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year:
7,93,1987
*** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS ***
MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 400 ppm (1200 mg/m3)
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
(BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year:
3,106,1971
OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 400 ppm (1200 mg/m3)
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year:
29,1910.1000,1994
OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 400 ppm (1200 mg/m3)
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year:
29,1926.55,1994
OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 400 ppm (1200 mg/m3)
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year:
29,1915.1000,1993
OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 400 ppm (1200 mg/m3)
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year:
41,50-204.50,1994
*** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS ***
OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 400 ppm (1200 mg/m3);STEL 500 ppm (1500 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-AUSTRIA:TWA 400 ppm (1200 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 400 ppm (1210 mg/m3);STEL 500 ppm (1520 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-DENMARK:TWA 400 ppm (1200 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-FINLAND:TWA 400 ppm (1200 mg/m3);STEL 500 ppm (1500 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-FRANCE:TWA 400 ppm (1200 mg/m3);STEL 500 ppm (1500 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-GERMANY:TWA 400 ppm (1200 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 300 mg/m3;STEL 600 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-JAPAN:TWA 400 ppm (1200 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 400 ppm (1200 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 400 ppm (1200 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-POLAND:TWA 300 mg/m3 JAN 1993
OEL-RUSSIA:TWA 400 ppm;STEL 300 mg/m3 JAN 1993
OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 400 ppm (1200 mg/m3);STEL 500 ppm (1500 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 400 ppm (1200 mg/m3);STEL 800 ppm JAN 1993
OEL-TURKEY:TWA 400 ppm (1200 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 400 ppm (1200 mg/m3);STEL 500 ppm JAN 1993
OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV
OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
*** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA ***
NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA :
NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974)
NOHS Hazard Code - 32590
No. of Facilities: 17282 (estimated)
No. of Industries: 112
No. of Occupations: 82
No. of Employees: 161572 (estimated)
NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983)
NOES Hazard Code - 32590
No. of Facilities: 21212 (estimated)
No. of Industries: 104
No. of Occupations: 78
No. of Employees: 272746 (estimated)
No. of Female Employees: 35683 (estimated)
*** STATUS IN U.S. ***
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: E coli polA without S9
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: Aspergillus-forward mutation; Sperm
morphology-mouse
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: Histidine reversion-Ames test
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
On EPA IRIS database
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JUNE 1998
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Ethyl ether, 1610
*** END OF RECORD ***