*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION *** RTECS NUMBER : KI8575000 CHEMICAL NAME : Ethane, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloro- CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 79-34-5 BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. : 0969206 REFERENCE : 4-01-00-00144 (Beilstein Handbook Reference) LAST UPDATED : 199712 DATA ITEMS CITED : 70 MOLECULAR FORMULA : C2-H2-Cl4 MOLECULAR WEIGHT : 167.84 WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : GYGYGG COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR : Agricultural Chemical Tumorigen Drug Mutagen Human SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES : * Acetylene tetrachloride * Bonoform * Cellon * 1,1,2,2-Czterochloroetan * 1,1-Dichloro-2,2-dichloroethane * NCI-C03554 * RCRA waste number U209 * TCE * 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloorethaan * 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloraethan * Tetrachlorethane * 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane * 1,1,2,2-Tetrachlorethane * Tetrachloroethane * s-Tetrachloroethane * sym-Tetrachloroethane * 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane * 1,1,2,2-Tetracloroetano * Tetrachlorure d'acetylene * Westron *** HEALTH HAZARD DATA *** ** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA ** TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Human DOSE/DURATION : 30 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - general anesthetic REFERENCE : PCOC** Pesticide Chemicals Official Compendium, Association of the American Pesticide Control Officials, Inc., 1966. (Topeka, KS) Volume(issue)/page/year: -,1110,1966 TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation SPECIES OBSERVED : Human DOSE/DURATION : 1000 mg/m3/30M TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions REFERENCE : AHBAAM Archiv fuer Hygiene und Bakteriologie. (Munich, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.101-154, 1929-71. For publisher information, see ZHPMAT. Volume(issue)/page/year: 116,131,1936 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 250 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : ZHYGAM Zeitschrift fuer die Gesamte Hygiene und Ihre Grenzgebiete. (VEB Verlag Volk und Gesundheit, Neue Gruenstr. 18, Berlin DDR-1020, Ger. Dem. Rep.) V.1- 1955- Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,278,1977 TYPE OF TEST : LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 1000 ppm/4H TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : JIHTAB Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. (Cambridge, MA) V.18-31, 1936-49. For publisher information, see AEHLAU. Volume(issue)/page/year: 31,343,1949 TYPE OF TEST : LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 4500 mg/m3/2H TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : 85GMAT "Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects, GKNT, 1982 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,107,1982 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 821 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : SAIGBL Sangyo Igaku. Japanese Journal of Industrial Health. (Nippon Sangyo Eisei Igakkai, Kosu Eisei Bldg., 1-29-8, Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160, Japan) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,371,1966 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 1108 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - sleep Behavioral - ataxia REFERENCE : JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10- Volume(issue)/page/year: 123,224,1958 TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog DOSE/DURATION : 300 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Liver - hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Behavioral - sleep Liver - fatty liver degeneration REFERENCE : AJHYA2 American Journal of Hygiene. (Baltimore, MD) V.1-80, 1921-64. For publisher information, see AJEPAS. Volume(issue)/page/year: 16,325,1932 TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog DOSE/DURATION : 50 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : QJPPAL Quarterly Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacology. (London, UK) V.2-21, 1929-48. For publisher information, see JPPMAB. Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,205,1934 TYPE OF TEST : LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - cat DOSE/DURATION : 19 gm/m3/45M TOXIC EFFECTS : Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Behavioral - general anesthetic Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands REFERENCE : AHBAAM Archiv fuer Hygiene und Bakteriologie. (Munich, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.101-154, 1929-71. For publisher information, see ZHPMAT. Volume(issue)/page/year: 116,131,1936 TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit DOSE/DURATION : 500 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : QJPPAL Quarterly Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacology. (London, UK) V.2-21, 1929-48. For publisher information, see JPPMAB. Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,205,1934 TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig DOSE/DURATION : 500 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Liver - fatty liver degeneration REFERENCE : AIHAAP American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. (AIHA, 475 Wolf Ledges Pkwy., Akron, OH 44311) V.19- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year: 35,21,1974 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA ** TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 9480 mg/kg/6W-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Related to Chronic Data - death REFERENCE : NCITR* National Cancer Institute Carcinogenesis Technical Report Series. (Bethesda, MD) No.0-205. For publisher information, see NTPTR*. Volume(issue)/page/year: NCI-TR-27,1978 TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 50 mg/m3/4H/6W-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Brain and Coverings - recordings from specific areas of CNS Liver - changes in liver weight Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) REFERENCE : GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 21(2),30,1977 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 16 gm/kg/40D-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - sleep Liver - fatty liver degeneration Related to Chronic Data - death REFERENCE : SAIGBL Sangyo Igaku. Japanese Journal of Industrial Health. (Nippon Sangyo Eisei Igakkai, Kosu Eisei Bldg., 1-29-8, Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160, Japan) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,371,1966 ** TUMORIGENIC DATA ** TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 42 gm/kg/78W-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors REFERENCE : NCITR* National Cancer Institute Carcinogenesis Technical Report Series. (Bethesda, MD) No.0-205. For publisher information, see NTPTR*. Volume(issue)/page/year: NCI-TR-27,1978 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 55 gm/kg/78W-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors REFERENCE : NCITR* National Cancer Institute Carcinogenesis Technical Report Series. (Bethesda, MD) No.0-205. For publisher information, see NTPTR*. Volume(issue)/page/year: NCI-TR-27,1978 TYPE OF TEST : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest) ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 110 gm/kg/78W-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors REFERENCE : NCITR* National Cancer Institute Carcinogenesis Technical Report Series. (Bethesda, MD) No.0-205. For publisher information, see NTPTR*. Volume(issue)/page/year: NCI-TR-27,1978 ** MUTATION DATA ** TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in microorganisms TEST SYSTEM : Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium DOSE/DURATION : 10 ug/plate REFERENCE : TECSDY Toxicological and Environmental Chemistry. (Gordon & Breach Science Pub. Inc., 1 Park Ave., New York, NY 10016) V.3(3/4)- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,101,1987 TYPE OF TEST : Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified TEST SYSTEM : Bacteria - Escherichia coli DOSE/DURATION : 14768 umol/L REFERENCE : EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,98,1992 TYPE OF TEST : DNA repair TEST SYSTEM : Bacteria - Escherichia coli DOSE/DURATION : 15866 ug/plate REFERENCE : CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941- Volume(issue)/page/year: 34,2576,1974 TYPE OF TEST : Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction TEST SYSTEM : Mold - Aspergillus nidulans DOSE/DURATION : 200 ppm REFERENCE : MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 201,401,1988 TYPE OF TEST : DNA inhibition TEST SYSTEM : Human HeLa cell DOSE/DURATION : 6 mmol/L REFERENCE : CRNGDP Carcinogenesis (London). (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House, Southfield Road, Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK) V.1- 1980- Volume(issue)/page/year: 13,2389,1992 TYPE OF TEST : Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 200 mg/kg REFERENCE : MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 343,157,1995 TYPE OF TEST : Sister chromatid exchange TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Ovary DOSE/DURATION : 56 mg/L REFERENCE : EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10(Suppl 10),1,1987 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 6.9 mg/m3 (1 ppm) (skin) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Limited Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 20,477,1979 IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,354,1987 IARC Cancer Review:Group 3 IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,354,1987 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AIHAAP American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. (AIHA, 475 Wolf Ledges Pkwy., Akron, OH 44311) V.19- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year: 40(3),A46,1979 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 5 ppm (35 mg/m3) (skin) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,249,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 5 ppm (35 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 5 ppm (35 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 5 ppm (35 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 5 ppm (35 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 1 ppm (7 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRIA:TWA 1 ppm (7 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 1 ppm (6.9 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 1 ppm (7 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 1 ppm (7 mg/m3);STEL 3 ppm (21 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 1 ppm (7 mg/m3);STEL 5 ppm (35 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 1 ppm (7 mg/m3);Skin;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-JAPAN:TWA 1 ppm (6.9 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 1 ppm (7 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 5 ppm (35 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:TWA 1 ppm JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 1 ppm (7 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 5 ppm (35 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO 1,1,2,2-TETRACHLOROETHANE-air:10H CA TWA 1 ppm REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 71460 No. of Facilities: 244 (estimated) No. of Industries: 8 No. of Occupations: 15 No. of Employees: 7044 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 71460 No. of Facilities: 501 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 10 No. of Employees: 4145 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 926 (estimated) *** STATUS IN U.S. *** ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information. Volume(issue)/page/year: PB/90/182148/AS EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: E coli polA without S9; S cerevisiae gene conversion EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: S cerevisiae-homozygosis; S cerevisiae-reversion EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive/limited: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies On EPA IRIS database EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JUNE 1998 NIOSH CURRENT INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN 27, 1978 NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane, 1019 NCI Carcinogenesis Bioassay (gavage);clear evidence:mouse NCITR* National Cancer Institute Carcinogenesis Technical Report Series. (Bethesda, MD) No.0-205. For publisher information, see NTPTR*. Volume(issue)/page/year: NCI-TR-27,78 NCI Carcinogenesis Bioassay (gavage);equivocal evidence:rat NCITR* National Cancer Institute Carcinogenesis Technical Report Series. (Bethesda, MD) No.0-205. For publisher information, see NTPTR*. Volume(issue)/page/year: NCI-TR-27,78 NTP Toxicity studies, RPT# TOX-45, October 1997 NTP Carcinogenesis studies; on test (prechronic studies), October 1997 NTP Carcinogenesis studies; test completed (peer review), October 1997 *** END OF RECORD ***