*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION ***
RTECS NUMBER : KN7820000
CHEMICAL NAME : Ether, 2,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoroethyl methyl
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 76-38-0
BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. : 1737766
REFERENCE : 4-02-00-00503 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
LAST UPDATED : 199710
DATA ITEMS CITED : 34
MOLECULAR FORMULA : C3-H4-Cl2-F2-O
MOLECULAR WEIGHT : 164.97
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : GYGXFFO1
COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR : Tumorigen
Drug
Mutagen
Reproductive Effector
Human
Primary Irritant
SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES :
* Analgizer
* Anecotan
* 2,2-Dichloro-1,1-difluoroethyl methyl ether
* Ethane, 2,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoro-1-methoxy-
* Ingalan
* Inhalan
* Methoflurane
* Methoxane
* Methoxyfluran
* Methoxyflurane
* Metofane
* Metoxfluran
* Metoxifluran
* NSC-110432
* Penthrane
* Pentran
* Pentrane
*** HEALTH HAZARD DATA ***
** SKIN/EYE IRRITATION DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 100 mg
REACTION SEVERITY : Moderate
REFERENCE :
FEPRA7 Federation Proceedings, Federation of American Societies for
Experimental Biology. (Bethesda, MD) V.1-46, 1942-87.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 35,729,1976
** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human
DOSE/DURATION : 3500 ppm/1H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - renal function tests depressed
REFERENCE :
CANJAE Canadian Anaesthetists' Society Journal. (Toronto, Ont., Canada)
V.1-33, 1954-86. Volume(issue)/page/year: 21,294,1974
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 3600 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
85GMAT "Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single
Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects,
GKNT, 1982 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,53,1982
TYPE OF TEST : LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 33500 mg/m3/4H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
85GMAT "Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single
Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects,
GKNT, 1982 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,53,1982
TYPE OF TEST : LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 21500 mg/m3
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - general anesthetic
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
Behavioral - excitement
REFERENCE :
GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and
Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)
V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI
Volume(issue)/page/year: 22(7),55,1978
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 150 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
USXXAM United States Patent Document. (U.S. Patent Office, Box 9,
Washington, DC 20231) Volume(issue)/page/year: #4168308
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - species unspecified
DOSE/DURATION : 3600 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - antipsychotic
REFERENCE :
GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and
Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)
V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI
Volume(issue)/page/year: 24(4),55,1980
TYPE OF TEST : LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - species unspecified
DOSE/DURATION : 34 gm/m3
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - antipsychotic
REFERENCE :
GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and
Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)
V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI
Volume(issue)/page/year: 24(4),55,1980
** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 50 ppm/24H/14W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - changes in liver weight
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition
Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue
levels - hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation,
etc.)
REFERENCE :
APTOA6 Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica. (Copenhagen, Denmark) V.1-59,
1945-86. For publisher information, see PHTOEH Volume(issue)/page/year:
57,176,1985
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 48600 mg/m3/4H/30D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - other changes
REFERENCE :
FATOAO Farmakologiya i Toksikologiya (Moscow). For English translation, see
PHTXA6 and RPTOAN. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.2-
1939- Volume(issue)/page/year: 35,271,1972
** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 100 ppm/8H
SEX/DURATION : female 1-21 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
e.g., stunted fetus)
REFERENCE :
ANESAV Anesthesiology. (Lippincott/Harper, Journal Fulfillment Dept., 2350
Virginia Ave., Hagerstown, MD 21740) V.1- 1940- Volume(issue)/page/year:
48,11,1978
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 400 ppm/8H
SEX/DURATION : female 1-21 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
ANESAV Anesthesiology. (Lippincott/Harper, Journal Fulfillment Dept., 2350
Virginia Ave., Hagerstown, MD 21740) V.1- 1940- Volume(issue)/page/year:
48,11,1978
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 2 ppm/4H
SEX/DURATION : female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - urogenital system
REFERENCE :
AACRAT Anesthesia and Analgesia (New York). (Elsevier Science Pub. Co.,
Inc., 52 Vanderbilt Ave., New York, NY 10017) V.36- 1957-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 59,421,1980
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 2000 ppm/4H
SEX/DURATION : female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
e.g., stunted fetus)
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
AACRAT Anesthesia and Analgesia (New York). (Elsevier Science Pub. Co.,
Inc., 52 Vanderbilt Ave., New York, NY 10017) V.36- 1957-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 59,421,1980
** MUTATION DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis
TEST SYSTEM : Human Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 200 ppm/24H
REFERENCE :
ENVRAL Environmental Research. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St.,
Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 12,366,1976
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 5000 ppm/3H (Continuous)
REFERENCE :
EXPEAM Experientia. (Birkhaeuser Verlag, POB 133, CH-4010 Basel,
Switzerland) V.1- 1945- Volume(issue)/page/year: 35,71,1979
TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse Fibroblast
DOSE/DURATION : 100 ppm
REFERENCE :
ENVRAL Environmental Research. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St.,
Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 12,366,1976
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Fibroblast
DOSE/DURATION : 1 pph
REFERENCE :
ANESAV Anesthesiology. (Lippincott/Harper, Journal Fulfillment Dept., 2350
Virginia Ave., Hagerstown, MD 21740) V.1- 1940- Volume(issue)/page/year:
43,21,1975
TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Parenteral
TEST SYSTEM : Bird - chicken
DOSE/DURATION : 10 mg
REFERENCE :
ENVRAL Environmental Research. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St.,
Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 12,366,1976
*** REVIEWS ***
IARC Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence
IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49
Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year:
7,93,1987
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
ARPTDI Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology. (Annual Reviews, Inc.,
POB 10139, Palo Alto, CA 94303) V.16- 1976- Volume(issue)/page/year:
16,67,1976
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
KDYIA5 Kidney International. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service
Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus Secaucus, NJ 07094) V.1- 1972-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,82,1976
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
CANJAE Canadian Anaesthetists' Society Journal. (Toronto, Ont., Canada)
V.1-33, 1954-86. Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,152,1972
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
ARMCAH Annual Review of Medicine. (Annual Reviews, Inc., POB 10139, Palo
Alto, CA 94303) V.1- 1950- Volume(issue)/page/year: 25,411,1974
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
AACRAT Anesthesia and Analgesia (New York). (Elsevier Science Pub. Co.,
Inc., 52 Vanderbilt Ave., New York, NY 10017) V.36- 1957-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 57,328,1978
*** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS ***
OEL-DENMARK:TWA 2 ppm (14 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 200 mg/m3 JAN 1993
*** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA ***
NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) :
NIOSH REL TO METHOXYFLURANE-air:CL 2 ppm
REFERENCE :
NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of
Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992
NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA :
NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974)
NOHS Hazard Code - 82904
No. of Facilities: 627 (estimated)
No. of Industries: 2
No. of Occupations: 6
No. of Employees: 8095 (estimated)
NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983)
NOES Hazard Code - 82904
No. of Facilities: 2120 (estimated)
No. of Industries: 2
No. of Occupations: 14
No. of Employees: 32772 (estimated)
No. of Female Employees: 18210 (estimated)
*** STATUS IN U.S. ***
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: Sperm morphology-mouse
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: Histidine reversion-Ames test
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JUNE 1998
*** END OF RECORD ***