*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION ***

RTECS NUMBER            : LQ2100000
CHEMICAL NAME           : Formamide, N,N-dimethyl-
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER     : 68-12-2
LAST UPDATED            : 199806
DATA ITEMS CITED        : 102
MOLECULAR FORMULA       : C3-H7-N-O
MOLECULAR WEIGHT        : 73.11
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : VHN1&1
COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR     : Tumorigen
                          Mutagen
                          Reproductive Effector
                          Primary Irritant
SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES :
   * Dimethylamid kyseliny mravenci
   * Dimethylformamid
   * Dimethyl formamide
   * N,N-Dimethyl formamide
   * Dimethylformamide
   * N,N-Dimethylmethanamide
   * Dimetilformamide
   * Dimetylformamidu
   * DMF
   * DMFA
   * Dwumetyloformamid
   * N-Formyldimethylamine
   * NCI-C60913
   * NSC 5356
   * U-4224
 
                       *** HEALTH HAZARD DATA ***
 
                      ** SKIN/EYE IRRITATION DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Human
DOSE/DURATION           : 100%/24H
REACTION SEVERITY       : Mild
REFERENCE :
   BJIMAG British Journal of Industrial Medicine.  (British Medical Journal,
   Box 560B, Kennebunkport, ME 04046)  V.1-    1944-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   13,51,1956
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Rinsed with water
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION           : 100 mg
REACTION SEVERITY       : Severe
REFERENCE :
   DCTODJ Drug and Chemical Toxicology.  (Marcel Dekker, 270 Madison Ave., New
   York, NY 10016) V.1-    1977/78-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,147,1986
 
                        ** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 2800 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   ZEKBAI Zeitschrift fuer Krebsforschung.  (Berlin, Fed. Rep. Ger.)  V.1-75,
   1903-71.  For publisher information, see JCROD7.  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   69,103,1967
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 5000 ppm/6H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   USXXAM United States Patent Document.  (U.S. Patent Office, Box 9,
   Washington, DC 20231)  Volume(issue)/page/year: #5122301
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD - Lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : >3160 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   NTIS** National Technical Information Service.  (Springfield, VA 22161)
   Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: OTS0516779
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 1400 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
   Behavioral - muscle weakness
   Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
   BJIMAG British Journal of Industrial Medicine.  (British Medical Journal,
   Box 560B, Kennebunkport, ME 04046)  V.1-    1944-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   13,51,1956
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 3800 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research.  (Editio Cantor Verlag,
   Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.)  V.1-    1951-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,618,1965
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 2 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   ZEKBAI Zeitschrift fuer Krebsforschung.  (Berlin, Fed. Rep. Ger.)  V.1-75,
   1903-71.  For publisher information, see JCROD7.  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   69,103,1967
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : >3 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research.  (Editio Cantor Verlag,
   Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.)  V.1-    1951-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 18,645,1968
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 3700 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
   Behavioral - excitement
   Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity
REFERENCE :
   GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya.  For English translation, see HYSAAV.  (V/O
   Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)  V.1-    1936-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 23(5),31,1958
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 9400 mg/m3/2H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
   Behavioral - muscle weakness
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
REFERENCE :
   TPKVAL Toksikologiya Novykh Promyshlennykh Khimicheskikh Veshchestv.
   Toxicology of New Industrial Chemical Substances.  For English translation,
   see TNICS*.  (Izdatel'stvo Meditsina, Moscow, USSR)  No.1-    1961-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,54,1961
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 650 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   CNCRA6 Cancer Chemotherapy Reports.  (Bethesda, MD)  V.1-52, 1959-68.  For
   publisher information, see CTRRDO.  Volume(issue)/page/year: 30,9,1963
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 4500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research.  (Editio Cantor Verlag,
   Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.)  V.1-    1951-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,618,1965
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 2500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research.  (Editio Cantor Verlag,
   Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.)  V.1-    1951-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,618,1965
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 3900 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research.  (Editio Cantor Verlag,
   Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.)  V.1-    1951-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,618,1965
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION           : 470 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research.  (Editio Cantor Verlag,
   Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.)  V.1-    1951-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,618,1965
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION           : 500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Liver - other changes
   Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition
   Blood - changes in cell count (unspecified)
REFERENCE :
   BJIMAG British Journal of Industrial Medicine.  (British Medical Journal,
   Box 560B, Kennebunkport, ME 04046)  V.1-    1944-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   13,51,1956
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION           : 5 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   NTIS** National Technical Information Service.  (Springfield, VA 22161)
   Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: OTS0520699
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION           : 4720 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   AIHAAP American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal.  (AIHA, 475 Wolf
   Ledges Pkwy., Akron, OH 44311)  V.19-    1958-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   30,470,1969
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION           : 1 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Liver - other changes
   Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition
   Blood - changes in cell count (unspecified)
REFERENCE :
   BJIMAG British Journal of Industrial Medicine.  (British Medical Journal,
   Box 560B, Kennebunkport, ME 04046)  V.1-    1944-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   13,51,1956
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION           : 1800 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research.  (Editio Cantor Verlag,
   Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.)  V.1-    1951-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,618,1965
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION           : 4 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Liver - fatty liver degeneration
REFERENCE :
   AIHAAP American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal.  (AIHA, 475 Wolf
   Ledges Pkwy., Akron, OH 44311)  V.19-    1958-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   35,21,1974
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION           : 1050 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research.  (Editio Cantor Verlag,
   Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.)  V.1-    1951-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,618,1965
 
                 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 13 gm/kg/15W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - food intake (animal)
   Liver - changes in liver weight
   Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
   TOXID9 Toxicologist.  (Soc. of Toxicology, Inc., 475 Wolf Ledge Parkway,
   Akron, OH 44311) V.1-    1981-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,128,1983
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 5400 mg/kg/90D-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Liver - changes in liver weight
   Blood - changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count
   Blood - changes in leukocyte (WBC) count
REFERENCE :
   DCTODJ Drug and Chemical Toxicology.  (Marcel Dekker, 270 Madison Ave., New
   York, NY 10016) V.1-    1977/78-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,147,1986
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 400 ppm/6H/13W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Liver - changes in liver weight
   Blood - changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count
   Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue
   levels - transaminases
REFERENCE :
   NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series.  (Research
   Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206-  Volume(issue)/page/year: NIH-93-3345
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 300 mg/m3/4H/26W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Brain and Coverings - recordings from specific areas of CNS
   Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex)
REFERENCE :
   GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya.  For English translation, see HYSAAV.  (V/O
   Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)  V.1-    1936-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 23(5),31,1958
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 500 ug/m3/24H/60D-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition
   Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue
   levels - true cholinesterase
   Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - porphyrin including bile pigments
REFERENCE :
   GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya.  For English translation, see HYSAAV.  (V/O
   Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)  V.1-    1936-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 27(4),3,1962
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 2523 ppm/6H/5D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Related to Chronic Data - death
REFERENCE :
   DCTODJ Drug and Chemical Toxicology.  (Marcel Dekker, 270 Madison Ave., New
   York, NY 10016) V.1-    1977/78-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,147,1986
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 800 ppm/6H/13W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Liver - changes in liver weight
   Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in bladder weight
   Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
   NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series.  (Research
   Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206-  Volume(issue)/page/year: NIH-93-3345
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION           : 18 gm/kg/2W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
   Related to Chronic Data - death
REFERENCE :
   DCTODJ Drug and Chemical Toxicology.  (Marcel Dekker, 270 Madison Ave., New
   York, NY 10016) V.1-    1977/78-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,147,1986
 
                          ** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 5030 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or
   resorbed implants per total number of implants)
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - extra-embryonic structures
   (e.g., placenta, umbilical cord)
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
   e.g., stunted fetus)
REFERENCE :
   FCTOD7 Food and Chemical Toxicology.  (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House,
   Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523)  V.20-    1982- Volume(issue)/page/year:
   29,193,1991
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 800 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION            : female 13 week(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Maternal Effects - other effects
   Endocrine - effect on menstrual cycle
REFERENCE :
   NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series.  (Research
   Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206-  Volume(issue)/page/year: NIH-93-3345
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 50 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION            : male 13 week(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material,
   sperm morphology, motility, and count)
REFERENCE :
   NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series.  (Research
   Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206-  Volume(issue)/page/year: NIH-93-3345
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 4 mg/m3/4H
SEX/DURATION            : female 1-19 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in
   number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea)
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
   e.g., stunted fetus)
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
REFERENCE :
   TPKVAL Toksikologiya Novykh Promyshlennykh Khimicheskikh Veshchestv.
   Toxicology of New Industrial Chemical Substances.  For English translation,
   see TNICS*.  (Izdatel'stvo Meditsina, Moscow, USSR)  No.1-    1961-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 14,32,1975
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 600 mg/m3/24H
SEX/DURATION            : female 1-19 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral
REFERENCE :
   TPKVAL Toksikologiya Novykh Promyshlennykh Khimicheskikh Veshchestv.
   Toxicology of New Industrial Chemical Substances.  For English translation,
   see TNICS*.  (Izdatel'stvo Meditsina, Moscow, USSR)  No.1-    1961-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 13,75,1973
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 287 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION            : female 0-19 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or
   resorbed implants per total number of implants)
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - extra-embryonic structures
   (e.g., placenta, umbilical cord)
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
   e.g., stunted fetus)
REFERENCE :
   FCTOD7 Food and Chemical Toxicology.  (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House,
   Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523)  V.20-    1982- Volume(issue)/page/year:
   29,,193,1991
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 300 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION            : female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
   e.g., stunted fetus)
REFERENCE :
   DCTODJ Drug and Chemical Toxicology.  (Marcel Dekker, 270 Madison Ave., New
   York, NY 10016) V.1-    1977/78-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,1,1992
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 3600 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 11-13 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
REFERENCE :
   TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology.  (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
   First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1-    1959-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   41,35,1977
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 7552 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
   e.g., stunted fetus)
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - other effects to embryo
REFERENCE :
   FCTOD7 Food and Chemical Toxicology.  (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House,
   Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523)  V.20-    1982- Volume(issue)/page/year:
   29,193,1991
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 20 gm/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in
   number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea)
   Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or
   resorbed implants per total number of implants)
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
   e.g., stunted fetus)
REFERENCE :
   JJATDK JAT, Journal of Applied Toxicology.  (John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Baffins
   Lane, Chichester, W. Sussex PO19 1UD, UK)  V.1-    1981-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,333,1990
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 20 gm/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 1-20 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Fertility - female fertility index (e.g. # females pregnant
   per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # females mated)
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - delayed effects
REFERENCE :
   JJATDK JAT, Journal of Applied Toxicology.  (John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Baffins
   Lane, Chichester, W. Sussex PO19 1UD, UK)  V.1-    1981-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,333,1990
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE                    : 1820 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
   e.g., stunted fetus)
REFERENCE :
   FCTOD7 Food and Chemical Toxicology.  (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House,
   Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523)  V.20-    1982- Volume(issue)/page/year:
   29,193,1991
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE                    : 200 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION            : female 13 week(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Maternal Effects - other effects
   Endocrine - effect on menstrual cycle
REFERENCE :
   NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series.  (Research
   Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206-  Volume(issue)/page/year: NIH-93-3345
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE                    : 2100 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 11 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or
   resorbed implants per total number of implants)
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
   e.g., stunted fetus)
REFERENCE :
   DEGEA3 Deutsche Gesundheitswesen.  (VEB Verlag Volk und Gesundheit, Neue
   Gruenstr. 18, Berlin DDR-1020, Ger. Dem. Rep.)  V.1-    1946-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 30,455,1975
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE                    : 15120 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 1-14 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial
   (including nose and tongue)
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - other developmental
   abnormalities
REFERENCE :
   DEGEA3 Deutsche Gesundheitswesen.  (VEB Verlag Volk und Gesundheit, Neue
   Gruenstr. 18, Berlin DDR-1020, Ger. Dem. Rep.)  V.1-    1946-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 30,455,1975
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE                    : 2600 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 6-18 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - body wall
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
   ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research.  (Editio Cantor Verlag,
   Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.)  V.1-    1951-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 30,1557,1980
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE                    : 2600 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 6-18 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
   e.g., stunted fetus)
REFERENCE :
   ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research.  (Editio Cantor Verlag,
   Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.)  V.1-    1951-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 30,1557,1980
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE                    : 450 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION            : female 7-19 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
   e.g., stunted fetus)
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - body wall
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
   FCTOD7 Food and Chemical Toxicology.  (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House,
   Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523)  V.20-    1982- Volume(issue)/page/year:
   29,193,1991
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE                    : 5200 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 6-18 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - other effects to embryo
REFERENCE :
   FCTOD7 Food and Chemical Toxicology.  (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House,
   Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523)  V.20-    1982- Volume(issue)/page/year:
   29,193,1991
 
                            ** MUTATION DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM             : Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium
DOSE/DURATION           : 600 ug/plate
REFERENCE :
   PMRSDJ Progress in Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. Co., Inc., 52
   Vanderbilt Ave., New York, NY 10017)  V.1-    1981- Volume(issue)/page/year:
   1,343,1981
 
TYPE OF TEST            : DNA repair
TEST SYSTEM             : Yeast - Saccharomyces cerevisiae
DOSE/DURATION           : 300 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   PMRSDJ Progress in Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. Co., Inc., 52
   Vanderbilt Ave., New York, NY 10017)  V.1-    1981- Volume(issue)/page/year:
   1,502,1981
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction
TEST SYSTEM             : Yeast - Saccharomyces cerevisiae
DOSE/DURATION           : 25 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   PMRSDJ Progress in Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. Co., Inc., 52
   Vanderbilt Ave., New York, NY 10017)  V.1-    1981- Volume(issue)/page/year:
   1,468,1981
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Cytogenetic analysis
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
TEST SYSTEM             : Human
DOSE/DURATION           : 12300 ug/m3/Y
REFERENCE :
   ZHYGAM Zeitschrift fuer die Gesamte Hygiene und Ihre Grenzgebiete.  (VEB
   Verlag Volk und Gesundheit, Neue Gruenstr. 18, Berlin DDR-1020, Ger. Dem.
   Rep.)  V.1-    1955-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 31,366,1985
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Cytogenetic analysis
TEST SYSTEM             : Human Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION           : 100 nmol/L
REFERENCE :
   CHPUA4 Chemicky Prumysl.  Chemical Industry.  (SNTL-Statni Nakladatelstvi
   Technicke Literatury, Spalena 51, 113 02 Prague 1, Czechoslovakia)  V.1-
   1951-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 31,548,1981
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Dominant lethal test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 10700 ug/m3
REFERENCE :
   TPKVAL Toksikologiya Novykh Promyshlennykh Khimicheskikh Veshchestv.
   Toxicology of New Industrial Chemical Substances.  For English translation,
   see TNICS*.  (Izdatel'stvo Meditsina, Moscow, USSR)  No.1-    1961-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,21,1979
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Micronucleus test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 500 ug/kg/24H
REFERENCE :
   DOYADI Dongwuxue Yanjiu.  Zoological Research.  (China International Book
   Trading Corp., POB 2820, Beijing, Peop. Rep. China)  V.1-    1980-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,27,1987
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Cytogenetic analysis
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 40 umol/kg
REFERENCE :
   CHPUA4 Chemicky Prumysl.  Chemical Industry.  (SNTL-Statni Nakladatelstvi
   Technicke Literatury, Spalena 51, 113 02 Prague 1, Czechoslovakia)  V.1-
   1951-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 31,548,1981
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Mutation in mammalian somatic cells
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - mouse Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION           : 5 gm/L
REFERENCE :
   EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis.  (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E.
   11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.10-    1987-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   11,91,1988
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Host-mediated assay
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - mouse Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium
DOSE/DURATION           : 4250 ug/kg
REFERENCE :
   CHPUA4 Chemicky Prumysl.  Chemical Industry.  (SNTL-Statni Nakladatelstvi
   Technicke Literatury, Spalena 51, 113 02 Prague 1, Czechoslovakia)  V.1-
   1951-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 31,548,1981

                              *** REVIEWS ***
 
   ACGIH TLV-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen
   DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
   (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
   Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   TLV/BEI,1997

   ACGIH TLV-TWA 30 mg/m3 (10 ppm) (skin)
   DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
   (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
   Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   TLV/BEI,1997

   IARC Cancer Review:Human Limited Evidence
   IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
   to Man.  (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
   V.1-    1972-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 47,171,1989

   IARC Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence
   IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
   to Man.  (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
   V.1-    1972-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 47,171,1989

   IARC Cancer Review:Group 2B
   IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
   to Man.  (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
   V.1-    1972-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 47,171,1989

   TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
   CMTVAS Cahiers de Medecine du Travail.  (Association Professionnelle Belge
   des Medecine du Travail, rue du Bultia, 6280 Gerpinnes, Belgium)  V.1- 1963-
    Volume(issue)/page/year: 10(3),49,1973

                    *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS ***
 
   MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) (skin)
   DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
   (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
   Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996  Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,90,1971

   OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) (skin)
   CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations.  (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
   of Documents, Washington, DC 20402)  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   29,1910.1000,1994

   OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) (skin)
   CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations.  (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
   of Documents, Washington, DC 20402)  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   29,1926.55,1994

   OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) (skin)
   CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations.  (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
   of Documents, Washington, DC 20402)  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   29,1915.1000,1993

   OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) (skin)
   CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations.  (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
   of Documents, Washington, DC 20402)  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   41,50-204.50,1994

                    *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS ***
 
   OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993
   
   OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993
   
   OEL-DENMARK:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993
   
   OEL-FINLAND:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);STEL 20 ppm (60 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993
   
   OEL-FRANCE:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993
   
   OEL-GERMANY:TWA 20 ppm (60 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993
   
   OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 10 mg/m3;STEL 20 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993
   
   OEL-JAPAN:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993
   
   OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993
   
   OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993
   
   OEL-POLAND:TWA 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993
   
   OEL-RUSSIA:TWA 10 ppm;STEL 10 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993
   
   OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);STEL 15 ppm (45 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993
   
   OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);STEL 20 ppm;Skin JAN 1993
   
   OEL-TURKEY:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993
   
   OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);STEL 20 ppm;Skin JAN 1993
   
   OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV
   
   OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV

         *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA ***

NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) :
   NIOSH REL TO DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE-air:10H TWA 10 ppm (Sk)
REFERENCE :
   NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of
   Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992

NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA :
   NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974)
     NOHS Hazard Code - 26560
       No. of Facilities: 3115 (estimated)
       No. of Industries: 64
       No. of Occupations: 71
       No. of Employees: 69191 (estimated)
   
   NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983)
     NOES Hazard Code - 26560
       No. of Facilities: 6209 (estimated)
       No. of Industries: 85
       No. of Occupations: 93
       No. of Employees: 124683 (estimated)
       No. of Female Employees: 16011 (estimated)

                          *** STATUS IN U.S. ***
 
   EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: SHE-clonal assay; Sperm morphology-mouse
   
   EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: In vitro UDS in rat liver
   
   EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: Mammalian micronucleus
   
   EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
   
   EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
   
   On EPA IRIS database
   
   EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JUNE 1998
   
   NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Dimethylformamide, 2004
   
   NTP Toxicity studies, RPT# TOX-22, October 1997
   
   OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #ID-66

 
                            *** END OF RECORD ***