*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION ***

RTECS NUMBER            : AS4375000
CHEMICAL NAME           : Acrylic acid
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER     : 79-10-7
BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. : 0635743
REFERENCE               : 4-02-00-01455 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
LAST UPDATED            : 199806
DATA ITEMS CITED        : 55
MOLECULAR FORMULA       : C3-H4-O2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT        : 72.07
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : QV1U1
COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR     : Tumorigen
                          Mutagen
                          Reproductive Effector
                          Primary Irritant
SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES :
   * Acroleic acid
   * Acrylic acid
   * Acrylic acid, glacial
   * Ethylenecarboxylic acid
   * Glacial acrylic acid
   * Kyselina akrylova
   * Propene acid
   * Propenoic acid
   * 2-Propenoic acid
   * RCRA waste number U008
   * Vinylformic acid
 
                       *** HEALTH HAZARD DATA ***
 
                      ** SKIN/EYE IRRITATION DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Open irritation test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION           : 500 mg
REACTION SEVERITY       : Severe
REFERENCE :
   UCDS** Union Carbide Data Sheet.  (Union Carbide Corp., 39 Old Ridgebury
   Rd., Danbury, CT 06817)  Volume(issue)/page/year: 2/2/1965
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION           : 5 mg/24H
REACTION SEVERITY       : Severe
REFERENCE :
   85JCAE "Prehled Prumyslove Toxikologie; Organicke Latky," Marhold, J.,
   Prague, Czechoslovakia, Avicenum, 1986  Volume(issue)/page/year: -,309,1986
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION           : 1 mg
REACTION SEVERITY       : Severe
REFERENCE :
   UCDS** Union Carbide Data Sheet.  (Union Carbide Corp., 39 Old Ridgebury
   Rd., Danbury, CT 06817)  Volume(issue)/page/year: 2/2/1965
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION           : 250 ug/24H
REACTION SEVERITY       : Severe
REFERENCE :
   85JCAE "Prehled Prumyslove Toxikologie; Organicke Latky," Marhold, J.,
   Prague, Czechoslovakia, Avicenum, 1986  Volume(issue)/page/year: -,309,1986
 
                        ** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 33500 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   85GMAT "Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single
   Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects,
   GKNT, 1982  Volume(issue)/page/year: -,16,1982
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 4000 ppm/4H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology.  (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
   First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1-    1959-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   28,313,1974
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 22 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   JDREAF Journal of Dental Research.  (International Assoc. for Dental
   Research, 734 15th St., NW, Suite 809, Washington, DC 20005)  V.1-    1919-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 51,1632,1972
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 1250 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya.  For English translation, see HYSAAV.  (V/O
   Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)  V.1-    1936-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 49(10),64,1984
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 2400 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - active as anti-cancer agent
REFERENCE :
   BIJOAK Biochemical Journal.  (Biochemical Soc. Book Depot, POB 32, Commerce
   Way, Colchester, Essex CO2 8HP, UK)  V.1-    1906- Volume(issue)/page/year:
   34,1196,1940
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 5300 mg/m3/2H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   85GMAT "Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single
   Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects,
   GKNT, 1982  Volume(issue)/page/year: -,16,1982
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 144 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   YKKZAJ Yakugaku Zasshi.  Journal of Pharmacy.  (Nippon Yakugakkai, 2-12-15
   Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan)  No.1-    1881-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 104,793,1984
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 1590 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   JPPMAB Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology.  (Pharmaceutical Soc. of Great
   Britain, 1 Lambeth High St., London SEI 7JN, UK)  V.1-    1949-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 21,85,1969
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 830 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya.  For English translation, see HYSAAV.  (V/O
   Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)  V.1-    1936-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 49(10),64,1984
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LC - Lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Primate - monkey
DOSE/DURATION           : >75 ppm/6H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - deviated nasal septum
   Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - ulcerated nasal septum
REFERENCE :
   TOXID9 Toxicologist.  (Soc. of Toxicology, Inc., 475 Wolf Ledge Parkway,
   Akron, OH 44311) V.1-    1981-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 36(1,pt2),113,1997
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION           : 280 uL/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology.  (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
   First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1-    1959-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   28,313,1974
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION           : 250 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya.  For English translation, see HYSAAV.  (V/O
   Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)  V.1-    1936-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 49(10),64,1984
 
                 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 22500 mg/kg/90D-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - fluid intake
   Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in bladder weight
   Related to Chronic Data - changes in testicular weight
REFERENCE :
   DCTODJ Drug and Chemical Toxicology.  (Marcel Dekker, 270 Madison Ave., New
   York, NY 10016) V.1-    1977/78-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,1,1983
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 223 ppm/6H/2W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - effect, not otherwise
   specified
   Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
   FAATDF Fundamental and Applied Toxicology.  (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
   First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1-    1981-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   1,271,1981
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 75 ppm/6H/13W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - effect, not otherwise
   specified
REFERENCE :
   FAATDF Fundamental and Applied Toxicology.  (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
   First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1-    1981-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   1,271,1981
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 223 ppm/6H/2W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - effect, not otherwise
   specified
   Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
   FAATDF Fundamental and Applied Toxicology.  (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
   First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1-    1981-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   1,271,1981
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 25 ppm/6H/13W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - effect, not otherwise
   specified
   Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
   FAATDF Fundamental and Applied Toxicology.  (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
   First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1-    1981-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   1,271,1981
 
                          ** TUMORIGENIC DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 37440 mg/kg/78W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
   Blood - leukemia
REFERENCE :
   EPASR* United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticides
   and Toxic Substances. (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M St., SW,
   Washington, DC 20460)  History unknown.  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   8EHQ-0386-0592
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 2912 mg/kg/52W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
   Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application
REFERENCE :
   CBINA8 Chemico-Biological Interactions.  (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland
   Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland)  V.1-    1969-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   61,189,1987
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 37440 mg/kg/78W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
   Skin and Appendages - tumors
REFERENCE :
   EPASR* United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticides
   and Toxic Substances. (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M St., SW,
   Washington, DC 20460)  History unknown.  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   8EHQ-0386-0592
 
                          ** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 169 gm/kg
SEX/DURATION            : male 13 week(s) pre-mating
                          female 13 week(s) pre-mating  - 3 week(s) post-birth
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight
   gain)
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - physical
REFERENCE :
   DCTODJ Drug and Chemical Toxicology.  (Marcel Dekker, 270 Madison Ave., New
   York, NY 10016) V.1-    1977/78-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,1,1983
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 14340 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 5-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - other developmental
   abnormalities
REFERENCE :
   JDREAF Journal of Dental Research.  (International Assoc. for Dental
   Research, 734 15th St., NW, Suite 809, Washington, DC 20005)  V.1-    1919-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 51,1632,1972
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 7329 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 5-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
   e.g., stunted fetus)
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
   JDREAF Journal of Dental Research.  (International Assoc. for Dental
   Research, 734 15th St., NW, Suite 809, Washington, DC 20005)  V.1-    1919-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 51,1632,1972
 
                            ** MUTATION DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Cytogenetic analysis
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - mouse Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION           : 450 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis.  (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E.
   11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.10-    1987-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   11,49,1988
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Mutation in mammalian somatic cells
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - mouse Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION           : 500 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis.  (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E.
   11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.10-    1987-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   11,49,1988
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Cytogenetic analysis
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - hamster Ovary
DOSE/DURATION           : 116 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   FCTOD7 Food and Chemical Toxicology.  (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House,
   Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523)  V.20-    1982- Volume(issue)/page/year:
   30,505,1992

                              *** REVIEWS ***
 
   ACGIH TLV-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen
   DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
   (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
   Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   TLV/BEI,1997

   ACGIH TLV-TWA 5.9 mg/m3 (2 ppm) (skin)
   DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
   (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
   Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   TLV/BEI,1997

   IARC Cancer Review:Animal No Adequate Data
   IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
   to Man.  (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
   V.1-    1972-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,47,1979

   IARC Cancer Review:Human No Adequate Data
   IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
   to Man.  (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
   V.1-    1972-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,47,1979

   IARC Cancer Review:Group 3
   IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement.  (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49
   Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)  No.1-    1979-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   7,56,1987

                    *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS ***
 
   OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) JAN 1993
   
   OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 10 ppm (29 mg/m3) JAN 1993
   
   OEL-DENMARK:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) JAN 1993
   
   OEL-FRANCE:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) JAN 1993
   
   OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) JAN 1993
   
   OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993
   
   OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);STEL 15 ppm (45 mg/m3) JAN 1993
   
   OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) JAN 1993
   
   OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);STEL 20 ppm (60 mg/m3) JAN 1993
   
   OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV
   
   OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV

         *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA ***

NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) :
   NIOSH REL TO ACRYLIC ACID-air:10H TWA 2 ppm (Sk)
REFERENCE :
   NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of
   Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992

NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA :
   NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974)
     NOHS Hazard Code - 03570
       No. of Facilities: 1679 (estimated)
       No. of Industries: 44
       No. of Occupations: 41
       No. of Employees: 28576 (estimated)
   
   NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983)
     NOES Hazard Code - 03570
       No. of Facilities: 4826 (estimated)
       No. of Industries: 74
       No. of Occupations: 67
       No. of Employees: 96535 (estimated)
       No. of Female Employees: 28146 (estimated)

                          *** STATUS IN U.S. ***
 
   EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
   
   EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
   
   EPA TSCA Section 8(e) Risk Notification, 8EHQ-0892-8796
   
   On EPA IRIS database
   
   EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JUNE 1998
   
   OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #28

 
                            *** END OF RECORD ***