*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION ***
RTECS NUMBER : MW4025000
CHEMICAL NAME : Hydrochloric acid
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 7647-01-0
OTHER CAS REGISTRY NOS. : 51005-19-7
61674-62-2
113962-65-5
LAST UPDATED : 199712
DATA ITEMS CITED : 61
MOLECULAR FORMULA : Cl-H
MOLECULAR WEIGHT : 36.46
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : H G
COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR : Tumorigen
Mutagen
Reproductive Effector
Human
Primary Irritant
SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES :
* Acide chlorhydrique
* Acido cloridrico
* Anhydrous hydrochloric acid
* Chloorwaterstof
* Chlorohydric acid
* Chlorowodor
* Chlorwasserstoff
* Hydrochloride
* Hydrogen chloride
* Muriatic acid
* Spirits of salt
*** HEALTH HAZARD DATA ***
** SKIN/EYE IRRITATION DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : Rinsed with water
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 5 mg/30S
REACTION SEVERITY : Mild
REFERENCE :
TXCYAC Toxicology. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland, Ltd., POB 85,
Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1973- Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,281,1982
** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human
DOSE/DURATION : 1300 ppm/30M
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
29ZWAE "Practical Toxicology of Plastics," Lefaux, R., Cleveland, OH,
Chemical Rubber Co., 1968 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,207,1968
TYPE OF TEST : LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human
DOSE/DURATION : 3000 ppm/5M
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
TABIA2 Tabulae Biologicae. (The Hague, Netherlands) V.1-22, 1925-63.
Discontinued. Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,231,1933
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION : 81 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
85DCAI "Poisoning; Toxicology, Symptoms, Treatments," 2nd ed., Arena, J.M.,
Springfield, IL, C.C. Thomas, 1970 Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,73,1970
TYPE OF TEST : LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 3124 ppm/1H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - effect, not otherwise
specified
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - iritis
REFERENCE :
AMRL** Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory Report. (Aerospace Technical
Div., Air Force Systems Command, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH 45433)
Volume(issue)/page/year: TR-74-78,1974
TYPE OF TEST : LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 1108 ppm/1H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory stimulation
Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, other (after systemic exposure)
REFERENCE :
JCTODH Journal of Combustion Toxicology. (Westport, CT) V.3-9, 1976-82.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,61,1976
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 40142 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
COREAF Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances, Academie des Sciences.
(Paris, France) V.1-261, 1835-1965. For publisher information, see CRASEV.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 256,1043,1963
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 900 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
BIZEA2 Biochemische Zeitschrift. (Berlin, Ger.) V.1-346, 1906-67. For
publisher information, see EJBCAI. Volume(issue)/page/year: 134,437,1923
TYPE OF TEST : LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 4413 ppm/30M
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - acute pulmonary edema
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
Liver - fatty liver degeneration
REFERENCE :
JIHTAB Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. (Cambridge, MA)
V.18-31, 1936-49. For publisher information, see AEHLAU.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 24,222,1942
TYPE OF TEST : LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION : 4413 ppm/30M
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - acute pulmonary edema
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
Liver - other changes
REFERENCE :
JIHTAB Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. (Cambridge, MA)
V.18-31, 1936-49. For publisher information, see AEHLAU.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 24,222,1942
** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 685 ug/m3/24H/84D-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition
Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue
levels - true cholinesterase
REFERENCE :
GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O
Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 38(3),6,1973
** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 450 mg/m3/1H
SEX/DURATION : female 1 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
e.g., stunted fetus)
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - homeostasis
REFERENCE :
AKGIAO Akushcherstvo i Ginekologiya (Moscow). (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga,
113095 Moscow, USSR) No.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 53(6),69,1977
** MUTATION DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : DNA repair
TEST SYSTEM : Bacteria - Escherichia coli
DOSE/DURATION : 25 ug/well
REFERENCE :
ENMUDM Environmental Mutagenesis. (New York, NY) V.1-9, 1979-87. For
publisher information, see EMMUEG. Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,429,1981
TYPE OF TEST : Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
TEST SYSTEM : Insect - Drosophila melanogaster
DOSE/DURATION : 100 ppm/24H
REFERENCE :
THAGA6 Theoretical & Applied Genetics. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.,
Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) V.38- 1968-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 39,330,1969
TYPE OF TEST : Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
TEST SYSTEM : Insect - Drosophila melanogaster
DOSE/DURATION : 100 ppm
REFERENCE :
THAGA6 Theoretical & Applied Genetics. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.,
Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) V.38- 1968-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 39,330,1969
TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Parenteral
TEST SYSTEM : Insect - grasshopper
DOSE/DURATION : 20 mg
REFERENCE :
NULSAK Nucleus (Calcutta). (Dr. A.K. Sharma, Centre of Advanced Studies in
Cell and Chromosome Research, Calcutta, 35 Baliygunge Circular Rd., Calcutta
700 019, India) V.1- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,119,1966
TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Lung
DOSE/DURATION : 30 mmol/L
REFERENCE :
CYTBAI Cytobios. (Faculty Press, 88 Regent St., Cambridge, UK) V.1- 1969-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 55,167,1988
TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Ovary
DOSE/DURATION : 8 mmol/L
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 225,55,1989
*** REVIEWS ***
ACGIH TLV-CL 7.5 mg/m3 (5 ppm)
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
(BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year:
TLV/BEI,1997
IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,189,1992
IARC Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,189,1992
IARC Cancer Review:Group 3
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,189,1992
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
ARTODN Archives of Toxicology. (Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Pl. 3, D-1000
Berlin 33, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.32- 1974- Volume(issue)/page/year:
39,299,1978
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
AOHYA3 Annals of Occupational Hygiene. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House,
Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.1- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year:
17,159,1974
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
EVHPAZ EHP, Environmental Health Perspectives. (U.S. Government Printing
Office, Supt of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) No.1- 1972-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,163,1975
*** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS ***
EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION
FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of
Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year:
54,7740,1989
MSHA STANDARD:air-CL 5 ppm (7 mg/m3)
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
(BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year:
3,129,1971
OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):CL 5 ppm (7 mg/m3)
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year:
29,1910.1000,1994
OSHA PEL (Construc):CL 5 ppm (7 mg/m3)
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year:
29,1926.55,1994
OSHA PEL (Shipyard):CL 5 ppm (7 mg/m3)
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year:
29,1915.1000,1993
OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):CL 5 ppm (7 mg/m3)
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year:
41,50-204.50,1994
*** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS ***
OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 5 ppm (7 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-AUSTRIA:TWA 5 ppm (7 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-BELGIUM:STEL 5 ppm (7.7 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-DENMARK:STEL 5 ppm (7 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-FINLAND:STEL 5 ppm (7 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993
OEL-FRANCE:STEL 5 ppm (7.5 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-GERMANY:TWA 5 ppm (7 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-HUNGARY:STEL 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993
OEL-JAPAN:STEL 5 ppm (7.5 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 5 ppm (7 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 5 ppm (7 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-POLAND:TWA 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993
OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 5 ppm (5 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-SWEDEN:STEL 5 ppm (8 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 5 ppm (7.5 mg/m3);STEL 10 ppm (15 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-THAILAND:TWA 5 ppm (7 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-TURKEY:TWA 5 ppm (7 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 5 ppm (7 mg/m3);STEL 5 ppm (7 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV
OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
*** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA ***
NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) :
NIOSH REL TO HYDROGEN CHLORIDE-air:CL 5 ppm
REFERENCE :
NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of
Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992
NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA :
NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974)
NOHS Hazard Code - 38580
No. of Facilities: 87434 (estimated)
No. of Industries: 360
No. of Occupations: 156
No. of Employees: 824985 (estimated)
NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983)
NOES Hazard Code - 38580
No. of Facilities: 60309 (estimated)
No. of Industries: 321
No. of Occupations: 183
No. of Employees: 1238572 (estimated)
No. of Female Employees: 388130 (estimated)
*** STATUS IN U.S. ***
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: Cell transform.-SA7/SHE
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA Section 8(e) Risk Notification, 8EHQ-0892-9246
On EPA IRIS database
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JUNE 1998
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Acids, inorganic, 7903
*** END OF RECORD ***