*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION ***

RTECS NUMBER            : NI9625000
CHEMICAL NAME           : 2-Imidazolidinethione
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER     : 96-45-7
OTHER CAS REGISTRY NOS. : 96-46-8
LAST UPDATED            : 199806
DATA ITEMS CITED        : 92
MOLECULAR FORMULA       : C3-H6-N2-S
MOLECULAR WEIGHT        : 102.17
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : T5MYMTJ BUS
COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR     : Agricultural Chemical
                          Tumorigen
                          Mutagen
                          Reproductive Effector
                          Primary Irritant
SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES :
   * Akrochem etu-22
   * 4,5-Dihydroimidazole-2(3H)-thione
   * Ethylene thiourea
   * 1,3-Ethylenethiourea
   * N,N'-Ethylenethiourea
   * 1,3-Ethylene-2-thiourea
   * ETU
   * Imidazole-2(3H)-thione, 4,5-dihydro-
   * Imidazoline, 2-mercapto-
   * Imidazoline-2-thiol
   * 2-Imadazoline-2-thiol
   * Ethylene thiouree
   * 2-Mercaptoimidazoline
   * 2-Merkaptoimidazolin
   * NA-22
   * NA-22-D
   * NCI-C03372
   * Pennac CRA
   * RCRA waste number U116
   * Robac 22
   * Rodanin S-62
   * Sanceller 22
   * Sodium-22 neoprene accelerator
   * 2-Thiol-dihydroglyoxaline
   * Urea, 1,3-ethylene-2-thio-
   * USAF EL-62
   * Vulkacit npv/C2
   * Warecure C
 
                       *** HEALTH HAZARD DATA ***
 
                      ** SKIN/EYE IRRITATION DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION           : 500 mg/24H
REACTION SEVERITY       : Mild
REFERENCE :
   85JCAE "Prehled Prumyslove Toxikologie; Organicke Latky," Marhold, J.,
   Prague, Czechoslovakia, Avicenum, 1986  Volume(issue)/page/year: -,988,1986
 
                        ** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 1832 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   BECTA6 Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology.
   (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ
   07094)  V.1-    1966-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,19,1972
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 3 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan
   R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.1-    1968-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 21,71,1980
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 200 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   NTIS** National Technical Information Service.  (Springfield, VA 22161)
   Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: AD277-689
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 7800 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya.  Labor Hygiene and
   Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)
   V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 30(5),59,1986
 
                 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 297 mg/kg/28D-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Endocrine - other changes
   Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)
REFERENCE :
   ATSUDG Archives of Toxicology, Supplement.  (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.,
   Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094)  No.1-    1978-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,339,1986
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 764 mg/kg/90D-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Endocrine - other changes
   Endocrine - changes in thyroid weight
   Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)
REFERENCE :
   JEPTDQ Journal of Environmental Pathology and Toxicology.  (Park Forest
   South, IL)  V.1-5(3), 1977-81(?).  For publisher information, see JEPOEC.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 1(1),147,1977
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 220 mg/kg/7W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - food intake (animal)
   Endocrine - changes in thyroid weight
   Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
   TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology.  (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
   First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1-    1959-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   67,264,1983
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 3600 mg/kg/17W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Endocrine - other changes
   Endocrine - changes in thyroid weight
   Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
   BECTA6 Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology.
   (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ
   07094)  V.1-    1966-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,19,1972
 
                          ** TUMORIGENIC DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 10920 mg/kg/2Y-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
   Endocrine - thyroid tumors
REFERENCE :
   NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series.  (Research
   Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206-  Volume(issue)/page/year: NTP-TR-388,1992
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 5306 mg/kg/77W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors
   Endocrine - thyroid tumors
REFERENCE :
   JNCIAM Journal of the National Cancer Institute.  (Washington, DC)  V.1-60,
   1940-78.  For publisher information, see JJIND8.  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   49,583,1972
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 87360 mg/kg/2Y-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
   Liver - tumors
   Endocrine - thyroid tumors
REFERENCE :
   NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series.  (Research
   Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206-  Volume(issue)/page/year: NTP-TR-388,1992
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 77 gm/kg/82W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
   Liver - tumors
   Blood - lymphoma, including Hodgkin's disease
REFERENCE :
   JNCIAM Journal of the National Cancer Institute.  (Washington, DC)  V.1-60,
   1940-78.  For publisher information, see JJIND8.  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   42,1101,1969
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 11466 mg/kg/78W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
   Endocrine - thyroid tumors
REFERENCE :
   JJIND8 JNCI, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.  (Washington, DC)
   V.61-79, 1978-87. For publisher information, see JNCIEQ.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 67,75,1981
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 44 gm/kg/2Y-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
   Endocrine - thyroid tumors
   Reproductive - Tumorigenic effects - testicular tumors
REFERENCE :
   EJTXAZ European Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Hygiene.  (Paris,
   France)  V.7-9, 1974-76. For publisher information, see TOERD9.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,303,1976
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 146 gm/kg/2Y-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
   Endocrine - thyroid tumors
REFERENCE :
   EJTXAZ European Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Hygiene.  (Paris,
   France)  V.7-9, 1974-76. For publisher information, see TOERD9.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,303,1976
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 9125 mg/kg/2Y-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
   Endocrine - tumors
   Endocrine - thyroid tumors
REFERENCE :
   FCTXAV Food and Cosmetics Toxicology.  (London, UK)  V.1-19, 1963-81.  For
   publisher information, see FCTOD7.  Volume(issue)/page/year: 13,493,1975
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 5470 mg/kg/26W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
   Liver - tumors
REFERENCE :
   GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya.  Labor Hygiene and
   Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)
   V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 32(2),25,1988
 
                          ** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 60 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 13 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - urogenital system
REFERENCE :
   TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan
   R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.1-    1968-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 24,131,1981
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 100 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 13 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - gastrointestinal
   system
REFERENCE :
   SEIJBO Senten Ijo.  Congenital Anomalies.  (Nippon Senten Ijo Gakkai, c/o
   Kinki Daigaku Igakubu Kaibagaku Kyoshitsu, 380 Nishiyama, Sayama-cho,
   Mirami-Kawachi-gun, Osaka-fu, Japan) V.1-26, 1960-86. For publisher
   information, see CGANE7.  Volume(issue)/page/year: 18,241,1978
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 60 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 13 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial
   (including nose and tongue)
REFERENCE :
   FCTOD7 Food and Chemical Toxicology.  (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House,
   Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523)  V.20-    1982- Volume(issue)/page/year:
   20,273,1982
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 10 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 17 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4
   per # born alive)
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - weaning or lactation index (e.g., #
   alive at weaning per # alive at day 4)
REFERENCE :
   ATSUDG Archives of Toxicology, Supplement.  (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.,
   Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094)  No.1-    1978-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,292,1980
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 50 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 12 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
   e.g., stunted fetus)
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
   SEIJBO Senten Ijo.  Congenital Anomalies.  (Nippon Senten Ijo Gakkai, c/o
   Kinki Daigaku Igakubu Kaibagaku Kyoshitsu, 380 Nishiyama, Sayama-cho,
   Mirami-Kawachi-gun, Osaka-fu, Japan) V.1-26, 1960-86. For publisher
   information, see CGANE7.  Volume(issue)/page/year: 18,241,1978
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 30 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - weaning or lactation index (e.g., #
   alive at weaning per # alive at day 4)
REFERENCE :
   FAATDF Fundamental and Applied Toxicology.  (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
   First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1-    1981-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   9,415,1987
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 120 mg/m3/3H
SEX/DURATION            : female 7-14 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
   e.g., stunted fetus)
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
REFERENCE :
   NTIS** National Technical Information Service.  (Springfield, VA 22161)
   Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: PB277-077
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 27200 ug/m3/3H
SEX/DURATION            : female 7-14 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
   NTIS** National Technical Information Service.  (Springfield, VA 22161)
   Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: PB277-077
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 100 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 12-13 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial
   (including nose and tongue)
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
   TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology.  (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
   First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1-    1959-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   41,35,1977
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 2800 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 7 day(s) pre-mating
                          female 1-21 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Maternal Effects - parturition
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - stillbirth
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight
   gain)
REFERENCE :
   TOXID9 Toxicologist.  (Soc. of Toxicology, Inc., 475 Wolf Ledge Parkway,
   Akron, OH 44311) V.1-    1981-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 12,102,1992
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 30 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 17 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - weaning or lactation index (e.g., #
   alive at weaning per # alive at day 4)
REFERENCE :
   TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan
   R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.1-    1968-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 34,449,1986
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 30 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 19 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4
   per # born alive)
REFERENCE :
   TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan
   R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.1-    1968-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 34,449,1986
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 30 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 12 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Fertility - litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured
   before birth)
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4
   per # born alive)
REFERENCE :
   CGANE7 Congenital Anomalies.  (Nippon Senten Ijo Gakkai, 377-2 Ono-higashi,
   Osakasayama, Osaka-Fu 589 Japan)  V.27-    1987-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   30,121,1990
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 30 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 13 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight
   gain)
REFERENCE :
   CGANE7 Congenital Anomalies.  (Nippon Senten Ijo Gakkai, 377-2 Ono-higashi,
   Osakasayama, Osaka-Fu 589 Japan)  V.27-    1987-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   30,121,1990
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 80 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 13 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
   e.g., stunted fetus)
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial
   (including nose and tongue)
REFERENCE :
   TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology.  (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
   First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1-    1959-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   48,229,1979
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 80 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 13 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - homeostasis
REFERENCE :
   TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology.  (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
   First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1-    1959-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   48,229,1979
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 300 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 12 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial
   (including nose and tongue)
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
   AHEMA5 Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia.  (Paul Parey Scientific Pub., 35
   W. 38th St., Suite 3W, New York, NY 10018)  V.2-    1973-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,89,1980
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE                    : 1600 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 12 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - sex ratio
REFERENCE :
   JTEHD6 Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health.  (Hemisphere Pub.,
   1025 Vermont Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20005)  V.1-    1975/76-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 13,747,1984
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE                    : 2 gm/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 7-16 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
   JTEHD6 Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health.  (Hemisphere Pub.,
   1025 Vermont Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20005)  V.1-    1975/76-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,821,1979
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE                    : 2 gm/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 10 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial
   (including nose and tongue)
REFERENCE :
   TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan
   R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.1-    1968-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,335,1981
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE                    : 2 gm/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 12 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or
   resorbed implants per total number of implants)
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
   TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan
   R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.1-    1968-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 27,57A,1983
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE                    : 2400 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 12 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
   e.g., stunted fetus)
REFERENCE :
   TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan
   R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.1-    1968-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 27,57A,1983
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Mammal - cat
DOSE                    : 600 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 16-35 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - eye/ear
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - body wall
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial
   (including nose and tongue)
REFERENCE :
   TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan
   R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.1-    1968-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 18,311,1978
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE                    : 1120 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 7-20 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or
   resorbed implants per total number of implants)
REFERENCE :
   TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan
   R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.1-    1968-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,243,1973
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE                    : 140 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 7-20 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
REFERENCE :
   TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan
   R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.1-    1968-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,243,1973
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - hamster
DOSE                    : 600 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 11 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
   JTEHD6 Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health.  (Hemisphere Pub.,
   1025 Vermont Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20005)  V.1-    1975/76-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,287,1983
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - hamster
DOSE                    : 6480 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 6-18 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial
   (including nose and tongue)
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - gastrointestinal
   system
REFERENCE :
   SEIJBO Senten Ijo.  Congenital Anomalies.  (Nippon Senten Ijo Gakkai, c/o
   Kinki Daigaku Igakubu Kaibagaku Kyoshitsu, 380 Nishiyama, Sayama-cho,
   Mirami-Kawachi-gun, Osaka-fu, Japan) V.1-26, 1960-86. For publisher
   information, see CGANE7.  Volume(issue)/page/year: 18,11,1978
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - hamster
DOSE                    : 2400 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 11 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or
   resorbed implants per total number of implants)
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
REFERENCE :
   JTEHD6 Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health.  (Hemisphere Pub.,
   1025 Vermont Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20005)  V.1-    1975/76-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,287,1983
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - hamster
DOSE                    : 2160 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 6-13 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
   e.g., stunted fetus)
REFERENCE :
   SEIJBO Senten Ijo.  Congenital Anomalies.  (Nippon Senten Ijo Gakkai, c/o
   Kinki Daigaku Igakubu Kaibagaku Kyoshitsu, 380 Nishiyama, Sayama-cho,
   Mirami-Kawachi-gun, Osaka-fu, Japan) V.1-26, 1960-86. For publisher
   information, see CGANE7.  Volume(issue)/page/year: 18,11,1978
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - hamster
DOSE                    : 1200 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 11 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial
   (including nose and tongue)
REFERENCE :
   JTEHD6 Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health.  (Hemisphere Pub.,
   1025 Vermont Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20005)  V.1-    1975/76-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,287,1983
 
                            ** MUTATION DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM             : Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium
DOSE/DURATION           : 1 mmol/L
REFERENCE :
   EXPEAM Experientia.  (Birkhaeuser Verlag, POB 133, CH-4010 Basel,
   Switzerland)  V.1-    1945-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 31,214,1975
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM             : Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium
DOSE/DURATION           : 20 ug/plate
REFERENCE :
   BJCAAI British Journal of Cancer.  (Macmillan Press Ltd., Houndmills,
   Basingstoke, Hants. RG21 2XS, UK)  V.1-    1947-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   37,873,1978
 
TYPE OF TEST            : DNA repair
TEST SYSTEM             : Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium
DOSE/DURATION           : 20 mg/plate
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 38,122,1976
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM             : Bacteria - Escherichia coli
DOSE/DURATION           : 200 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   PMRSDJ Progress in Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. Co., Inc., 52
   Vanderbilt Ave., New York, NY 10017)  V.1-    1981- Volume(issue)/page/year:
   1,396,1981
 
TYPE OF TEST            : DNA repair
TEST SYSTEM             : Bacteria - Escherichia coli
DOSE/DURATION           : 500 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   PMRSDJ Progress in Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. Co., Inc., 52
   Vanderbilt Ave., New York, NY 10017)  V.1-    1981- Volume(issue)/page/year:
   1,195,1981
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Phage inhibition capacity
TEST SYSTEM             : Bacteria - Escherichia coli
DOSE/DURATION           : 10 gm/L
REFERENCE :
   PMRSDJ Progress in Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. Co., Inc., 52
   Vanderbilt Ave., New York, NY 10017)  V.1-    1981- Volume(issue)/page/year:
   1,224,1981
 
TYPE OF TEST            : DNA damage
TEST SYSTEM             : Bacteria - Bacillus subtilis
DOSE/DURATION           : 2 mg/disc
REFERENCE :
   PMRSDJ Progress in Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. Co., Inc., 52
   Vanderbilt Ave., New York, NY 10017)  V.1-    1981- Volume(issue)/page/year:
   1,175,1981
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Specific locus test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Multiple routes
TEST SYSTEM             : Insect - Drosophila melanogaster
DOSE/DURATION           : 500 umol/L
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 395,229,1997
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM             : Yeast - Saccharomyces cerevisiae
DOSE/DURATION           : 5 mmol/L
REFERENCE :
   MGGEAE Molecular and General Genetics.  (Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Pl.
   3, D-1000 Berlin 33, Fed. Rep. Ger.)  V.99-    1967-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 174,39,1979
 
TYPE OF TEST            : DNA repair
TEST SYSTEM             : Yeast - Saccharomyces cerevisiae
DOSE/DURATION           : 300 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   PMRSDJ Progress in Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. Co., Inc., 52
   Vanderbilt Ave., New York, NY 10017)  V.1-    1981- Volume(issue)/page/year:
   1,502,1981
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Gene conversion and mitotic recombination
TEST SYSTEM             : Yeast - Saccharomyces cerevisiae
DOSE/DURATION           : 50 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   PMRSDJ Progress in Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. Co., Inc., 52
   Vanderbilt Ave., New York, NY 10017)  V.1-    1981- Volume(issue)/page/year:
   1,491,1981
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction
TEST SYSTEM             : Yeast - Saccharomyces cerevisiae
DOSE/DURATION           : 100 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   PMRSDJ Progress in Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. Co., Inc., 52
   Vanderbilt Ave., New York, NY 10017)  V.1-    1981- Volume(issue)/page/year:
   1,468,1981
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction
TEST SYSTEM             : Mold - Aspergillus nidulans
DOSE/DURATION           : 39200 umol/L
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 172,139,1986
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Cytogenetic analysis
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Parenteral
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 200 mg/kg
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 38,349,1976
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Cytogenetic analysis
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 200 mg/kg
REFERENCE :
   CSHCAL Cold Spring Harbor Conferences on Cell Proliferation.  (Cold Spring
   Harbor, NY) V.1-10, 1974-83.  Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,267,1977
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - mouse Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION           : 1800 mg/L
REFERENCE :
   EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis.  (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E.
   11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.10-    1987-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   12,85,1988
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Host-mediated assay
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - mouse Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium
DOSE/DURATION           : 6 gm/kg
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 56,111,1977
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Morphological transformation
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - hamster Kidney
DOSE/DURATION           : 80 ug/L
REFERENCE :
   BJCAAI British Journal of Cancer.  (Macmillan Press Ltd., Houndmills,
   Basingstoke, Hants. RG21 2XS, UK)  V.1-    1947-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   37,873,1978

                              *** REVIEWS ***
 
   IARC Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence
   IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
   to Man.  (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
   V.1-    1972-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,45,1974

   IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence
   IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement.  (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49
   Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)  No.1-    1979-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   7,207,1987

   IARC Cancer Review:Group 2B
   IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement.  (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49
   Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)  No.1-    1979-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   7,207,1987

   TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
   ENVRAL Environmental Research.  (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St.,
   Duluth, MN 55802) V.1-    1967-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,243,1974

   TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
   AIHAAP American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal.  (AIHA, 475 Wolf
   Ledges Pkwy., Akron, OH 44311)  V.19-    1958-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   39(6),A34,1978

   TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
   85CVA2 "Oncology 1970, Proceedings of the Tenth International Cancer
   Congress," Chicago, Year Book Medical Pub., 1971  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   5,250,1970

   TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
   CNDQA8 Cahiers de Nutrition et de Dietetique.  (Editions Meteore, 42, rue du
   Louvre, 75001 Paris, France)  V.1-    1966-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   14,49,1979

                    *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS ***
 
   OEL-FINLAND:TWA 0.2 mg/m3;STEL 0.6 mg/m3;Carcinogen JAN 1993
   
   OEL-FRANCE;Carcinogen JAN 1993
   
   OEL-SWEDEN;Carcinogen JAN 1993

         *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA ***

NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) :
   NIOSH REL TO ETHYLENE THIOUREA-air:CA lowest feasible concentration
REFERENCE :
   NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of
   Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992

NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA :
   NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974)
     NOHS Hazard Code - 82079
       No. of Facilities: 1100 (estimated)
       No. of Industries: 13
       No. of Occupations: 39
       No. of Employees: 7475 (estimated)
   
   NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983)
     NOES Hazard Code - 82079
       No. of Facilities: 462 (estimated)
       No. of Industries: 11
       No. of Occupations: 24
       No. of Employees: 10749 (estimated)
       No. of Female Employees: 1804 (estimated)

                          *** STATUS IN U.S. ***
 
   EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat; Rodent
   dominant lethal
   
   EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Host-mediated assay; Histidine
   reversion-Ames test
   
   EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: Cell transform.-SA7/SHE; Sperm
   morphology-mouse
   
   EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: TRP reversion
   
   EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: Mammalian micronucleus
   
   EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
   
   EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
   
   On EPA IRIS database
   
   EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JUNE 1998
   
   NIOSH CURRENT INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN 22, 1978
   
   NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Ethylene thiourea, 5011
   
   NTP Carcinogenesis Studies (feed);clear evidence:mouse,rat
   NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series.  (Research
   Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206-  Volume(issue)/page/year: NTP-TR-388,92

   NTP 7th Annual Report on Carcinogens, 1992 : anticipated to be carcinogen

 
                            *** END OF RECORD ***