*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION ***
RTECS NUMBER : AY3675000
CHEMICAL NAME : Alanine, 3-(p-(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenyl)-, L-
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 148-82-3
BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. : 2816456
REFERENCE : 4-14-00-01689 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
LAST UPDATED : 199712
DATA ITEMS CITED : 95
MOLECULAR FORMULA : C13-H18-Cl2-N2-O2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT : 305.23
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : QVYZ1R DN2G2G -L
COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR : Tumorigen
Drug
Mutagen
Reproductive Effector
Human
Primary Irritant
SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES :
* Alanine nitrogen mustard
* Alkeran
* L-3-(p-(Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenyl)alanine
* p-Bis(beta-chloroethyl)aminophenylalanine
* p-N-Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino-L-phenylalanine
* 3-(p-(Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenyl)-L-alanine
* 4-(Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)-L-phenylalanine
* CB 3025
* 3025 C.B.
* p-Di-(2-chloroethyl)amino-L-phenylalanine
* p-N-Di(chloroethyl)aminophenylalanine
* 3-p-(Di(2-chloroethyl)amino)-phenyl-L-alanine
* Levofalan
* Melfalan
* Melphalan
* NCI-C04853
* NSC-8806
* L-PAM
* L-Phenylalanine, 4-(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)-
* Phenylalanine mustard
* L-Phenylalanine mustard
* Phenylalanine nitrogen mustard
* RCRA waste number U150
* L-Sarcolysin
* p-L-Sarcolysin
* L-Sarcolysine
* L-Sarkolysin
* SK-15673
*** HEALTH HAZARD DATA ***
** SKIN/EYE IRRITATION DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : Rinsed with water
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 5 mg/24H
REFERENCE :
TXCYAC Toxicology. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland, Ltd., POB 85,
Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1973- Volume(issue)/page/year: 14,117,1979
TYPE OF TEST : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 1 pph/24H
REACTION SEVERITY : Mild
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB270-483
** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human
DOSE/DURATION : 700 mg/kg/7D
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting
REFERENCE :
34ZIAG "Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York,
Academic Press, Inc., 1969 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,367,1969
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human
DOSE/DURATION : 1200 ug/kg/5D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting
REFERENCE :
CCROBU Cancer Chemotherapy Reports, Part 1. (Washington, DC) V.52(6)-59,
1968-75. For publisher information, see CTRRDO. Volume(issue)/page/year:
57,369,1973
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - child
DOSE/DURATION : 4500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - anorexia (human)
Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea
Blood - agranulocytosis
REFERENCE :
NZMJAX New Zealand Medical Journal. (New Zealand Medical Assoc., P.O. Box
156, Wellington, New Zealand) V.1- 1900- Volume(issue)/page/year:
97,816,1984
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION : 8140 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - anorexia (human)
Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea
Blood - agranulocytosis
REFERENCE :
NZMJAX New Zealand Medical Journal. (New Zealand Medical Assoc., P.O. Box
156, Wellington, New Zealand) V.1- 1900- Volume(issue)/page/year:
97,816,1984
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - infant
DOSE/DURATION : 28 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea
Blood - agranulocytosis
Blood - thrombocytopenia
REFERENCE :
LANCAO Lancet. (7 Adam St., London WC2N 6AD, UK) V.1- 1823-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,1048,1984
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 11200 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
IYKEDH Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. (Nippon Koteisho
Kyokai, 12-15, 2-chome, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan) V.1- 1970-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,710,1979
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 4484 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
BCPCA6 Biochemical Pharmacology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House,
Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.1- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year:
13,969,1964
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 4100 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
IYKEDH Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. (Nippon Koteisho
Kyokai, 12-15, 2-chome, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan) V.1- 1970-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,710,1979
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intracerebral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 200 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
JPPMAB Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. (Pharmaceutical Soc. of Great
Britain, 1 Lambeth High St., London SEI 7JN, UK) V.1- 1949-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 18,760,1966
TYPE OF TEST : LD10 - Lethal Dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 32 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
EJCAAH European Journal of Cancer. (Oxford, UK) V.1-17(6), 1965-1981. For
publisher information, see EJCODS. Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,667,1974
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 20800 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
Blood - other changes
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB88-133921
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Parenteral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 6 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut
Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941- Volume(issue)/page/year:
47,62,1987
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 29600 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut
Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941- Volume(issue)/page/year:
46,2703,1986
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION : 3 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea
Blood - normocytic anemia
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB88-133921
** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 14 mg/kg/7D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Endocrine - changes in spleen weight
Immunological Including Allergic - decrease in humoral immune response
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
TXCYAC Toxicology. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland, Ltd., POB 85,
Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1973- Volume(issue)/page/year: 107,47,1996
** TUMORIGENIC DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION : 80 ug/kg/D-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
Blood - other changes
Blood - lymphoma, including Hodgkin's disease
REFERENCE :
BLOOAW Blood. (Grune & Stratton, Inc., 465 S. Lincoln Dr., Troy, MO 63379)
V.1- 1946- Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,17,1973
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION : 57 ug/kg/D-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
Blood - other changes
Blood - lymphoma, including Hodgkin's disease
REFERENCE :
BLOOAW Blood. (Grune & Stratton, Inc., 465 S. Lincoln Dr., Troy, MO 63379)
V.1- 1946- Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,17,1973
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION : 26 mg/kg/2Y-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
Blood - tumors
REFERENCE :
JCPAAK Journal of Clinical Pathology. (British Medical Journal, Box 560B,
Kennebunkport, ME 04046) V.1- 1947- Volume(issue)/page/year: 26,649,1973
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 70 mg/kg/26W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria
Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application
REFERENCE :
RRCRBU Recent Results in Cancer Research. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.,
Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) V.1- 1965-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 52,1,1975
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 58 mg/kg/9W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors
Skin and Appendages - tumors
REFERENCE :
BJCAAI British Journal of Cancer. (Macmillan Press Ltd., Houndmills,
Basingstoke, Hants. RG21 2XS, UK) V.1- 1947- Volume(issue)/page/year:
10,363,1956
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 60 mg/kg/26W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors
Blood - lymphoma, including Hodgkin's disease
REFERENCE :
RRCRBU Recent Results in Cancer Research. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.,
Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) V.1- 1965-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 52,1,1975
TYPE OF TEST : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 15 mg/kg/6W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria
Skin and Appendages - tumors
REFERENCE :
CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut
Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941- Volume(issue)/page/year:
37,317,1977
TYPE OF TEST : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION : 66 mg/kg/4Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
Blood - leukemia
REFERENCE :
BLOOAW Blood. (Grune & Stratton, Inc., 465 S. Lincoln Dr., Troy, MO 63379)
V.1- 1946- Volume(issue)/page/year: 44,333,1974
TYPE OF TEST : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION : 34 mg/kg/2Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
Blood - leukemia
REFERENCE :
SJHAAQ Scandinavian Journal of Haematology. (Munksgaard International Pub.,
POB 2148, DK-1016 Copenhagen K, Denmark) V.1- 1964-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,375,1971
TYPE OF TEST : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION : 12 mg/kg/3Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
Blood - leukemia
REFERENCE :
ONCOBS Oncology. (S. Karger AG, Postfach CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland) V.21-
1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 40,268,1983
TYPE OF TEST : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION : 23 mg/kg/2Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
Blood - leukemia
REFERENCE :
AMSVAZ Acta Medica Scandinavica. (Almqvist & Wiksell, POB 45150, S-10430
Stockholm, Sweden) V.52-224, 1919-88. Volume(issue)/page/year: 211,203,1982
TYPE OF TEST : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION : 17 mg/kg/4Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
Blood - leukemia
REFERENCE :
AMSVAZ Acta Medica Scandinavica. (Almqvist & Wiksell, POB 45150, S-10430
Stockholm, Sweden) V.52-224, 1919-88. Volume(issue)/page/year: 211,203,1982
** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman
DOSE : 3750 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 25 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Maternal Effects - menstrual cycle changes or disorders
REFERENCE :
LANCAO Lancet. (7 Adam St., London WC2N 6AD, UK) V.1- 1823-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,1174,1977
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - child
DOSE : 8800 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 1 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Maternal Effects - ovaries, fallopian tubes
Reproductive - Maternal Effects - other effects
REFERENCE :
LANCAO Lancet. (7 Adam St., London WC2N 6AD, UK) V.1- 1823-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,1425,1987
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman
DOSE : 5946 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 1 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Maternal Effects - menstrual cycle changes or disorders
REFERENCE :
LANCAO Lancet. (7 Adam St., London WC2N 6AD, UK) V.1- 1823-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,1425,1987
** MUTATION DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM : Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium
DOSE/DURATION : 100 ug/plate
REFERENCE :
ONCODU Revista de Chirurgui, Oncologie, Radiologie, ORL, Oftalmologie,
Stomatologie, Seria: Oncologia. (Rompresfilatelia, POB 12-201, Bucharest,
Romania) V.13(4)- 1974- Volume(issue)/page/year: 18,95,1979
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM : Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium
DOSE/DURATION : 200 ug/plate
REFERENCE :
PNASA6 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States
of America. (National Academy of Sciences, Printing & Pub. Office, 2101
Constitution Ave., Washington, DC 20418) V.1- 1915-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 72,5135,1975
TYPE OF TEST : DNA repair
TEST SYSTEM : Bacteria - Escherichia coli
DOSE/DURATION : 100 ug/disc
REFERENCE :
CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut
Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941- Volume(issue)/page/year:
34,1658,1974
TYPE OF TEST : DNA damage
TEST SYSTEM : Microorganism - not otherwise specified
DOSE/DURATION : 50 umol/L
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 368,235,1996
TYPE OF TEST : Specific locus test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Parenteral
TEST SYSTEM : Insect - Drosophila melanogaster
DOSE/DURATION : 10700 umol/L
REFERENCE :
CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut
Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941- Volume(issue)/page/year:
30,195,1970
TYPE OF TEST : Specific locus test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
TEST SYSTEM : Insect - Drosophila melanogaster
DOSE/DURATION : 1 mmol/L
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 242,169,1990
TYPE OF TEST : Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported
TEST SYSTEM : Insect - Drosophila melanogaster
DOSE/DURATION : 10 mmol/L
REFERENCE :
ANYAA9 Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. (New York Academy of
Sciences, 2 E. 63rd St., New York, NY 10021) V.1- 1877-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 160,228,1969
TYPE OF TEST : DNA damage
TEST SYSTEM : Human Cells - not otherwise specified
DOSE/DURATION : 10 umol/L
REFERENCE :
EJHAEC European Journal of Haematology. (Munksgaard International
Publishers, POB 2148, DK-1016 Copenhagen K, Denmark) V.38- 1987-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 47,161,1991
TYPE OF TEST : DNA damage
TEST SYSTEM : Human Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 1 mg/L/1H (Continuous)
REFERENCE :
CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut
Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941- Volume(issue)/page/year:
40,1169,1980
TYPE OF TEST : DNA damage
TEST SYSTEM : Human Cells - not otherwise specified
DOSE/DURATION : 10 umol/L
REFERENCE :
ANTRD4 Anticancer Research. (5 Argyropoulou St., Kato Patissia, Athens 907,
Greece) V.1- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,297,1990
TYPE OF TEST : DNA damage
TEST SYSTEM : Human Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 5 umol/L
REFERENCE :
BCPCA6 Biochemical Pharmacology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House,
Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.1- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year:
38,3122,1989
TYPE OF TEST : Unscheduled DNA synthesis
TEST SYSTEM : Human Fibroblast
DOSE/DURATION : 800 ug/L
REFERENCE :
TXCYAC Toxicology. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland, Ltd., POB 85,
Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1973- Volume(issue)/page/year: 21,151,1981
TYPE OF TEST : Unscheduled DNA synthesis
TEST SYSTEM : Human Cells - not otherwise specified
DOSE/DURATION : 10 umol/L
REFERENCE :
CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut
Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941- Volume(issue)/page/year:
42,84,1982
TYPE OF TEST : Unscheduled DNA synthesis
TEST SYSTEM : Human Leukocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 10 umol/L
REFERENCE :
CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut
Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941- Volume(issue)/page/year:
42,84,1982
TYPE OF TEST : Unscheduled DNA synthesis
TEST SYSTEM : Human Bone marrow
DOSE/DURATION : 10 umol/L
REFERENCE :
CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut
Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941- Volume(issue)/page/year:
42,84,1982
TYPE OF TEST : DNA inhibition
TEST SYSTEM : Human Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 25 umol/L
REFERENCE :
CBINA8 Chemico-Biological Interactions. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland
Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1969- Volume(issue)/page/year:
51,191,1984
TYPE OF TEST : DNA inhibition
TEST SYSTEM : Human Cells - not otherwise specified
DOSE/DURATION : 4 mg/L
REFERENCE :
IJCNAW International Journal of Cancer. (International Union Against
Cancer, 3 rue du Conseil- General, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland) V.1- 1966-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 21,438,1978
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified
TEST SYSTEM : Human Leukocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 10 umol/L
REFERENCE :
EJCODS European Journal of Cancer and Clinical Oncology. (Pergamon Press,
c/o Elsevier Science, 660 White Plains Rd., Tarrytown, NY 10591) V.17(7)-
25, 1981-89. For publisher information, see EJCAEL Volume(issue)/page/year:
17,991,1981
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified
TEST SYSTEM : Human Cells - not otherwise specified
DOSE/DURATION : 1 mmol/L
REFERENCE :
ANTRD4 Anticancer Research. (5 Argyropoulou St., Kato Patissia, Athens 907,
Greece) V.1- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,297,1990
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified
TEST SYSTEM : Human Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 150 ug/L
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 206,361,1988
TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis
TEST SYSTEM : Human Cells - not otherwise specified
DOSE/DURATION : 1 mg/L
REFERENCE :
IJCNAW International Journal of Cancer. (International Union Against
Cancer, 3 rue du Conseil- General, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland) V.1- 1966-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 21,438,1978
TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis
TEST SYSTEM : Human Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 500 ug/L
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,225,1973
TYPE OF TEST : Sister chromatid exchange
TEST SYSTEM : Human Cells - not otherwise specified
DOSE/DURATION : 400 nmol/L
REFERENCE :
CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut
Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941- Volume(issue)/page/year:
49,605,1989
TYPE OF TEST : Sister chromatid exchange
TEST SYSTEM : Human Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 1 umol/L
REFERENCE :
CTRRDO Cancer Treatment Reports. (Washington, DC) V.60-71, 1976-87. For
publisher information, see JNCIEQ. Volume(issue)/page/year: 69,505,1985
TYPE OF TEST : Sister chromatid exchange
TEST SYSTEM : Human Fibroblast
DOSE/DURATION : 1 umol/L
REFERENCE :
EJCODS European Journal of Cancer and Clinical Oncology. (Pergamon Press,
c/o Elsevier Science, 660 White Plains Rd., Tarrytown, NY 10591) V.17(7)-
25, 1981-89. For publisher information, see EJCAEL Volume(issue)/page/year:
17,991,1981
TYPE OF TEST : Sister chromatid exchange
TEST SYSTEM : Human Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 100 ug/L
REFERENCE :
EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E.
11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year:
14,6,1989
TYPE OF TEST : DNA inhibition
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - rat Cells - not otherwise specified
DOSE/DURATION : 160 nmol/L
REFERENCE :
CBINA8 Chemico-Biological Interactions. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland
Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1969- Volume(issue)/page/year:
39,191,1982
TYPE OF TEST : Micronucleus test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 1250 ug/kg
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 389,3,1997
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 100 ug/L
REFERENCE :
DCTODJ Drug and Chemical Toxicology. (Marcel Dekker, 270 Madison Ave., New
York, NY 10016) V.1- 1977/78- Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,277,1978
TYPE OF TEST : Specific locus test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 5 mg/kg
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 282,151,1992
TYPE OF TEST : Morphological transformation
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse Embryo
DOSE/DURATION : 100 ug/L
REFERENCE :
CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut
Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941- Volume(issue)/page/year:
37,2202,1977
TYPE OF TEST : DNA damage
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse Cells - not otherwise specified
DOSE/DURATION : 40 umol/L
REFERENCE :
BCPCA6 Biochemical Pharmacology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House,
Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.1- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year:
37,3189,1988
TYPE OF TEST : DNA damage
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 2 mg/kg
REFERENCE :
PAACA3 Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research. (Waverly
Press, 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1954-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 24,246,1983
TYPE OF TEST : Unscheduled DNA synthesis
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 37600 nmol/kg
REFERENCE :
PAACA3 Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research. (Waverly
Press, 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1954-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 24,248,1983
TYPE OF TEST : DNA inhibition
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 37700 nmol/kg
REFERENCE :
CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut
Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941- Volume(issue)/page/year:
46,2340,1986
TYPE OF TEST : DNA inhibition
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 2 mg/L
REFERENCE :
ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. (Editio Cantor Verlag,
Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1951-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 25,378,1975
TYPE OF TEST : Sister chromatid exchange
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse Cells - not otherwise specified
DOSE/DURATION : 2 umol/L
REFERENCE :
CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut
Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941- Volume(issue)/page/year:
45,2025,1985
TYPE OF TEST : Sister chromatid exchange
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 1500 ug/kg
REFERENCE :
ENMUDM Environmental Mutagenesis. (New York, NY) V.1-9, 1979-87. For
publisher information, see EMMUEG. Volume(issue)/page/year: 8(Suppl
6),32,1986
TYPE OF TEST : Dominant lethal test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 7500 ug/kg
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 345,167,1995
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in mammalian somatic cells
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 100 ug/L
REFERENCE :
DCTODJ Drug and Chemical Toxicology. (Marcel Dekker, 270 Madison Ave., New
York, NY 10016) V.1- 1977/78- Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,277,1978
TYPE OF TEST : Heritable translocation test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 7500 ug/kg
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 345,167,1995
TYPE OF TEST : DNA damage
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Lung
DOSE/DURATION : 1 mg/L
REFERENCE :
BCPCA6 Biochemical Pharmacology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House,
Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.1- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year:
35,1163,1986
TYPE OF TEST : DNA damage
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Ovary
DOSE/DURATION : 3 mg/L
REFERENCE :
CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut
Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941- Volume(issue)/page/year:
43,3175,1983
TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Embryo
DOSE/DURATION : 1 mg/L
REFERENCE :
CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut
Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941- Volume(issue)/page/year:
37,2202,1977
TYPE OF TEST : Sister chromatid exchange
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Fibroblast
DOSE/DURATION : 5 ug/L
REFERENCE :
CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut
Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941- Volume(issue)/page/year:
39,797,1979
TYPE OF TEST : DNA damage
TEST SYSTEM : Mammal - species unspecified Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 2500 nmol/L
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 368,235,1996
*** REVIEWS ***
IARC Cancer Review:Human Sufficient Evidence
IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49
Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year:
7,239,1987
IARC Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,167,1975
IARC Cancer Review:Group 1
IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49
Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year:
7,239,1987
*** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA ***
NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA :
NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983)
NOES Hazard Code - X4742
No. of Facilities: 140 (estimated)
No. of Industries: 1
No. of Occupations: 4
No. of Employees: 2418 (estimated)
No. of Female Employees: 974 (estimated)
*** STATUS IN U.S. ***
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat; Cell
transform.-C3H/10T1/2
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: In vitro cytogenetics-nonhuman
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: In vitro cytogenetics-human; E coli polA
with S9
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Histidine reversion-Ames test
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: In vitro SCE-human lymphocytes
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: D melanogaster Sex-linked lethal
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive/dose response: In vitro SCE-nonhuman
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: D melanogaster-reciprocal
translocation
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: E coli polA without S9
NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (ipr);clear evidence:mouse,rat
RRCRBU Recent Results in Cancer Research. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.,
Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) V.1- 1965-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 52,1,75
NTP 7th Annual Report on Carcinogens, 1992 : known to be carcinogenic
NTP Carcinogenesis studies; laboratory assigned, October 1997
NTP Carcinogenesis studies; on test (prechronic studies), October 1997
*** END OF RECORD ***