*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION ***

RTECS NUMBER            : OG1750000
CHEMICAL NAME           : Lead monoxide
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER     : 1317-36-8
LAST UPDATED            : 199712
DATA ITEMS CITED        : 33
MOLECULAR FORMULA       : O-Pb
MOLECULAR WEIGHT        : 223.19
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :  PB  O
COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR     : Tumorigen
                          Mutagen
                          Primary Irritant
SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES :
   * C.I. 77577
   * C.I. Pigment Yellow 46
   * Lead monooxide
   * Lead oxide
   * Lead Oxide Yellow
   * Lead protoxide
   * Lead(II) oxide
   * Litharge
   * Litharge Pure
   * Litharge Yellow L-28
   * Plumbous oxide
   * Yellow Lead Ocher
 
                       *** HEALTH HAZARD DATA ***
 
                      ** SKIN/EYE IRRITATION DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION           : 100 mg/24H
REACTION SEVERITY       : Mild
REFERENCE :
   AEHLAU Archives of Environmental Health.  (Heldref Pub., 4000 Albemarle St.,
   NW, Washington, DC 20016)  V.1-    1960-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   30,168,1975
 
                        ** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 430 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Blood - other changes
REFERENCE :
   INMEAF Industrial Medicine.  (Chicago, IL)  V.1-18, 1932-49.  For publisher
   information, see IOHSA5.  Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,15,1941
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION           : 1400 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   HBAMAK "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." (Leipzig,
   Ger. Dem. Rep.)  Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,1289,1935
 
                 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 10 ug/m3/24H/22W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Brain and Coverings - recordings from specific areas of CNS
   Blood - changes in bone marrow (not otherwise specified)
   Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue
   levels - true cholinesterase
REFERENCE :
   GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya.  For English translation, see HYSAAV.  (V/O
   Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)  V.1-    1936-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 43(6),96,1978
 
                            ** MUTATION DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Morphological transformation
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - hamster Embryo
DOSE/DURATION           : 50 umol/L
REFERENCE :
   CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut
   Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106)  V.1-    1941-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   39,193,1979

                              *** REVIEWS ***
 
   ACGIH TLV-TWA 0.05 mg(Pb)/m3; animal carcinogen
   DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
   (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
   Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   TLV/BEI,1997

   IARC Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence
   IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
   to Man.  (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
   V.1-    1972-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,325,1980

   TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
   85DHAX "Medical and Biologic Effects of Environmental Pollutants Series,"
   Washington, DC, National Academy of Sciences, 1972-77
   Volume(issue)/page/year: Pb,254,1972

                    *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS ***
 
   OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 0.05 mg(Pb)/m3 JAN 1993
   
   OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 0.15 mg(Pb)/m3 JAN 1993
   
   OEL-AUSTRIA:TWA 0.1 mg(Pb)/m3 JAN 1993
   
   OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 0.15 mg(Pb)/m3 JAN 1993
   
   OEL-DENMARK:TWA 0.1 mg(Pb)/m3 JAN 1993
   
   OEL-FINLAND:TWA 0.1 mg(Pb)/m3 JAN 1993
   
   OEL-FRANCE:TWA 0.15 mg(Pb)/m3 JAN 1993
   
   OEL-GERMANY:TWA 0.1 mg(Pb)/m3 JAN 1993
   
   OEL-HUNGARY:STEL 0.04 mg(Pb)/m3;Carcinogen JAN 1993
   
   OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 0.15 mg(Pb)/m3 JAN 1993
   
   OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 0.005 ppm (0.01 mg(Pb)/m3) JAN 1993
   
   OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 0.05 mg(Pb)/m3 (resp. dust) JAN 1993
   
   OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 0.1 mg(Pb)/m3 (total dust) JAN 1993
   
   OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 0.1 mg(Pb)/m3 JAN 1993
   
   OEL-THAILAND:TWA 0.2 mg(Pb)/m3 JAN 1993
   
   OEL-TURKEY:TWA 0.2 mg(Pb)/m3 JAN 1993
   
   OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 0.15 mg(Pb)/m3 JAN 1993
   
   OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV
   
   OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV

         *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA ***

NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) :
   NIOSH REL TO LEAD, INORGANIC-air:10H TWA <0.1 mg(Pb)/m3
REFERENCE :
   NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of
   Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992

NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA :
   NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974)
     NOHS Hazard Code - M0125
       No. of Facilities: 1613 (estimated)
       No. of Industries: 35
       No. of Occupations: 37
       No. of Employees: 23488 (estimated)
   
   NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983)
     NOES Hazard Code - M0125
       No. of Facilities: 2531 (estimated)
       No. of Industries: 40
       No. of Occupations: 47
       No. of Employees: 59832 (estimated)
       No. of Female Employees: 19722 (estimated)

                          *** STATUS IN U.S. ***
 
   EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Cell transform.-SA7/SHE
   
   EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
   
   NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Lead, by flame AAS, 7082; or by HGAAS, 7105

 
                            *** END OF RECORD ***