*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION ***
RTECS NUMBER : QB3140000
CHEMICAL NAME : Monocrotaline
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 315-22-0
BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. : 0048732
REFERENCE : 4-27-00-06660 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
LAST UPDATED : 199612
DATA ITEMS CITED : 44
MOLECULAR FORMULA : C16-H23-N-O6
MOLECULAR WEIGHT : 325.40
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : T55 AN CUTJ FQ D1OV1- ET5OVTJ C1 D1 EQ
COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR : Tumorigen
Drug
Mutagen
Natural Product
SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES :
* Crotaline
* (13-alpha,14-alpha)-14,19-Dihydro-12,13-dihydroxy-20-norcrotalanan-11,15
-dione
* Monocrotalin
* NCI-C56462
* 20-Norcrotalanan-11,15-dione, 14,19-dihydro-12,13-dihydroxy-,
(13-alpha,14-alpha)-
* NSC 28693
*** HEALTH HAZARD DATA ***
** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 66 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse
REFERENCE :
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year:
18,387,1971
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 130 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
Liver - other changes
REFERENCE :
CBINA8 Chemico-Biological Interactions. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland
Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1969- Volume(issue)/page/year:
12,299,1976
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 60 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year:
23,470,1972
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 92 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams &
Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 83,265,1945
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 60 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut
Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941- Volume(issue)/page/year:
28,2237,1968
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 259 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year:
59,424,1981
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 261 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams &
Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 75,78,1942
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - species unspecified
DOSE/DURATION : 60 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
PAREAQ Pharmacological Reviews. (Williams & Wilkins, 428 E. Preston St.,
Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1949- Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,429,1970
** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 61600 ug/kg/28D-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - changes in lung weight
Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue
levels - other oxidoreductases
Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue
levels - transaminases
REFERENCE :
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year:
60,193,1981
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 18 mg/kg/10D-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Cardiac - changes in heart weight
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - changes in lung weight
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
JTEHD6 Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. (Hemisphere Pub.,
1025 Vermont Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20005) V.1- 1975/76-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 28,445,1989
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 75600 ug/kg/3W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Vascular - BP elevation not characterized in autonomic section
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - changes in lung weight
Cardiac - changes in heart weight
REFERENCE :
MOPMA3 Molecular Pharmacology. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St.,
Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1965- Volume(issue)/page/year: 14,1189,1978
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 288 mg/kg/48W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Vascular - thrombosis distant from injection site
Blood - hemorrhage
Related to Chronic Data - death
REFERENCE :
BJCAAI British Journal of Cancer. (Macmillan Press Ltd., Houndmills,
Basingstoke, Hants. RG21 2XS, UK) V.1- 1947- Volume(issue)/page/year:
9,224,1955
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 1050 mg/kg/14D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - changes in liver weight
Endocrine - changes in spleen weight
Blood - changes in leukocyte (WBC) count
REFERENCE :
FAATDF Fundamental and Applied Toxicology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year:
14,842,1990
** TUMORIGENIC DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 130 mg/kg/1Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors
Liver - tumors
REFERENCE :
JNCIAM Journal of the National Cancer Institute. (Washington, DC) V.1-60,
1940-78. For publisher information, see JJIND8. Volume(issue)/page/year:
56,787,1976
** MUTATION DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : DNA repair
TEST SYSTEM : Bacteria - Escherichia coli
DOSE/DURATION : 1 gm/L
REFERENCE :
CRNGDP Carcinogenesis (London). (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House,
Southfield Road, Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK) V.1- 1980-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,189,1981
TYPE OF TEST : Specific locus test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
TEST SYSTEM : Insect - Drosophila melanogaster
DOSE/DURATION : 10 umol/L
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 182,243,1987
TYPE OF TEST : Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Parenteral
TEST SYSTEM : Insect - Drosophila melanogaster
DOSE/DURATION : 20 umol/L
REFERENCE :
ZEVBA5 Zeitschrift fuer Vererbungslehre. (Berlin, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.89-98,
1958-66. For publisher information, see MGGEAE. Volume(issue)/page/year:
91,74,1960
TYPE OF TEST : Heritable translocation test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Parenteral
TEST SYSTEM : Insect - Drosophila melanogaster
DOSE/DURATION : 10 mmol/L
REFERENCE :
JOGNAU Journal of Genetics. (Belghoria, India) V.1-63, 1910-77.
Discontinued. Volume(issue)/page/year: 59,273,1966
TYPE OF TEST : DNA damage
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 5 mg/kg
REFERENCE :
CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut
Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941- Volume(issue)/page/year:
44,1505,1984
TYPE OF TEST : Unscheduled DNA synthesis
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - rat Liver
DOSE/DURATION : 2 umol/L
REFERENCE :
CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut
Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941- Volume(issue)/page/year:
45,3125,1985
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 20 mg/kg
REFERENCE :
RCOCB8 Research Communications in Chemical Pathology and Pharmacology. (PJD
Pub. Ltd., P.O. Box 966, Westbury, NY 11590) V.1- 1970-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,859,1973
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 20 mg/kg
REFERENCE :
RCOCB8 Research Communications in Chemical Pathology and Pharmacology. (PJD
Pub. Ltd., P.O. Box 966, Westbury, NY 11590) V.1- 1970-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,859,1973
TYPE OF TEST : Micronucleus test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 125 mg/kg
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 285,27,1993
TYPE OF TEST : Micronucleus test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 60 mg/kg
REFERENCE :
EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E.
11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year:
26,37,1995
TYPE OF TEST : Unscheduled DNA synthesis
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse Liver
DOSE/DURATION : 20 umol/L
REFERENCE :
CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut
Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941- Volume(issue)/page/year:
45,3125,1985
TYPE OF TEST : DNA inhibition
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse Fibroblast
DOSE/DURATION : 1 mmol/L
REFERENCE :
JOUOD4 Journal of UOEH (University of Occupational and Environmental
Health). (Univ. of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka,
Yahata-nishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807, Japan) V.1- 1979-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,147,1983
TYPE OF TEST : Morphological transformation
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Kidney
DOSE/DURATION : 250 ug/L
REFERENCE :
CRNGDP Carcinogenesis (London). (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House,
Southfield Road, Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK) V.1- 1980-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,161,1980
TYPE OF TEST : Unscheduled DNA synthesis
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Liver
DOSE/DURATION : 2 umol/L
REFERENCE :
CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut
Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941- Volume(issue)/page/year:
45,3125,1985
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Ovary
DOSE/DURATION : 2 mmol/L
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 111,209,1983
TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Lung
DOSE/DURATION : 31600 nmol/L
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 282,169,1992
TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Ovary
DOSE/DURATION : 2 mmol/L
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 111,209,1983
TYPE OF TEST : Sister chromatid exchange
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Lung
DOSE/DURATION : 2500 ug/L
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 142,209,1985
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified
TEST SYSTEM : Mammal - species unspecified Leukocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 50 umol/L
REFERENCE :
CYTBAI Cytobios. (Faculty Press, 88 Regent St., Cambridge, UK) V.1- 1969-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 14,151,1975
TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis
TEST SYSTEM : Mammal - species unspecified Leukocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 25 umol/L
REFERENCE :
CYTBAI Cytobios. (Faculty Press, 88 Regent St., Cambridge, UK) V.1- 1969-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 14,151,1975
*** REVIEWS ***
IARC Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,291,1976
IARC Cancer Review:Human No Adequate Data
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,291,1976
IARC Cancer Review:Group 2B
IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49
Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year:
7,56,1987
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
FEPRA7 Federation Proceedings, Federation of American Societies for
Experimental Biology. (Bethesda, MD) V.1-46, 1942-87.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 35,89,1976
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
CTRRDO Cancer Treatment Reports. (Washington, DC) V.60-71, 1976-87. For
publisher information, see JNCIEQ. Volume(issue)/page/year: 60,1171,1976
*** STATUS IN U.S. ***
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: D melanogaster Sex-linked lethal
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: TRP reversion
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: D melanogaster-reciprocal
translocation
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: Mouse specific locus
*** END OF RECORD ***