*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION ***

RTECS NUMBER            : QC8750000
CHEMICAL NAME           : Morphinan-3,6-alpha-diol, 7,8-didehydro-4,
                          5-alpha-epoxy-17-methyl-, sulfate
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER     : 64-31-3
LAST UPDATED            : 199712
DATA ITEMS CITED        : 56
MOLECULAR FORMULA       : C34-H38-N2-O6.H2-O4-S
MOLECULAR WEIGHT        : 668.82
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : T B6566 B6/CO 4ABBC R BX HO PN DU GHT&&TTJ FQ JQ P&
                          2WSQQ
COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR     : Drug
                          Mutagen
                          Reproductive Effector
                          Human
SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES :
   * Morphine sulfate
   * l-Morphine sulfate
   * Morphine sulphate
 
                       *** HEALTH HAZARD DATA ***
 
                        ** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION           : 8 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - analgesia
REFERENCE :
   LANCAO Lancet.  (7 Adam St., London WC2N 6AD, UK)  V.1-    1823-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,573,1987
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION           : 12 mg/kg/4W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
REFERENCE :
   DICPBB Drug Intelligence and Clinical Pharmacy.  (POB 42435, Cincinnati, OH
   45242)  V.3-    1969-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,397,1988
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 461 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   BJPCAL British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy.  (London, UK)
   V.1-33, 1946-68.  For publisher information, see BJPCBM.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 30,11,1967
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 235 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
REFERENCE :
   APTOA6 Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica.  (Copenhagen, Denmark)  V.1-59,
   1945-86.  For publisher information, see PHTOEH  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   22,241,1965
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 108 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Endocrine - other changes
REFERENCE :
   BJPCAL British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy.  (London, UK)
   V.1-33, 1946-68.  For publisher information, see BJPCBM.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,260,1955
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 70 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology.  (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
   First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1-    1959-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   17,250,1970
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 78 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay)
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
   Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea
REFERENCE :
   AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans
   Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium)  V.4-   
   1898-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 190,124,1971
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 600 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - analgesia
REFERENCE :
   JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.  (Williams &
   Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202)  V.1-    1909/10-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 133,400,1961
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 275 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - analgesia
REFERENCE :
   JMCMAR Journal of Medicinal Chemistry.  (American Chemical Soc.,
   Distribution Office Dept. 223, POB POB 57136, West End Stn., Washington, DC
   20037)  V.6-    1963-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,627,1967
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 180 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
   Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay)
REFERENCE :
   AUVJA2 Australian Veterinary Journal.  (Australian Veterinary Assoc.,
   Executive Director, 134-136 Hampden Road, Artarmon, N.S.W., Australia) V.2- 
     1927-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 49,525,1973
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 156 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
   Behavioral - rigidity (including catalepsy)
REFERENCE :
   JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.  (Williams &
   Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202)  V.1-    1909/10-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 157,185,1967
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 334 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay)
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
   Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea
REFERENCE :
   AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans
   Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium)  V.4-   
   1898-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 190,124,1971
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intracerebral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 5100 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
REFERENCE :
   JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.  (Williams &
   Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202)  V.1-    1909/10-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 140,155,1963
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION           : 316 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - analgesia
   Behavioral - sleep
REFERENCE :
   AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans
   Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium)  V.4-   
   1898-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 149,571,1964
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION           : 1 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   JAMAAP JAMA, Journal of the American Medical Association.  (AMA, 535 N.
   Dearborn St., Chicago, IL 60610)  V.1-    1883-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   63,469,1914
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION           : 391 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   ANYAA9 Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.  (New York Academy of
   Sciences, 2 E. 63rd St., New York, NY 10021)  V.1-    1877-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 51,83,1948
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION           : 400 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   JAMAAP JAMA, Journal of the American Medical Association.  (AMA, 535 N.
   Dearborn St., Chicago, IL 60610)  V.1-    1883-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   63,469,1914
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - hamster
DOSE/DURATION           : 1250 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   PSEBAA Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine.
   (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802)  V.1-    1903/04-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,339,1943
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Bird - pigeon
DOSE/DURATION           : 321 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - ataxia
   Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
REFERENCE :
   AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans
   Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium)  V.4-   
   1898-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 79,282,1949
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Bird - chicken
DOSE/DURATION           : 125 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - ataxia
   Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
   Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
REFERENCE :
   AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans
   Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium)  V.4-   
   1898-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 79,282,1949
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Bird - duck
DOSE/DURATION           : 213 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex)
   Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
   Behavioral - ataxia
REFERENCE :
   AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans
   Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium)  V.4-   
   1898-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 79,282,1949
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Amphibian - frog
DOSE/DURATION           : 677 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   ANYAA9 Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.  (New York Academy of
   Sciences, 2 E. 63rd St., New York, NY 10021)  V.1-    1877-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 51,83,1948
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Parenteral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Amphibian - frog
DOSE/DURATION           : 678 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - ataxia
   Behavioral - changes in psychophysiological tests
REFERENCE :
   AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans
   Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium)  V.4-   
   1898-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 79,282,1949
 
                 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 3100 mg/kg/18W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
   JPPMAB Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology.  (Pharmaceutical Soc. of Great
   Britain, 1 Lambeth High St., London SEI 7JN, UK)  V.1-    1949-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 21,668,1969
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 60 gm/kg/14W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - fibrosis, focal (pneumoconiosis)
   Related to Chronic Data - death
REFERENCE :
   JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.  (Williams &
   Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202)  V.1-    1909/10-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 92,269,1948
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 3150 mg/kg/9W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)
   Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
   Related to Chronic Data - changes in prostate weight
REFERENCE :
   TOLED5 Toxicology Letters.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1977-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,61,1980
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION           : 430 mg/kg/14W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Blood - hemorrhage
   Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
   Related to Chronic Data - death
REFERENCE :
   JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.  (Williams &
   Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202)  V.1-    1909/10-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 92,269,1948
 
                          ** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 22 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : male 1 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - weaning or lactation index (e.g., #
   alive at weaning per # alive at day 4)
REFERENCE :
   NATUAS Nature.  (Nature Subscription Dept., POB 1018, Manasguan, NJ 08736)
   V.1-    1869-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 253,202,1975
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 140 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 9-22 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral
REFERENCE :
   BRREAP Brain Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1966-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 132,194,1977
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 50 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 1 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Maternal Effects - ovaries, fallopian tubes
REFERENCE :
   BIREBV Biology of Reproduction.  (Soc. for the Study of Reproduction, 309 W.
   Clark St., Champaign, IL 61820)  V.1-    1969-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   21,379,1979
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 592 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 5 day(s) pre-mating
                          female 1-22 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - stillbirth
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - live birth index (measured after birth)
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4
   per # born alive)
REFERENCE :
   PHMGBN Pharmacology: International Journal of Experimental and Clinical
   Pharmacology.  (S. Karger AG, Postfach CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland)  V.1-
   1968-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,302,1977
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 1420 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 5 day(s) pre-mating  - 21 day(s) post-birth
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - weaning or lactation index (e.g., #
   alive at weaning per # alive at day 4)
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight
   gain)
REFERENCE :
   PHMGBN Pharmacology: International Journal of Experimental and Clinical
   Pharmacology.  (S. Karger AG, Postfach CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland)  V.1-
   1968-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,302,1977
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 1420 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 5 day(s) pre-mating  - 21 day(s) post-birth
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
REFERENCE :
   PHMGBN Pharmacology: International Journal of Experimental and Clinical
   Pharmacology.  (S. Karger AG, Postfach CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland)  V.1-
   1968-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,276,1977
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 50 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 1 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Fertility - other measures of fertility
REFERENCE :
   ENDOAO Endocrinology (Baltimore).  (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston
   St., Baltimore, MD 21203) V.1-    1917-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 99,7,1976
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 1400 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : male 28 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material,
   sperm morphology, motility, and count)
   Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct
   Reproductive - Paternal Effects - prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland,
   accessory glands
REFERENCE :
   TOLED5 Toxicology Letters.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1977-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,61,1980
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 141 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 7-9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
   e.g., stunted fetus)
REFERENCE :
   APTOA6 Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica.  (Copenhagen, Denmark)  V.1-59,
   1945-86.  For publisher information, see PHTOEH  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   31,305,1972
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 187 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 17-20 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - other postnatal measures or effects
REFERENCE :
   APTOA6 Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica.  (Copenhagen, Denmark)  V.1-59,
   1945-86.  For publisher information, see PHTOEH  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   36,243,1975
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 187 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 17-20 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral
REFERENCE :
   APTOA6 Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica.  (Copenhagen, Denmark)  V.1-59,
   1945-86.  For publisher information, see PHTOEH  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   31,305,1972
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 450 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 7 day(s) pre-mating
                          female 3-16 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - stillbirth
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4
   per # born alive)
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight
   gain)
REFERENCE :
   PBBHAU Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior.  (ANKHO International Inc.,
   P.O. Box 426, Fayetteville, NY 13066)  V.1-    1973-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,285,1977
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 20 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 21 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - cytological changes (including
   somatic cell genetic material)
REFERENCE :
   APTOA6 Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica.  (Copenhagen, Denmark)  V.1-59,
   1945-86.  For publisher information, see PHTOEH  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   37,265,1975
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE                    : 2800 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 8-21 day(s) after conception
                          lactating female 14 day(s) post-birth
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral
REFERENCE :
   NATUAS Nature.  (Nature Subscription Dept., POB 1018, Manasguan, NJ 08736)
   V.1-    1869-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 247,376,1974
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE                    : 10 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : male 1 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material,
   sperm morphology, motility, and count)
   Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in
   number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea)
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
REFERENCE :
   TCMUD8 Teratogenesis, Carcinogenesis, and Mutagenesis.  (Alan R. Liss, Inc.,
   41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.1-    1980- Volume(issue)/page/year:
   3,19,1983
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE                    : 400 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
   DABSAQ Dissertation Abstracts B: The Sciences and Engineering.  (Ann Arbor,
   MI)  V.27-29, 1966-69. For publisher information, see DABBBA.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 28,4222,1968
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE                    : 100 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
   e.g., stunted fetus)
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
   JPMSAE Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences.  (American Pharmaceutical Assoc.,
   2215 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20037)  V.50-    1961-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 57,1590,1968
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE                    : 400 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or
   resorbed implants per total number of implants)
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
REFERENCE :
   JPMSAE Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences.  (American Pharmaceutical Assoc.,
   2215 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20037)  V.50-    1961-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 57,1590,1968
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE                    : 500 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Maternal Effects - other effects
   Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
   JPMSAE Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences.  (American Pharmaceutical Assoc.,
   2215 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20037)  V.50-    1961-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 57,1590,1968
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE                    : 840 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 5 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight
   gain)
REFERENCE :
   JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.  (Williams &
   Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202)  V.1-    1909/10-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 205,33,1978
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Parenteral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE                    : 200 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 8 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
   e.g., stunted fetus)
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - urogenital system
REFERENCE :
   JPMSAE Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences.  (American Pharmaceutical Assoc.,
   2215 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20037)  V.50-    1961-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 62,1626,1973
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE                    : 1900 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 11 day(s) pre-mating
                          female 1-29 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - extra-embryonic structures
   (e.g., placenta, umbilical cord)
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
   e.g., stunted fetus)
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - physical
REFERENCE :
   BNEOBV Biology of the Neonate.  (S. Karger Pub., Inc., 79 Fifth Ave., New
   York, NY 10003) V.15-    1970-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 32,222,1977
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - hamster
DOSE                    : 82 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 8 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
REFERENCE :
   AJOGAH American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology.  (C.V. Mosby Co.,
   11830 Westline Industrial Dr., St. Louis, MO 63146)  V.1-    1920-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 123,705,1975
 
TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - hamster
DOSE                    : 206 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 8 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - other developmental
   abnormalities
REFERENCE :
   AJOGAH American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology.  (C.V. Mosby Co.,
   11830 Westline Industrial Dr., St. Louis, MO 63146)  V.1-    1920-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 123,705,1975
 
                            ** MUTATION DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Micronucleus test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 20 mg/kg
REFERENCE :
   EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis.  (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E.
   11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.10-    1987-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   25,279,1995
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Cytogenetic analysis
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 3200 ug/kg
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 78,97,1980
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Dominant lethal test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 10 mg/kg
REFERENCE :
   TCMUD8 Teratogenesis, Carcinogenesis, and Mutagenesis.  (Alan R. Liss, Inc.,
   41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.1-    1980- Volume(issue)/page/year:
   3,19,1983

         *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA ***

NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA :
   NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974)
     NOHS Hazard Code - A1172
       No. of Facilities: 33 (estimated)
       No. of Industries: 1
       No. of Occupations: 1
       No. of Employees: 198 (estimated)
   
   NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983)
     NOES Hazard Code - A1172
       No. of Facilities: 201 (estimated)
       No. of Industries: 2
       No. of Occupations: 10
       No. of Employees: 17783 (estimated)
       No. of Female Employees: 15877 (estimated)

 
                            *** END OF RECORD ***