*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION ***
RTECS NUMBER : TH8925000
CHEMICAL NAME : Phthalazine, 1-hydrazino-
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 86-54-4
BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. : 0132615
REFERENCE : 5-25-17-00412 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
LAST UPDATED : 199612
DATA ITEMS CITED : 29
MOLECULAR FORMULA : C8-H8-N4
MOLECULAR WEIGHT : 160.20
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : T66 CNNJ BMZ
COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR : Tumorigen
Drug
Mutagen
Reproductive Effector
Human
SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES :
* Apresolin
* Apresoline
* Apressin
* Aprezolin
* BA 5968
* C 5968
* Ciba 5968
* Hidralazin
* Hidralazina
* Hipoftalin
* Hydralazin
* Hydralazine
* Hydrazinophthalazine
* 1-Hydrazinophthalazine
* Hypophthalin
* Idralazina
* 1(2H)-Phthalazinone hydrazone
*** HEALTH HAZARD DATA ***
** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION : 2086 mg/kg/2Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, allergic (after systemic exposure)
REFERENCE :
BMJOAE British Medical Journal. (British Medical Assoc., BMA House,
Tavistock Sq., London WC1H 9JR, UK) V.1- 1857- Volume(issue)/page/year:
289,410,1984
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION : 730 mg/kg/2Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, allergic (after systemic exposure)
REFERENCE :
BMJOAE British Medical Journal. (British Medical Assoc., BMA House,
Tavistock Sq., London WC1H 9JR, UK) V.1- 1857- Volume(issue)/page/year:
289,410,1984
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION : 89 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Cardiac - cardiomyopathy including infarction
Cardiac - changes in coronary arteries
REFERENCE :
EJPEDT European Journal of Pediatrics. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.,
Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) V.121- 1975-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 145,318,1986
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 90 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Cardiac - pulse rate increase, without fall in BP
Vascular - BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section
REFERENCE :
PLRCAT Pharmacological Research Communications. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1969- Volume(issue)/page/year:
8,295,1976
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 25 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams &
Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 143,7,1964
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 34 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Cardiac - change in rate
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting
REFERENCE :
JAPMA8 Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association, Scientific
Edition. (Washington, DC) V.29-49, 1940-60. For publisher information, see
JPMSAE. Volume(issue)/page/year: 40,559,1951
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 122 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
PLRCAT Pharmacological Research Communications. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1969- Volume(issue)/page/year:
8,295,1976
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 100 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
JMCMAR Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. (American Chemical Soc.,
Distribution Office Dept. 223, POB POB 57136, West End Stn., Washington, DC
20037) V.6- 1963- Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,671,1979
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 150 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
RPTOAN Russian Pharmacology and Toxicology (English Translation).
Translation of FATOAO. (Euromed Pub., 33, Woodlands Rd., Surbiton, Surrey,
UK) V.30- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 31,53,1968
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 52 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
MDACAP Medicamentos de Actualidad. (J.R. Prous, S.A., Apartado de Correos
540, 08080 Barcelona, Spain) V.1- 1965- Volume(issue)/page/year:
12,468,1976
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION : 100 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. (Editio Cantor Verlag,
Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1951-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,1591,1973
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION : 50 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. (Editio Cantor Verlag,
Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1951-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 35,818,1985
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 300 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. (Editio Cantor Verlag,
Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1951-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,1591,1973
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION : 250 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
BCFAAI Bollettino Chimico Farmaceutico. (Societa Editoriale Farmaceutica,
Via Ausonio 12, 20123 Milan, Italy) V.33- 1894- Volume(issue)/page/year:
111,480,1972
** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 3600 mg/kg/5W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Blood - normocytic anemia
Blood - changes in other cell count (unspecified)
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year:
44,431,1978
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 9360 mg/kg/26W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Blood - normocytic anemia
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
Related to Chronic Data - death
REFERENCE :
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year:
44,431,1978
** TUMORIGENIC DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 45427 mg/kg/2Y-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors
REFERENCE :
EXPADD Experimental Pathology (1981). (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland
Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.19- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year:
32,119,1987
** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman
DOSE : 7 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 34-35 week(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - cardiovascular
(circulatory) system
REFERENCE :
AJOGAH American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. (C.V. Mosby Co.,
11830 Westline Industrial Dr., St. Louis, MO 63146) V.1- 1920-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 160,105,1989
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman
DOSE : 54 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 26-39 week(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - blood and lymphatic
systems (including spleen and marrow)
REFERENCE :
NEJMAG New England Journal of Medicine. (Massachusetts Medical Soc., 10
Shattuck St., Boston, MA 02115) V.198- 1928- Volume(issue)/page/year:
303,1235,1980
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 330 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 1-22 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - weaning or lactation index (e.g., #
alive at weaning per # alive at day 4)
REFERENCE :
ANREAK Anatomical Record. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY
10003) V.1- 1906/08- Volume(issue)/page/year: 193,174,1979
** MUTATION DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM : Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium
DOSE/DURATION : 500 ug/plate
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 68,79,1979
TYPE OF TEST : DNA repair
TEST SYSTEM : Bacteria - Escherichia coli
DOSE/DURATION : 200 ug/disc
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 68,79,1979
TYPE OF TEST : Specific locus test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
TEST SYSTEM : Insect - Drosophila melanogaster
DOSE/DURATION : 200 mmol/L/6H
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 120,233,1983
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in mammalian somatic cells
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - rat Liver
DOSE/DURATION : 5 umol/L
REFERENCE :
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year:
118,135,1993
TYPE OF TEST : Unscheduled DNA synthesis
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - rabbit Liver
DOSE/DURATION : 5 mmol/L
REFERENCE :
PNASA6 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States
of America. (National Academy of Sciences, Printing & Pub. Office, 2101
Constitution Ave., Washington, DC 20418) V.1- 1915-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 79,1269,1982
*** REVIEWS ***
IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 24,85,1980
IARC Cancer Review:Group 3
IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49
Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year:
7,222,1987
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
INTEAG Internist. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz
Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) V.1- 1960- Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,7,1974
*** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA ***
NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA :
NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983)
NOES Hazard Code - X4187
No. of Facilities: 85 (estimated)
No. of Industries: 1
No. of Occupations: 3
No. of Employees: 8409 (estimated)
No. of Female Employees: 7509 (estimated)
*** END OF RECORD ***