Title: Sodium Azide
CAS Registry Number: 26628-22-8
Trademarks: Smite (PPG)
Molecular Formula: N3Na
Molecular Weight: 65.01
Percent Composition: N 64.64%, Na 35.36%
Line Formula: NaN3
Literature References: Cytochrome oxidase inhibitor. Prepd from NaNH2 + N2O: Dennis, Browne, Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 40, 95 (1904); Schenk in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry Vol. 1, G. Brauer, Ed. (Academic Press, New York, 2nd ed., 1963) pp 474-475. Alternate procedures: Inorg. Synth. 1, 79 (1939); 2, 139 (1946). Large scale manuf processes: B. T. Fedoroff et al., Encyclopedia of Explosives and Related Items Vol. 1 (Picatinny Arsenal, Dover, N.J., 1960) pp A601-A619. Review: L. E. Audrieth, Chem. Rev. 15, 169 (1934). Review of toxicology: K. A. Frederick, J. G. Babish, Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 2, 308-322 (1982); of human health effects: S. Chang, S.H. Lamm, Int. J. Toxicol. 22, 175-186 (2003).
Properties: Colorless hexagonal crystals, d 1.846. On heating dec into sodium and nitrogen. Highly sol in water. Rapidly converted to hydrazoic acid, q.v. Soly in water: 40.16% at 10°, 41.7% at 17°. pK = 4.8, aq solns contains HN3 which escapes readily at 37°. Slightly sol in alcohol. Insol in ether. Sol in liquid ammonia. LD50 in rats (mg/kg): 45 orally (Frederick, Babish).
pKa: pK = 4.8, aq solns contains HN3 which escapes readily at 37°
Density: d 1.846
Toxicity data: LD50 in rats (mg/kg): 45 orally (Frederick, Babish)
CAUTION: Potential symptoms of overexposure are irritation of eyes, skin; nausea, vomiting, restlessness, diarrhea; headache, dizziness, weakness, blurred vision; dyspnea; hypotension, tachycardia, bradycardia, tachypnea; hypothermia; acidosis; convulsions; kidney changes. See NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards (DHHS/NIOSH 97-140, 1997) p 280; Clinical Toxicology of Commercial Products, R. E. Gosselin et al., Eds. (Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, 5th ed., 1984), Section II, p 114; Prudent Practices for Handling Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories (National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., 1981) pp 145-147.
Use: In organic syntheses; in the preparation of hydrazoic acid, lead azide, pure sodium. In the differential selection of bacteria; in automatic blood counters; as preservative for laboratory reagents. Propellant for inflating automotive safety bags. Agricultural nematocide; herbicide; in fruit rot control. |