Title: Captopril
CAS Registry Number: 62571-86-2
CAS Name: 1-[(2S)-3-Mercapto-2-methyl-1-oxopropyl]-L-proline
Additional Names: (2S)-1-(3-mercapto-2-methylpropionyl)-L-proline; D-2-methyl-3-mercaptopropanoyl-L-proline
Manufacturers' Codes: SQ-14225
Trademarks: Acediur (Guidotti); Acepril (Duncan Flockhart); Alopresin (Alonga); Acepress (Guidotti); Capoten (BMS); Captolane (Thaplix); Captoril (Sankyo); Cesplon (Esteve); Dilabar (Vita); Garranil (Aristegui); Hipertil (Normal); Lopirin (BMS); Lopril (BMS); Tensobon (Schwarz); Tensoprel (Rubio)
Molecular Formula: C9H15NO3S
Molecular Weight: 217.29
Percent Composition: C 49.75%, H 6.96%, N 6.45%, O 22.09%, S 14.76%
Literature References: First orally active angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Prepn: M. A. Ondetti, D. W. Cushman, DE 2703828; eidem, US 4046889 and US 4105776 (1977, 1977, 1978 all to Squibb). Design and synthesis: M. A. Ondetti et al., Science 196, 441 (1977); D. W. Cushman et al., Biochemistry 16, 5484 (1977). Improved synthesis: D. H. Nam et al., J. Pharm. Sci. 73, 1843 (1984). Pharmacology: B. Rubin et al., Eur. J. Pharmacol. 51, 377 (1978); eidem, Prog. Cardiovasc. Dis. 21, 183 (1978). Clinical studies: D. B. Case et al., ibid. 195; H. R. Brunner et al., Ann. Intern. Med. 90, 19 (1979). Toxicology and metabolism: G. R. Keim in Captopril and Hypertension, D. B. Case, Ed. (Plenum, New York, 1980) p 137. GC/MS determn in biological fluids: T. Ito, Y. Matsuki, J. Chromatogr. 417, 79 (1987). Historical review and comprehensive bibliography: Z. P. Horovitz in Pharmacological and Biochemical Properties of Drug Substances vol. 3, M. E. Goldberg, Ed. (Am. Pharm. Assoc., Washington, DC, 1981) pp 148-175. Comprehensive description: H. Kadin, Anal. Profiles Drug Subs. 11, 79-137 (1982). Reviews: Am. Heart J. 104, pt. 2, 1125-1228 (1982); Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 14, Suppl. 2, 69S-252S (1982). Series of articles on pharmacology and therapeutic efficacy: Postgrad. Med. J. 62, Suppl. 1, 1-191 (1986).
Properties: Crystals from ethyl acetate/hexane, mp 103-104° (Ondetti, Cushman). Generally regarded as polymorphic: stable form, mp 106°; unstable form, mp 86° (Florey); also reported as mp 87-88°, resolidifies, second mp 104-105° (Cushman). [a]D22 -131.0° (c = 1.7 in ethanol). pK1 3.7, pK2 9.8. Freely sol in water, alc, chloroform, methylene chloride. LD50 in mice (mg/kg): 1040 i.v.; 6000 orally (Keim).
Melting point: mp 103-104° (Ondetti, Cushman); stable form, mp 106°; unstable form, mp 86°; mp 87-88°; resolidifies, second mp 104-105° (Cushman)
pKa: pK1 3.7, pK2 9.8
Optical Rotation: [a]D22 -131.0° (c = 1.7 in ethanol)
Toxicity data: LD50 in mice (mg/kg): 1040 i.v.; 6000 orally (Keim)
Derivative Type: Combination with hydrochlorothiazide
CAS Registry Number: 110075-07-5
Trademarks: Aceplus (BMS); Acezide (Duncan Flockhart); Capozide (BMS); Captea (Thaplix); Ecazide (BMS)
Therap-Cat: Antihypertensive.
Keywords: ACE-Inhibitor; Antihypertensive; N-Carboxyalkyl (peptide/lactam) Derivatives. |