Title: Xanthine
CAS Registry Number: 69-89-6
CAS Name: 3,7-Dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione
Additional Names: 2,6(1H,3H)-purinedione; 2,6-dioxopurine
Molecular Formula: C5H4N4O2
Molecular Weight: 152.11
Percent Composition: C 39.48%, H 2.65%, N 36.83%, O 21.04%
Literature References: Occurs in animal organs, yeast, potatoes, coffee beans, tea. First isolated from urinary bladder stones: Beilstein 26, 447 (1937). Prepd by treating a sulfuric acid soln of guanine with sodium nitrite: Fischer, Ann. 215, 309 (1882). Several other syntheses, cf. Levene, Bass, Nucleic Acids (New York, 1931).
Properties: Scales, plates from water. Dec on heating without melting and with partial sublimation. Kb at 40° = 6.09´10-14; Ka at 40° = 1.19´10-10. Absorption spectrum: Kalckar, J. Biol. Chem. 167, 429 (1947). One gram dissolves in 14.5 liters of water at 16°, in 1.4 liters boiling water; less sol in alcohol. Sol in mineral acids, freely sol in NH4OH and in NaOH solns.
Derivative Type: 1,3-Dimethylxanthine see Theophylline
Derivative Type: 3,7-Dimethylxanthine see Theobromine
Derivative Type: 1,3,7-Trimethylxanthine see Caffeine
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